nvBGKvUÆ
1861 mvGji nvBGKvUÆm AÅvÙ
eGj cÉ^g nvBGKvUÆ MwVZ nq| BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi kvmbvgGj KjKvZvq weËwUkivGRi
cÉwZwbwaZ½Kvix ‰KwU mywcÉg ˆKvUÆ wQj| evsjvq emevmKvix me BDGivcxq bvMwiK
‰es KjKvZvi mKj ˆ`kxq bvMwiK ‰B mywcÉg ˆKvGUÆi AvIZvfzî× wQj| ˆKvÁ·vwbi
evsjv ivGRÅ mGeÆvœP Av`vjZ wQj m`i Av`vjZ| ‰i `ywU wefvM wQj m`i ˆ`Iqvwb
Av`vjZ I m`i wbRvgZ Av`vjZ| m`i Av`vjZ ˆKvÁcvwbi cÉwZwbwaZ½ KiZ|
‰i wePviKiv wQGjb mb`x wmwfj mvwfÆGmi m`mÅ| ‰ Av`vjGZi wePviKiv BDGivcxq
nGjI ˆh AvBGb wePviKvhÆ mÁ·®² nGZv Zv AcwinvhÆfvGeB wQj fviZxq| BDGivcxqiv
m`i Av`vjGZi ‰LwZqvi ewnf„ÆZ wQj| KjKvZvi evBGii ˆ`kxq ˆjvKG`i IciI
mywcÉg ˆKvGUÆi ˆKvb ‰LwZqvi wQj bv| 1858 mvGj BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁcvwbi wejywµ¦i
mGã mGã Av`vjGZi ‰aiGbi Š«¼Z ‰LwZqvGii Aemvb NGU ‰es weËwUkivR weËwUk
fviGZi kvmbfvi mivmwi MÉnY KGib|
|
nvBGKvUÆ
feb (bZzb), XvKv
[Qwe : Rwni‚j Bmjvg fuƒBqv] |
1861
mvGji nvBGKvUÆm AÅvGÙ weËwUk fviGZi cÉwZwU ˆcÉwmGWw´ÖGZ ‰KwU KGi nvBGKvUÆ
cÉwZÓ¤vi eÅeÕ©v ivLv nq| mvGeK mywcÉg ˆKvUÆ I m`i Av`vjGZi Õ©Gj cÉwZwÓ¤Z
nq nvBGKvUÆ| ‰ nvBGKvGUÆ ˆ`Iqvwb KvhÆwewa , ˆdŒR`vwi KvhÆwewa
I `íwewa AbymvGi Awf®² c«¬wZGZ wePviKvhÆ mÁ·®² nGZv| mgMÉ evsjv KjKvZv
nvBGKvGUÆi ‰LwZqvifzî× wQj| 1905 mvGj eãfGãi ciI ‰ eÅeÕ©v envj wQj|
1935 mvGji fviZ kvmb AvBGb cÌGZÅK cÉG`Gk ‰KwU nvBGKvUÆ ‰es ˆKG±`Ê ‰KwU
ˆdWvGij ˆKvUÆ cÉwZÓ¤vi weavb wQj|
fviZ
wefvGMi ci (1947) cvwKÕ¦vb (cÉwfkbvj
msweavb) AvG`k 1947 eGj XvKvq ‰KwU nvBGKvUÆ cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq| fviZ kvmb AvBGb
(1935) fviZxq ˆK±`Êxq AvBbmfvi Dci AwcÆZ ÞgZv I KvhÆvewj AZtci fviZxq
Õ¼vaxbZv AvBGbi AaxGb cvwKÕ¦vb MYcwilG`i Ici bÅÕ¦ nq| 1935 mvGji AvBGb
weËwUk fviGZi cÉwZwU cÉG`Gk ‰KwU nvBGKvUÆ Õ©vcGbi weavb wQj| ‰ AvBbB
cvwKÕ¦vb (cÉwfkbvj msweavb) AvG`Gk cwiYZ nq| cvwKÕ¦vGbi ‰KwU cÉG`k wnGmGe
cƒeÆ evsjvi ivRavbx XvKvq ‰KwU nvBGKvUÆ Õ©vwcZ nq| 1954 mvGj MYcwilG`
1935 mvGji AvBb msGkvab Kiv nq| msGkvabxGZ ejv nq ˆh, cÉGZÅKwU nvBGKvUÆ
‰i AvIZvaxb ‰jvKvq ‰i ‰LwZqvifzî× welGq ˆhGKvb eÅwî× ev KZ‡ÆcÞ, ‰es
cÉvmwãK ˆÞGò cÉG`Gki ˆhGKvb miKvGii Ici ˆnweqvm KcÆvm aiGbi wiUmn ˆhGKvb
wiU, wbÁ² Av`vjGZi cÉwZ üKzgbvgv, wbGlavæv, mgb RvwiKiYmn DœP Av`vjGZ
ˆiKGWÆi AvGe`b A^ev Abyi…c ˆhGKvb welGq Zvi ÞgZv cÉGqvM KiGZ cviGe (aviv
223‰)| 1956 mvGji msweavGb cÉ`î nvBGKvGUÆi ‰LwZqvi, ÞgZv I KvhÆvewj
1962 mvGj cÉYxZ msweavGb eÅvcK cwieZÆb Kiv nq|
MYcÉRvZ¯¨x
evsjvG`Gki msweavGb cvwKÕ¦vGbi ˆdWvGij eÅeÕ©vi Abyi…c ˆ`Gki AbÅ ˆKv^vI
ˆKvb c†^K nvBGKvGUÆi weavb ˆbB| evsjvG`Gki msweavGb ejv nGqGQ ˆh, Avcxj
wefvM I nvBGKvUÆ wefvGMi mg¯¼Gq evsjvG`Gki RbÅ ‰KwU mywcÉg ˆKvUÆ (evsjvG`Gki
mywcÉg ˆKvUÆ bvGg cwiwPZ) ^vKGe| nvBGKvUÆ wefvM gƒj gvgjv, Avcxj I AbÅvbÅ
wePviKvhÆ mÁ·v`b KiGe ‰es evsjvG`Gki msweavb KZ‡ÆK ‰i Ici AwcÆZ
ev mgGq mgGq AwcÆZ ÞgZv cÉGqvM I KvhÆò×g mÁ·®² KiGe|
[wmivRyj Bmjvg]
