ggZvRyi ingvb Zid`vi (1928-1997)  ‰KRb RvZxqZvev`x HwZnvwmK| eàov ˆRjvi ˆgNMvQv MÉvGg 1928 mvGji 1 AvMÕ¡ R¯ÃMÉnYKvix Zid`vi Zuvi wbR ˆRjvGZB cÉv^wgK I gvaÅwgK Õ•zGji cov÷bv mÁ·®² KGib| 1947 mvGj cov÷bvi DGóGkÅ eàov ˆQGo wZwb XvKv AvGmb ‰es XvKv wek¼we`Åvjq ˆ^GK 1949 mvGj we.‰É, 1951 mvGj BmjvGgi BwZnvm I msÕ•‡wZ welGq ‰g.‰É cvm KGib| 1961 mvGj wZwb ‰KB wek¼we`Åvjq ˆ^GK wc-‰BP.wW wWwMÉ ARÆb KGib| Zid`vi gyw´ÖMé ˆRjvi niMãv KGjGR 1952 mvGj ˆjKPvivi wnGmGe ˆhvM ˆ`b| ‰K eQGii gGaÅB wZwb XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi wbGRi wefvGM ˆhvM`vGbi RbÅ niMãv KGjGRi PvKwi ZÅvM KGib| 1997 mvGji 31 RyjvB g†ZzÅi cƒeÆ chƯ¦ wZwb RxeGbi ˆewki fvM mgqB wkÞKZv I MGelYvq wbGqvwRZ ˆ^GKGQb| ‰B `xNÆ I K‡wZZ½cƒYÆ PvKwi RxeGb wZwb weËGUGbi bywdΣ dvDG´£kb (1972-1974), AvGgwiKvi WvinvgÕ© wWDK BDwbfvwmÆwU (1996) ‰es XvKvÕ© evsjv ‰KvGWgx (1997) I eãxq wk͸Kjv PPÆvi Av¯¦RÆvwZK ˆKG±`Êi (1997) ˆdGjvwkc jvf KGib| 1977 mvGj evsjv ‰KvGWgx ZuvGK mvwnZÅ c`K cÉ`vb KGi|

Zid`vGii wc-‰BP.wW Awfm±`GfÆi RbÅ iwPZ ‘ˆnvGmbkvnx ˆeãj’ evOvwj RvwZ MVGbi RbÅ AZů¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ wnGmGe weGewPZ evsjvi BwZnvGmi ‰K weGkl mgqKvGji Dci cÉYxZ meGPGq cÉvgvYÅ Mɯ©| ‰ MÉG¯© ZrKvjxb mgGqi cÉkvmb, A^ÆbxwZ, mvwnZÅ, wk͸Kjv, Õ©vcZÅ I agÆ mÁ·GKÆ weÕ¦vwiZ AvGjvPbv iGqGQ| ˆh mKj wP¯¦v-ˆPZbv ˆjLGKi evwK Rxeb AvweÓ¡ KGi, Zv ‰àwji gGaÅB ö…YveÕ©vq wbwnZ wQj| wZwb wek¼vm KiGZb ˆh, BwZnvGmi `vwqZ½ nGœQ AZxGZi Z^Å mieivn Kiv, hvGZ eZÆgvb ˆevaMgÅ nq| mgKvjxb mgvGRi AÕ¼wÕ¦Ki cwiwÕ©wZ ZuvGK wePwjZ KGi ˆZvGj| wZwb HwZnvwmK ˆcÉÞvcGU mgmvgwqK evOvwj eÅwî×mî½vi Õ©vb wbaÆviGY ‰es evOvwj RvZxqZvevG`i cÉK‡wZ I ˆkKo Abym®¬vGb eËZ nb| MGelYvi RbÅ wZwb ˆnvGmbkvnx hyMGK ˆeGQ ˆbb, ˆKbbv wZwb wek¼vm KiGZb ˆh, RvwZ MVb cÉwò×qvq ‰ hyM ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb KGiGQ|

ggZvRyi ingvb Zid`vi

ˆhvMÅZvi mGã chÆvµ¦ cwigvGY MGelYv DcKiY eÅenvGi cviãg Zid`vGii wQj wewf®² aGgÆi gGaÅ, weGkl KGi ˆjvKR I cÉPwjZ wbqgvbyM bq ‰gb chÆvGq, WvBbÅvwgK mÁ·KÆ Abym®¬vGb AmvÁcÉ`vwqK gGbvfve| wZwb evOvwji eÕ§MZ msÕ•‡wZ AbyaveGbi RbÅ mvwnZÅ, cÉðZî½, Õ©vcZÅ, wPòKjv I fvÕ•hÆ wbGq MGelYv KGib|

1995 mvGj XvKv ˆ^GK cÉKvwkZ ˆUÇW, ˆUKGbvjRx AÅv´£ ˆmvmvBwU Bb ˆgwWBfÅvj ˆeãj MÉG¯© A¯¦fzÆî× cÉe®¬àwj gaÅhyGM evsjvi A^Æ‹bwZK BwZnvGmi wewf®² welGqi Ici AvGjvKcvZ KGi| mvwnZÅ, agÆ I wewf®² BmyÅwfwîK Zuvi AbÅvbÅ MGelYvejx msÕ•‡wZ I RvZxqZvev`, Av^Æ-mvgvwRK BwZnvm I BwZnvm PPÆvi mgmÅv wbGq AvGjvPbv KGi|

AaÅvcK Zid`vGii evsjv ˆivgvw´ŸK KvGeÅi wnw±`-AvDwa cUf„wg nGœQ PZz`Æk ˆ^GK ˆlvok kZvõxi wnw±` KveÅ ‰es mµ¦`k I AÓ¡v`k kZvõxi evOvwj wn±`y I gymjgvb KweG`i «¼viv AbyKiYK‡Z Mɯ©àwji ‰KwU ZzjbvgƒjK AvGjvPbv| ‰ mKj wnw±` Kwei gvbexq àYvejxGZ AvK‡Ó¡ nGq Zid`vi ZuvG`iGK AvaywbK AmvÁcÉ`vwqK evOvwj mvwnwZÅKG`i cƒeÆmƒix wnGmGe DœPvmb `vb KGib| wZwb Abyev`mn wnw±` KweZv ˆ^GK D`vniY ˆ`b ‰es evsjv KweZvi mGã ZvG`i mÁ·KÆ eÅvLÅv KGib| ‰àwji Drcwî Abym®¬vGbi RbÅ wZwb ˆMvUv fviZ, ‰gbwK fviGZi evBGii mvwnGZÅi cÉwZI bRi ˆ`b ‰es dviwm, Aviwe, wMÉK I BUvjxq KvGeÅi mÁ¿veÅ DrGmi mGã wnw±` KvGeÅi Zzjbv KGib|

ggZvRy ingvb Zuvi ‘`Å KvjPvivj AvBGWw´ŸwU Ae ˆeãwj gymwjgm AÅvR wiGdÑKGUW Bb ˆgwWBfÅvj ˆeãwj wjUvGiPvi’ cÉeG®¬ 1204 mvGj ZzwKÆ AwfhvGbi ci gymwjg ‰wjU ˆkÉYx MVb mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvPbv KGib| cÉ^g wZb kZvõx eÅvcx gymwjg ‰wjU ˆkÉYx wQj weG`kx| Zviv bMiGK±`ÊàwjGZ emevm KiGZb ‰es eÅenvi KiGZb ˆKej Aviwe I dviwm fvlv| ZuvG`i wkÞv MÉvgvçGji agÆv¯¦wiZ msLÅvMwiÓ¤ gvbyGli KvGQ ˆcuŒQZ bv, ˆKbbv Zviv evsjv eÅZxZ Aci ˆKvb fvlv RvbZ bv| ˆlvok kZvõxi ˆkl w`GK evsjv fvlvq eÅvcKfvGe mydx mvwnGZÅi PPÆv ÷i‚ nGj Zvi gaÅ w`Gq ˆ`kxq gymjgvb eyw«¬Rxex ˆkÉYx mÁ·GKÆ Rvbv mÁ¿e nq| ‰ mydx mvwnGZÅi PPÆv nGZv cÉavbZ PëMÉvg-ˆbvqvLvjx-KzwgÍÏv AçGj, ˆh Açj wQj ˆek KGqK kZK aGi wewf®² RvwZGMvÓ¤xi wgjb-wgkÉGYi RbÅ LÅvZ| Šmq` myjZvb, gynvÁÃ` Lvb, ˆkL Puv`, kvn gynÁÃ` mMxi, ˆ`ŒjZ IqvwRi evnivg, kvn ewi` Lvb cÉgyL Kwe hw`I ‰G`Gk wQGjb AwfevwmZ, Z^vwcI Zuviv evsjv, Aviwe I dviwm fvlvq Mfxi ævbmÁ·®² wQGjb| ZuvG`i KweZvq evsjvi AveGn bexRx (mvt)-‰i Rxeb, Bmjvwg wKse`¯¦x ‰es ˆcÉGgvcvLÅvb Õ©vb cvq|

fvlvi wfwîGZ evOvwj RvwZ MVGbi ˆÞGò ‰ AeÕ©v AZů¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb KGi| ewnivMZ I Õ©vbxq gymjgvb ‰es ˆ`kxq ˆeŒ«¬ I wn±`yi mg¯¼qagÆx msÕ•‡wZi Dcv`vbmgƒGni cÉgvY cvIqv hvq ZrKvjxb mvwnZÅ (agÆxq ‰es agÆwbiGcÞ Dfq cÉKvi) ‰es Õ©vcZÅ KGgÆ| mydx cwievGii m`mÅG`i ˆKD ˆKD axGi axGi eskvbyò×wgK cxi ‰es AbÅiv f„mÁ·wîi AwaKvix nGq mvaviY RbMGYi Ici cÉfve weÕ¦vi KGi| AaÅvcK Zid`vi wm«¬vG¯¦ DcbxZ nb ˆh, evOvwj gymjgvbG`i AvZÄcwiPq MVb cÉwò×qvq gvivZÄK AebwZ NGU ZLb, hLb ‰ mKj mydx cwieviGK nxb AeÕ©vGb ˆVGj ˆ`Iqv nq| cÉ^gZ ewnivMZ AvkivdG`i (‰wjU) ò×gv¯¼Gq evsjvq AvMgb ‰es w«¼ZxqZ Dwbk kZGKi msÕ•vi AvG±`vjGbi gvaÅGg ‰ cwiwÕ©wZi D«¿e nq|

mvÁcÉ`vwqKZvi DïvGbi gvaÅGg wek kZGK RvwZ MVb cÉwò×qv cybivq evavMÉÕ© nq| ‰ RvwZi ò×gweKvGki Z^Å msMÉnKvix ‰KRb AmvÁcÉ`vwqK RvZxqZvev`x HwZnvmwK wnGmGe Zid`vi ˆLv` evsjvG`GkB mvÁcÉ`vwqKZvi gvaÅGg m†Ó¡ mvsÕ•‡wZK msKU «¼viv evavMÉÕ© nb| RvZxqZvevG`i mGã mivmwi mÁ·†î× ˆek wKQy evsjv cÉeG®¬ wZwb ‰ mgmÅv AbyaveGbi I ‰i mGã AvGcvGmi ˆPÓ¡v KGib| ‰ mKj cÉeG®¬i gGaÅ ‰GKevGi cÉ^g w`GK evsjvG`Gki Õ¼vaxbZv hy«¬ ÷i‚i cƒeÆ gynƒGZÆ 1971 mvGj wZwb iPbv KGib ‘RvZxq ˆPZbv I gaÅweî ˆkÉYxi f„wgKv’ kxlÆK cÉe®¬| ‰ cÉeG®¬ evOvwj RvwZi mvgvwRK I mvsÕ•‡wZK ‰es A^Æ‹bwZK I ivR‹bwZK wfwîi webÅvm ‰es evOvwj gaÅweî ˆkÉYxi Pwiò wbaÆviGYi ˆPÓ¡v Kiv nq|

BwZnvGmi Kvj wefvRGbi ˆÞGòI Zid`vGii agÆwbiGcÞ gvbwmKZvi cÉwZdjb NGU| A^Æ‹bwZK KgÆKvGíi gvaÅGg mƒwPZ mvgvwRK cwieZÆGbi wfwîGZ wZwb cÉvPxb hyM, gaÅ hyM I AvaywbK hyM BZÅvw` i…Gc Kvj wefvRGbi cÞvejÁ¼b KGib| ‰KB mGã wZwb mvÁcÉ`vwqK wfwîGZ Kvj wbaÆviY, ˆhgb wn±`y/ˆeŒ«¬, gymwjg ‰es weËwUk Avgj BZÅvw` wnGmGe Kvj wefvRGbi ixwZi wecGÞ gZ cÉKvk KGib| wek kZGKi RvZxqZvev`x HwZnvwmKMY ˆhgb ivLvj`vm eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq , iGgkP±`Ê gRyg`vi , nicÉmv` kvÕ¨x cÉgyL fviZxq BwZnvm eYÆbvq mÁcÉ`vqwfwîK Kvj wefvRGbi cGÞ wQGjb| Zid`vi hywî× ˆ`b ˆh, kvmGKi ˆKej agÆxq wek¼vGmi cwieZÆbB ‰K AeÕ©v ˆ^GK Aci AeÕ©vq i…cv¯¦Gii ò×vw¯¦KvjGK wbG`Æk KGi bv; eis A^Æ‹bwZK I mvsÕ•‡wZK AãGb AviI ài‚Z½cƒYÆ cv^ÆKÅ mƒPxZ nIqv ˆ^GKB ò×vw¯¦KvjGK mywbw`ÆÓ¡ Kiv hvq|  [cvifxb nvmvb]