jvjwenvix
ˆ`, ˆifvGi´£ (1824-1894) ˆjLK I eüLÅvZ fviZxq wLËÓ¡vb
cwíZ| 1824 mvGji 18 wWGmÁ¼i eaÆgvb ˆRjvi ˆmvbvcjvkx MÉvGgi ‰K myeYÆewYK
cwievGi Zuvi R¯Ã| wcZv ivavKv¯¦ ˆ` wQGjb KjKvZvi ‰KRb mvaviY wej ˆeËvKvi|
ZLbKvi w`Gb mvgvbÅ BsGiwR ævbI BDGivcxqG`i mGã evwYGRÅi ˆÞGò eÅvcK myGhvM
‰Gb w`Z| ZvB ivavKv¯¦ cyò jvjwenvixGK KjKvZvq AvGjKRv´£vi Wvd cÉwZwÓ¤Z
(1830) ˆRbvGij AÅvGmgweÐR BbwÕ¡wUDkGb wkÞvjvGfi RbÅ cvVvb| Õ•zjwU wQj
A‹eZwbK| Wvd mvGne ˆckvq wQGjb ‰KRb wLËÓ¡vb agÆhvRK| ZvB Zuvi DGókÅ
wQj hZ ˆewk mÁ¿e fviZxqG`i wLËÓ¡aGgÆ `xwÞZ Kiv| WvGdi BbwÕ¡wUDkGb jvjwenvix
ˆh aiGbi wkÞvjvf KGib, Zv ZuvGK wbRaGgÆi cÉwZ weG«¼lx KGi ˆZvGj ‰es
1843 mvGj wZwb ˆifv. K‡úGgvnb eG±`ÅvcvaÅvGqi gvaÅGg wLËÓ¡aGgÆ `xwÞZ
nb| 1851 mvGj wZwb PvGPÆi agÆhvRKi…Gc KgÆRxeb ÷i‚ KGib| Zuvi
agÆcÉPvGii ˆÞò wQj eaÆgvb ˆRjv| 1855 mvGj wZwb KjKvZvi Free Church Presbytery
KZƆK ‘ˆifvGi´£’ cG` D®²xZ nb|
eaÆgvGb
KgÆiZ ^vKv AeÕ©vq jvjwenvix mvwnZÅPPÆvq gGbvwbGek KGib| ‰ DGóGkÅ wZwb
wbGRi AwfæZvi wfwîGZ Z^Å msMÉn KGib ‰es Bengal Peasant Life (1874)
I Folk
Tales of Bengal (1875) bvGg `ywU Mɯ© iPbv KGib| `ywU Mɯ©B
ˆ`kxq ‰es BDGivcxq wkwÞZ mgvGRi mcÉksm `†wÓ¡ AvKlÆY KGi| jvjwenvixi
cƒGeÆ Avi ˆKvb evOvwj ˆjLK MÉvgxY RbMY ‰es ZvG`i Rxebaviv mÁ·GKÆ ‰gb
cƒYÆvã I cÉvgvwYK wPò ZzGj aiGZ cvGib wb| ˆmmgq Rwg`vi-cÉRv mÁ·GKÆi
AebwZ NUwQj ‰es Zv weG`ËvGni i…c aviY KiwQj| jvjwenvixi Bengal
Peasant Life MÉG¯© ‰B weÞzº¬ MÉvgxY RxeGbiB ‰K evÕ¦e wPò AwâZ nGqGQ|
evsjvi wewf®² AçGj K‡lKiv ˆKb weG`Ëvnx AvPiY KiwQj Zvi KviYI PgrKvifvGe
cÉwZdwjZ nGqGQ ‰ MÉG¯©|
jvjwenvix
ˆ`’i `ywU weLÅvZ DcbÅvm P±`ÊgyLx (1859) ‰es ˆMvwe±`
mvg¯¦ Bengal
Peasant Life ˆ^GK welqeÕ§ wbGq iwPZ| ‰GZ Rwg`vi KZƆK K‡lK-AZÅvPvGii
wbgÆg Kvwnbx h^v^ÆfvGe wPwòZ nGqGQ| jvjwenvixi cvwíZÅcƒYÆ msKjb Folk Tales of Bengal MÉvgxY mgvGRi mvsÕ•‡wZK HwZnÅ msMÉGn cw^K‡GZi K‡wZZ½
`vwe KGi| evÕ¦weKcGÞ ‰i gvaÅGg wZwb ˆjvKmvwnGZÅi AvaywbK AaÅqGbi c^
myMg KGib, hv AvaywbK evsjv mvwnGZÅi cÉfvGe wejyµ¦ nGq hvwœQj|
wkÞvGÞGò
jvjwenvix ˆ`’i ài‚Z½cƒYÆ Ae`vb nGjv ˆ`kxq fvlvq wkÞv`vb ‰es evsjvGK
wkÞvi gvaÅg wnGmGe MÉnY Kivi cÉÕ¦ve Dïvcb| Zuvi ‰B cÉÕ¦ve AwaKvsk wkwÞZ
evOvwji ˆRvivGjv mg^Æb jvf KGi| wZwb Ai‚GYv`q bvGg ‰KwU cvwÞK
cwòKv cÉKvk KGib hvi ‰KwU bxwZB wQj ˆ`kxq fvlvq wkÞv`vGbi ài‚Z½ mÁ·GKÆ
cÉwZGe`b cÉKvk Kiv| wkÞv mÁ·GKÆ Zuvi ‰B `†wÓ¡fwãi cÉwZ 1882 mvGji wkÞv
Kwgkb (nv´Ÿvi Kwgkb)-‰i `†wÓ¡ AvK‡Ó¡ nq| mgvGRi wbÁ² ˆkÉYxi ˆjvKRbG`i
gGaÅ wkÞvGK RbwcÉq Kivi DGóGkÅ ‰KwU hyGMvcGhvMx wkÞvbxwZ cÉYqGbi `vwqZ½
miKvi KZƆK ‰B KwgkGbi Ici AwcÆZ
nq| AvaywbKgbÕ• jvjwenvix ˆ`-B cÉ^g ‰B wbhÆvwZZ ˆkÉYxi gƒj mgmÅvi KviY
Abym®¬vb KGib ‰es Zvi mgvavGbiI c^ wbG`Æk KGib|
jvjwenvix
wQGjb Rwg`vwi cÉ^vi weGivax| K‡lKG`i `y`Ækv mÁ·GKÆ Zuvi iPbvewj ZuviB
mgKvjxb `yB cÉwZfvai ˆjLK ewâgP±`Ê PGëvcvaÅvq ‰es wKGkvixPuv`
wgGòi wP¯¦vRMZGK cÉfvweZ KGiwQj| Zuviv `yRGbB K‡lKG`i mgmÅv mÁ·GKÆ Þziavi
ˆjLv cÉKvk KGib| ZuvG`i gZvgZ 1880 mvGji ˆi´Ÿ KwgkGbi wiGcvUÆGK eÅvcKfvGe
cÉfvweZ KGi| ‰i dGj 1885 mvGji ˆeãj jÅv´£ ˆUbÅvbwm AÅvÙ KvhÆKi nq, hv
evsjvi K‡lKG`i Õ¼v^Æ iÞvi ‘gÅvMbv KvUÆv’ bvGg cwiwPZ| 1894 mvGji 28
AGÙvei jvjwenvixi g†ZzÅ nq| [wmivRyj
Bmjvg]