grmÅ Drcv`b
evsjvG`Gki K‡wli cÉavb LvZmgƒGni
‰KwU nGjv gvQ I AbÅvbÅ RjR Rxe| AmsLÅ b`x-bvjv, nvIi, wej, nË` I DGÍÏLGhvMÅ
cwigvY µÏvebf„wg Õ¼v`ycvwbi gvGQi cÉvK‡wZK Avevm| AZxGZ grmÅ msò×v¯¦
wkÞv I MGelYvi cÉGqvRbxqZv Lye KgB Abyf„Z nGqGQ, KviY ˆ`Gki RbmsLÅv
wQj Kg, gvQ wQj cÉPzi| eZÆgvGb grmÅ cywÓ¡, KgÆmsÕ©vb I ŠeG`wkK gy`Ëv
ARÆGb ‰KwU cÉavb f„wgKv ivLGQ| ˆgvU cÉvwYR Avwgl mieivGni cÉvq 60% AvGm
gvQ ˆ^GK ‰es cÉvq 20 jÞ gvbyl grmÅ Drcv`b I wecYGbi mGã cÉZÅÞfvGe RwoZ|
AviI cÉvq ‰K ˆKvwU 10 jÞ gvbyGli RxweKv cGivÞfvGe grmÅLvGZi mGã mÁ·†î×|
1996-97 mvGj ˆgvU Drcv`Gbi cwigvY wQj 13,73,000 ˆg Ub; ‰i gGaÅ Õ¼v`ycvwbi
grmÅ 10,79,000 ˆg Ub ‰es mvgyw`ËK 2,94,000 ˆg Ub| MZ 7 eQGi grmÅLvZ
e†w«¬ ˆcGqGQ MGo 6.5% nvGi, hv ewaÆZ Pvwn`vi Zzjbvq Kg; AekÅ eZÆgvGb
grmÅ Drcv`b e†w«¬i nvi cÉwZeQi kZKiv cÉvq AvU fvM| wbGÁ² evsjvG`Gki
grmÅ I grmÅmÁ·` welqK KGqKwU cÉe®¬ DcÕ©vwcZ nGjv|
BwZnvm gvbe BwZnvGmi ‰GKevGi Avw`KvGjI gvQ gvbyGli Lv`Å wnGmGe RbwcÉq wQj|
gvGQi ˆckxKjvq ev AvwgGl 60-82% cvwb, 13-20% ˆcÉvwUb ‰es Kg ˆewk PweÆ
^vGK| ‰àwji RbÅB gvQ DcvG`q Lv`Å ‰es ˆKej evsjvG`Gki gvbyGliB bq, c†w^exi
eü RvwZi KvGQI|
ÕÃiYvZxZKvj ˆ^GK evsjvi gvbyl
LvG`Åi RbÅ cÉK‡wZi ‰B `vb AvniY KiGQ| D¯Ãyî× RjvkGq gvQ aiv ˆhb ‰K aiGbi
wkKvi| evÕ¦weKB, gvQ aiv K‡wl KvGRi ˆPGqI cyivGbv ‰es gvQ meÆ`vB gvbylGK
myÕ¼v`y I DœPgvGbi ˆcÉvwUb mieivGn ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv cvjb KiGQ| cÉK‡wZ
cÉ`î I cÉavb AvnvhÆ weavq HwZnÅMZfvGe ‰B ˆ`Gki gvbylGK ‘gvGQ fvGZ evOvwj’
eGj AwfwnZ Kiv nq|
dÌvw´Öm nÅvwgjUGbi (Hamilton, 1822) MGelYv ˆ^GKB evsjvG`Gki Õ¼v`ycvwbi grmÅKzj
mÁ·GKÆ Rvbvi mƒòcvZ NGU| dÌvw´Öm ˆW 1878 mvGj DcgnvG`Gki mvgyw`ËK I
Õ¼v`ycvwbi gvQ mÁ·GKÆ ‰KwU weeiY cÉKvk KGib| cieZÆxKvGj eü MGelYvKgÆ
cƒeÆevsjv Z^v eZÆgvb evsjvG`Gki grmÅ I grmÅPvl welqK ævbGK mg†«¬ KGiGQ|
mvGeK evsjvi ivRÕ¼ ˆevGWÆi
m`mÅ ˆK.wR ൦ KZ‡ÆK 1908 mvGj cÉG`Gki grmÅ LvGZi mÁ¿vebv welGq cÉ^g
Abym®¬vbKvhÆ cwiPvjbvi dGjB grmÅ Awa`µ¦i MwVZ nq ‰es cGi 1910 mvGj Zv
K‡wl wefvGMi Aãxf„Z nq| 1917 mvGj grmÅ wefvM Avjv`v Kiv nGjI ˆhvMÅ ˆjvKeGji
AfvGe evsjvi eÅqmGâvPb KwgwUi
(Bengal
Retrenchment Committee)
mycvwikò×Gg 1923 mvGj ‰wU wejyµ¦ Kiv nq| AekÅ, gv`ËvGRi (eZÆgvb ˆP®²vB)
‰g. Avi bvBWzi mycvwiGk 1941 mvGj evsjvi grmÅmÁ·G`i D®²qbKG͸ grmÅ wefvM
cybtcÉwZwÓ¤Z nq|
evsjvi `wÞY I `wÞY-cƒeÆ DcK„jxq
AçGj 1940 mvj ˆ^GKB wPswoPvl PjGQ| PvlK‡Z wPswoi cÉavb ˆò×Zv wQj KjKvZvi
evRvi| fviZ wefwî×i ci evsjvG`Gki wPswo Pvlxiv KjKvZvi evRvi nvivq ‰es
wPswoPvl ò×Gg ˆjvc ˆcGZ ^vGK| cieZÆx mgGq wesk kZvõxi mîGii `kGK wek¼evRvGi
wPswoi Pvwn`v e†w«¬ ˆcGj Lyjbv, evGMinvU, mvZÞxiv, KÝevRvi cÉf‡wZ ‰jvKvq
Avevi wPswoPvl ÷i‚ nq| avbGÞGZ gvQPvl evsjvi cyivGbv cÉ^v| AekÅ, avbGÞGZ
KxUbvkK eÅenvi mÁ·ÉwZ gvQPvGl eo evav m†wÓ¡ KiGQ|
grmÅ AvevmÕ©j (Fish habitats) wbw`ÆÓ¡ AvevmÕ©Gj
AwfGhvwRZ nIqvi KviGY gvQGK Õ¼v`ycvwbi, ռ͸ ˆjvbvcvwbi, mvgyw`ËK I
cwihvqx BZÅvw` evÕ§msÕ©vwbK `Gj fvM Kiv nGqGQ| Õ¼v`ycvwbi gvQ meÆ`vB
Õ¼v`y cvwbGZ evm KGi| ռ͸Gjvbvcvwbi gvQ mgyG`Ëi ռ͸jeYvî× Açj I b`xi
ˆgvnbvi evwm±`v| mvgyw`ËK gvQ mgyG`Ëi cvwbGZ ^vGK ‰es gnvmvMGii D¯Ãyî×
Rjivwki c†Ó¤fvGM ev DcK„jxq ˆjvbvcvwbGZ emevm KiGZ cvGi| cwihvqx gvQ
cÉRbGbi RbÅ mgyG`Ëi ˆjvbvcvwb ˆ^GK Õ¼v`ycvwbGZ (Bwjk,
Tenualosa ilisha)
A^ev Õ¼v`ycvwb ˆ^GK mgyG`Ëi ˆjvbv cvwbGZ hvq| (evBg, Anguilla bengalensis)|
cÉavb b`xàwj (c«Âv, ˆgNbv,
hgybv I eËþcyò) evsjvG`Gki Dci w`Gq mgyG`Ë wMGq wgGkGQ| eü b`x I ZvG`i
kvLv-cÉkvLv mvivG`Gk RvGji bÅvq weÕ¦‡Z| evsjvG`Gki cÉvq 54wUi cvwb fviGZi
mGã ˆhŒ^fvGe eÅenvi KiGZ nq| wek¼ eÅvsK 1991 mvGj ‰K cÉwZGe`Gb DGÍÏL
KGi ˆh, gvGQi djb I cwigvY e†w«¬i RbÅ evsjvG`Gk cvwbmÁ·`mn (b`x, µÏvebf„wg,
cyKzi, wej, evIo I my`xNÆ DcK„j) Dchyî× Rjevqy I cwiGek iGqGQ| elÆvKvGj
b`xi K„j DcPvGbv cvwbGZ cÉvK‡wZK Lv` I mgf„wg, wbPz Rwg, e«¼xc I Pivçj
WzGe wMGq ciÕ·Gii mGã wgGk ‰K Afů¦ixY mgy`Ë MGo ˆZvGj| Avevi ÷KGbv
ˆgŒmyGg AwaKvsk b`x ÷wKGq LyeB ˆQvU nGq hvq ‰es AwaKvsk cyKzi axGi axGi
wejxb nGq cGo|
meàwj b`xi MwZcG^B iGqGQ weÕ¦‡Z
µÏvebf„wg| Lvj «¼viv hyî× b`x, µÏvebf„wg I cÉvK‡wZK wbÁ²f„wgGZ (wej
I nvIimn) evsjvG`Gk Afů¦ixY grmÅ Drcv`b ‰KwU mgw¯¼Z eÅeÕ©v| µÏvebf„wgàwj
gvGQi wecyj msLÅK ˆcvbv Drcv`Gb cywÓ¡mg†«¬ bvmÆvwii f„wgKv cvjb KGi|
evsjvG`Gk ebÅv wbq¯¨Y, Lvj
Lbb I ˆmP cÉKG͸i RbÅ eÅvcK cvwb I f„wg msÕ•vGii DG`ÅvM MÉnY Kiv nGqGQ|
dGj ˆ`Gki Rjvavi I f„`†GkÅi AGbK cwieZÆb NGUGQ| ebÅvi wecyj cwigvY cvwbi
a»smvñK kwî×i cÉkgb AvekÅK wQj| wK¯§ ‰wU evsjvG`Gki RjR cÉvYx I Dw«¿`KzGji
cÉvK‡wZK AvevmÕ©j I evÕ§msÕ©vGbi cwieZÆb I i…cv¯¦i NwUGqGQ| ‰me KgÆKví
BGZvgGaÅB gvQ I AbÅvbÅ RxemÁ·G`i Ici wei…c cÉfve ˆdGjGQ| lvGUi `kGK
ˆgvU µÏvebf„wgi cwigvY wQj cÉvq 63 jÞ ˆnÙi, 1985 mvGj Zv nËvm ˆcGq `uvovq
cÉvq 54 jÞ ˆnÙGi ‰es Avwki `kGKi ˆkGl AviI nËvm ˆcGq `uvovq gvò 28 jÞ
ˆnÙGi| RjR AvevmÕ©j ÞwZMÉÕ¦ nIqvq gvGQi Drcv`bI KGg AvGm| gvGQi Ici
ebÅv wbq¯¨Y cÉKG͸i cÉfve wbÁ²i…c: gvGQi AvevmÕ©Gji ÞwZi `i‚b gvGQi
AvniGY NvUwZ, cÉwZ ‰KK Õ©vGb gvQ aivi cwigvY nËvm, gvGQi NbZ½/cÉvPzhÆ
nËvm, ˆewk gvQ AvniGYi ˆPÓ¡v, Rxe‹ewPòÅ nËvm, cwihvqx gvGQi msLÅv I
gvGQi wePiGYi msLÅv nËvm, ˆRGjG`i mÁ·É`vqMZ cwiKvVvGgvq fvOb, ˆiàGjUimgƒGn
AwaK gvQ AvniGYi KviGY gvGQi AwfcÉqvGYi myGhvM nËvm, grmÅmÁ·` e†w«¬i
myGhvM nËvm BZÅvw`|
b`x, µÏvebf„wg, wej ‰es nvIi
QvovI evIo bvGgi AGbKàwj Rjvkq iGqGQ weGklZ evsjvG`Gki `wÞY-cwøg AçGji
hGkvi I Lyjbv ˆRjvq| gƒj b`x ˆ^GK b`xi euvK wewœQ®² nGq m†Ó¡ c†^K Rjvkq
evIGo cwiYZ nq|
‰K wekvj Rjvkq Kvµ¦vB nËG`i
AvqZb cÉvq 68,800 ˆnÙi| cvwbwe`yÅr Drcv`Gbi RbÅ cçvGki `kGK cveÆZÅ PëMÉvGgi
Kvµ¦vBGq KYÆdzwj b`xi Dci euva w`Gq ‰ nË` ŠZwi Kiv nq| evsjvG`Gk gvbyGli
ŠZwi ‰wUB Õ¼v`ycvwbi e†nîg Rjvavi, hv gyî× cvwbeÅeÕ©vi mGã hyî× bq|
grmÅmÁ·` D®²qGb ‰B nËG`i wecyj mÁ¿vebv iGqGQ|
‰Qvov iGqGQ cÉvq 12,88,222
cyKzi, hvi ˆgvU RjfvGMi AvqZb cÉvq 1,46,890 ˆnÙi ‰es cÉwZwU cyKzGii
Mo AvqZb 0.11 ˆnÙi| cyKziàwj ˆQvU (0.01 ˆnÙGii Kg), gvSvwi (0.1-0.6
ˆnÙi) I eo (0.6 ˆnÙGii AwaK) ‰B wZb ˆkÉYxGZ wefî×| cyKziàwji AbÅ ˆkÉYxwefvRb
nGjv: 1. gvQPvlK‡Z cyKzi: ˆhme cyKzGi gvGQi ˆcvbv Qvov nq; 2. PvlGhvMÅ:
ˆhme cyKzGi gvGQi ˆcvbv Qvov nq bv; ‰es 3. cwiZÅî× cyKzi: ˆhme cyKzi
gvQPvGli Dchyî× bq| wewf®² ˆRjvq ˆkÉYx AbymvGi cyKzGii webÅvmI wewf®²|
RvZxq chÆvGq cÉvq 46% cyKzGi (cyKzGii ˆgvU AvqZGbi 52%) gvQPvl nq| ev`evwK
cyKzi gvQPvGli Abychyî×, cwiZÅî× ev wbÁ² Drcv`bÞg| me cyKziB bvbvfvGe
eÅen…Z nq 63% ˆavIqv-ˆMvmj, 25% gƒjZ gvQ aiv, 7% cÉavbZ ˆmP ‰es 5% cyKzi
AbÅvbÅ DGóGkÅ eÅen…Z nq|
evsjvG`Gki `wÞY mxgvbv RyGo
iGqGQ eGãvcmvMi| ˆ`Gki DcK„j ˆiLv cÉvq 480 wKGjvwgUvi `xNÆ| ˆ`Gki A^Æ‹bwZK
Rjmxgv ‰jvKv
(Exclusive
Economic Zone)
wnGmGe mgy`Ëmxgvi AvqZb cÉvq 1,25,000 eMÆ wKGjvwgUvi| ‰w`K ˆ^GK ‰jvKv
ˆek eo, ZGe mxwgZ mÁ·` w`Gq ‰i ˆUKmB Drcv`b AeÅvnZ ivLvi RbÅ cÉGqvRb
h^v^Æ Abym®¬vb, AvniY, msiÞY I eÅeÕ©vcbv| eGãvcmvMGi wZbwU e†nr grmÅ
AvniY AçGji m®¬vb cvIqv ˆMGQ: 1. `wÞYvçj (6200 eMÆ wKwg) 2050 Dîi-2140
Dîi ‰es 91 cƒeÆ-91-‰i gaÅeZÆx; 2. gaÅvçj (4,600 eMÆ wKwg) 2050 Dîi-2120
Dîi ‰es 90 cƒeÆ-91-‰i gaÅeZÆx; ‰es 3. ˆmvqvP Ae ˆbv MÉvD´£ (3,800 eMÆ
wKwg) 21 Dîi-2140 Dîi ‰es 89 cƒeÆ- 90 ‰i gaÅeZÆx| ‰B wZbwU grmÅ AvniY
AçGji gGaÅ `wÞYvçj AwaK Drcv`bkxj, cÉwZ eMÆ wKGjvwgUvGi gRyG`i cwigvY
AvbygvwbK 11.4-16 ˆg Ub, ZviciB ˆmvqvP Ae ˆbv MÉvD´£ ˆhLvGb gRy` 10.2-14.4
ˆg Ub ‰es gaÅvçGj gRy` 8.4-12 ˆg Ub| `wÞYvçGji AwaKvsk ‰jvKv I ˆmvqvP
Ae ˆbv MÉvD´£ KÝevRvi ˆ^GK h^vò×Gg 112 wKwg I 19-24 wKwg `ƒiGZ½i gGaÅ
iGqGQ| ˆMvUv gaÅvçj, `wÞYvçGji AGaÆK I ˆmvqvP Ae ˆbv MÉvD´£-‰i `yB-Z‡Zxqvsk
MjvwPcvi 129 wKwg eÅvmvaÆ wNGi iGqGQ| ‰GZ ˆ`Lv hvq wZbwU grmÅ Açj, A¯¦Z
AskZ, ˆQvU cuywRi ˆRGjG`i AvIZvfzî×, hvG`i iGqGQ mvaviYZ 15-33 Ak¼kwî×i
Bwéb jvMvGbv 9-15 wgUvi `xNÆ ˆbŒKv| eGãvcmvMGi eQGi cÉvq 1,57,000 ˆg
UGbi ˆewk gvQ I wPswo Drcv`b mÁ¿e eGj aviYv Kiv hvq|
mviwY 1 evsjvG`Gki wewf®² aiGbi RjvkGqi AvqZb
| ˆÞò |
Afů¦ixY grmÅGÞGòi
RjfvGMi AvqZb (ˆnÙi |
| grmÅmÁ·`
AvniY Aaxb RjfvM (1992-93) |
|
| b`x
I ˆgvnbv (my±`ieb Qvov) |
10,31,563 |
| µÏvebf„wg |
28,32,792 |
| wej |
1,14,161 |
| Kvµ¦vB
nË` |
68,800 |
| ˆgvU |
40,47,316 |
| PvlK‡Z
grmÅGÞò (1992-93) |
|
| cyKzi |
1,46,890 |
| evIo |
5,488 |
| wPswo
Lvgvi |
1,08,280 |
| ˆgvU |
2,60,658 |
| ˆgvU Afů¦ixY Rjvkq |
43,07,974 |
grmÅmÁ·` (Fisheries resources) evsjvG`Gki
eÅvcK mgy`Ë I Afů¦ixY D¯Ãyî× Õ¼v`ycvwbGZ wPswo, jeÕ¡vi I AbÅvbÅ ò×vmGUwmqvbRvZxq
(Crustaceans) cÉvYx, ˆhgb kvgyK, wSbyK (Molluscs), KœQc I bvbv aiGbi gvQmn chÆvµ¦ grmÅmÁ·` iGqGQ|
evsjvG`Gk 1995 mvGj cÉvq 11,72,800 ˆg Ub (grmÅ Awa`µ¦i, 1995) gvQ Drc®²
nq| meÆGgvU Drc®² gvGQi cÉvq 73% wQj Afů¦ixY D¯Ãyî× cvwbi gvQ|
c†w^exi Afů¦ixY gvQ I wPswo
Drcv`Gbi ˆÞGò evsjvG`k 1987 mvGj Pxb I fviGZi ci Z‡Zxq Õ©vGb wQj ‰es
5,81,827 ˆg Ub gvQ I wPswo Drcv`b KGiwQj
(FAO, 1987)| ˆevSv hvq, evsjvG`Gki A^ÆbxwZGZ grmÅmÁ·G`i
‰KwU ài‚Z½cƒYÆ f„wgKv iGqGQ| ‰wU wRwWwc-i 4.7%, iµ¦vwb AvGqi (1995-96)
9.1%, ˆcÉvwUb mieivGni 6% ‰es RbmgwÓ¡i MÉnYxq cÉvwYR ˆcÉvwUGbi cÉvq
80% ˆhvMvb ˆ`q| wK¯§ RbmsLÅv e†w«¬i RbÅ 1965-66 mvGj Š`wbK gv^vwcQy
MÉnYK‡Z gvGQi cwigvY ˆhLvGb wQj 36 MÉvg, 1996 mvGj Zv nËvm ˆcGq `uvovq
20.5 MÉvGg, A^P Š`wbK gv^vwcQy gvGQi cÉGqvRb A¯¦Z 38 MÉvg|
grmÅLvZ cÉvq 20 jÞ ˆjvGKi cƒYÆ
mgGqi RbÅ KgÆmsÕ©vb KiGQ, hv ˆ`Gki ˆgvU KgÆmsÕ©vGbi cÉvq 7%| ‰G`i gGaÅ
14 jÞ ˆjvK gvQaiv I gvQPvGl wbhyî× ‰es evwKiv gvQ cwienY, wecYb, cÅvwKs
I cÉwò×qvKiY KvGR wbhyî×| Dci¯§, AviI cÉvq 1 ˆKvwU 10 jÞ gvbyl ˆgŒmywg
ev LíKvjxb gvQaiv A^ev gvQ mÁ·wKÆZ AbÅvbÅ mnvqK KgÆKvGíi mGã mÁ·†î×|
Õ¼v`ycvwbi grmÅmÁ·` evsjvG`Gki gvbyGli KvGQ mvgyyw`ËK gvGQi ˆPGq Õ¼v`ycvwbi gvQB AwaK
cQ±`| Afů¦ixY gyî× Rjvkq ˆ^GK gvQ AvniGYi cwigvY KgGQ, A^P evoGQ Pvwn`v|
b`x I ˆgvnbv (my±`ieb Açj Qvov) ˆ^GK AvniYK‡Z gvGQi cwigvY 1983-84 mvGji
2,07,766 ˆg Ub ˆ^GK 1989-90 I 1992-93 mvGj h^vò×Gg 1,73,450 ˆg Ub I
1,38,746 ˆg UGb ˆbGg AvGm| eËþcyò, c«Âv I ˆgNbvi DRvGbi eo RvGZi KvcÆgvGQi
(i‚B, KvZjv, g†GMj) DrmàwjGZ NvUwZ ˆ`Lv w`GqGQ eGj aviYv Kiv nq| ‰KBmGã
e«¬RjvkGq gvQ I wPswo Pvl ò×GgB evoGQ 1,17,025 ˆg Ub (1983-84), 1,92,592
ˆg Ub (1989-90) ‰es 2,37,743 ˆg Ub (1992-93)|
mviwY 2 Afů¦ixY RjvkGq gvQ I wPswoi Drcv`b (1987-88)
| gvGQi aib |
Afů¦ixY gvQPvGli aib (ˆg Ub) |
| |
b`-b`x |
my±`ieb |
wej |
µÏvebf„wg |
evIo |
cyKzi |
Kvµ¦vB
nË` |
wPswo
Lvgvi |
| eo RvGZi
KvcÆ |
1187 |
--- |
1355 |
7664 |
475 |
77461 |
231 |
--- |
| weG`kx KvcÆ |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
429 |
7815 |
--- |
--- |
| AbÅvbÅ Kvc |
1024 |
--- |
1587 |
--- |
1 |
2047 |
288 |
--- |
| gvài, wks cÉf‡wZ gvQ |
3352 |
--- |
4397 |
2947 |
1 |
3078 |
415 |
--- |
| ˆkvjRvZxq (Snakehead) |
--- |
--- |
433 |
16511 |
54 |
9698 |
35 |
--- |
| wRIj gvQ |
38 |
--- |
346 |
16092 |
16 |
6665 |
--- |
--- |
| AbÅvbÅ RvGZi
Afů¦ixY gvQ |
81836 |
6297 |
35115 |
125096 |
263 |
41987 |
3117 |
7359 |
| Bwjk |
77577 |
974 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
| wPswo (eo) |
1141 |
540 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
12400 |
| wPswo (ˆQvU) |
17662 |
255 |
2376 |
13725 |
15 |
672 |
--- |
5489 |
| ˆgvU Drcv`b |
183817 |
8066 |
45610 |
182037 |
1254 |
149423 |
4068 |
25248 |
| (kZvsk) |
(30.66) |
(1.35) |
(7.61) |
(30.36) |
(0.21) |
(24.92) |
(0.68) |
(4.21) |
Bwjk meÆvwaK cwigvGY AvniYK‡Z
gvQ| 1987-88 mvGj cyKzGi Drc®² gvGQi cwigvY wQj ‰B mgGq AvniYK‡Z ˆgvU
gvGQi 24.9%| cyKzGi PvlK‡Z gvGQi gGaÅ KvcÆ RvZxq gvQB cÉavb| wewf®²
wej I Kvµ¦vB nËG` Drcvw`Z gvGQi cwigvY h^vò×Gg 7.6% I 6.8%| ‰GZ gvài
I wksRvZxq gvGQi cÉvavbÅ iGqGQ, ZviciB iGqGQ eo I ˆQvURvGZi KvcÆ| Afů¦ixY
ˆgvU msM†nxZ gvGQ wPswoi AskfvM 4.2%| ˆkvjRvZxq (UvwK, ˆkvj, MRvi) I
wRIj (KB, gvài, wks) gƒjZ µÏvebf„wgi gvQ| ZviciB iGqGQ eoRvGZi KvcÆ
I KÅvUwdk| Bwjk cÉavbZ b`-b`x I ˆgvnbv ‰jvKv ˆ^GK aiv nq, wK¯§ wPswo
Kvµ¦vB nË` Qvov KgGewk meÆòB aiv cGo|
Õ¼v`ycvwbi wewea RjvkGq, weGklZ
µÏvebf„wg, b`x I nËG` DGÍÏLGhvMÅ cwigvGY bvbvRvGZi gvQ Drc®² nq| ‰àwjiB
gGaÅ iGqGQ evUv, evBg, ˆeGj, euvkcvZv, evPv, ˆf`v, ˆPIqv, Pv±`v, Pvwcjv,
ˆPjv, wPZj, àZzg, Lwjmv, KvBØv, gjv, dÅvmv, dwj, ˆcvqv, cuywU, wkjs,
Zvcmx, ˆUsiv BZÅvw`| ‰G`i AGbKàwjB ‰Lb ügwKi mÁÃyLxb|
Õ¼v`ycvwbi gvQPvl AviI e†w«¬i
wecyj mÁ¿vebv iGqGQ, ZGe ‰RbÅ cÉGqvRb mgw¯¼Z
PvlcÉYvjx, gvGQi mÁ·ƒiK Lv`Å, ˆ`kx I wec®² gvGQi cÉRbb I PvlGhvMÅ cÉRvwZi
D®²qb, ˆNGi I LuvPvq gvQPvl
(pen
and cage culture),
Mj`v wPswoi D®²Z nÅvPvwi I Pvl| ‰Qvov cÉGqvRb PvlK‡Z gvGQi cÉK‡wZmgƒGni
eskMZ D®²wZ ‰es cwiZÅî× cyKzi, ˆmPLvj, ˆWvev I µÏvebf„wgGZ gvQPvl|
mvgyw`ËK grmÅmÁ·` eGãvcmvMGii 70,000 eMÆ wKGjvwgUvi ‰jvKvi wZbwU grmÅ AvniY ˆÞGòi
(`wÞYfvM, gaÅfvM I ˆmvqvP Ae ˆbv MÉvD´£) gGaÅ `wÞYfvMB AwaK Drcv`bkxj|
eGãvcmvMGii gvGQi gRy` I mGeÆvœP AvniYGhvMÅ gvGQi gRy` wbÁ²i…c:
| gvQ/wPswo (eQi) |
eZÆgvb gRy` (ˆg Ub) |
evrmwiK AvniYGhvMÅ
gvGQi gRy` (ˆg Ub) |
| 1979-82 |
|
|
| K. |
Zjevmx gvQ
(Demersal
fish) |
200,000-250,000 |
100,000-125,000 |
| L. |
DcwifvGM emevmKvix gvQ
(Pelagic
fish) |
160,000-200,000 |
30,000-60,000 |
| M. |
wPswo |
4,000-6,000 |
2,000-3,000 |
| 1996-97 |
|
|
| K. |
Zjevmx gvQ |
150,000-160,000 |
50,000-85,000 |
| L. |
DcwifvGM emevmKvix gvQ
|
90,000-120,000 |
not
estimated |
| M. |
wPswo |
14,000 |
6,500-7,000 |
jÅvGÁ¼vd (Lamboeuf, 1986) eGãvcmvMGii MfxiZvi wbwiGL cÉwZ AçGj
cÉvµ¦eÅ gvGQi kZKiv nvimn 19wU cÉavb `Gji mvgyw`ËK gvGQi RxeeÕ§ (biomass) wbi…cY KGiGQb| Zuvi gGZ 36% RxeeÕ§mn 10-20 wgUvi
AMfxi cvwb meÆvwaK Drcv`bkxj ‰es ‰LvGb gvGQi NbZ½ cÉwZ eMÆ wKwg-‰ 8.1
ˆg Ub; 28% RxeeÕ§mn 20-25 wgUvi Mfxi cvwbGZ gvGQi NbZ½ cÉwZ eMÆ wKwg-‰
6.5 ˆg Ub; 22% RxeeÕ§mn 50-80 wgUvi Mfxi cvwbGZ gvGQi NbZ½ cÉwZ eMÆ
wKwg-‰ 4.1 ˆg Ub ‰es meGkGl 22% RxeeÕ§mn 80-100 wgUvi Mfxi cvwbGZ gvGQi
NbZ½ cÉwZ eMÆ wKwg-‰ 2.9 ˆg Ub| KvGRB, mvgyw`ËK gvGQi 64% RxeeÕ§ 50
wgUvi Mfxi cvwbi Afů¦Gi AewÕ©Z| jÅvGÁ¼vGdi mvgwMÉK wnmve Abyhvqx evsjvG`Gk
cÉvq 1,91,000 ˆg Ub gvQ aiv cGo eGãvcmvMGii A^Æ‹bwZK Rjmxgv ‰jvKvq 10
wgUvGii AwaK Mfxi Açj ˆ^GK|
cÉavb grmÅ cÉRvwZi gGaÅ iGqGQ
mvgyw`ËK KÅvUwdk
(Ariidae catfish)
12.7%, ˆcvqv
(Sciaenidae/jawfish)
11.4%,
i…cevb/ˆmvbvevb
(Nemipteridae/threadfin
bream)
9.2%, gÅvKvGij
(Scombridae/mackerel) 6.2% ‰es ˆmvbvwj evUv (Mullidae/goatfish) 5.0%| ‰ cuvPwU `Gji gvGQi
cwigvY ˆgvU RxeeÕ§i cÉvq 44.5%| mwVK RwiGci AfvGe mgyG`Ëi DcwifvGM (Pelagic fish) evwYwRÅK gvGQi Abyi…c Z^Åvw`
ˆbB, hw`I ‰àwj chÆvµ¦ cwigvGYB aiv cGo|
mvgyw`ËK gvQ AvniY 1983-84
mvGji 1,64,882 ˆg Ub ˆ^GK ˆeGo 1994-95 mvGj `uvwoGqGQ 2,64,650 ˆg Ub
‰es mvgyw`ËK wPswo AvniY 1983-84 mvGji 12,020 ˆg Ub ˆ^GK ˆeGoGQ 1992-93
mvGj 23,233 ˆg UGb| 1983-84 mvGj AvnwiZ gvGQi 50-60% (30,000-40,000
ˆg Ub) AvmZ weGkl KGi wPswoi UÇjvi ˆ^GK| 1996-97 mvGj 41wU I 12wU UÇjvi
h^vò×Gg wPswo I gvQ aivi RbÅ eÅenvi Kiv nq| 1983-84 I 1996-97 mvGj h¯¨PvwjZ
ˆbŒKvi msLÅv wQj h^vò×Gg 3,347 I 8,000wU| 1996-97 mvGj h¯¨PvwjZ bq ‰gb
ˆbŒKvi msLÅv wQj 14,000wU| evsjvG`Gk 1992-93 mvGj 97wU gvQ I wPswo cÉGmwms
µÏÅv´Ÿ wQj| ˆm eQi wngvwqZ mvgyw`ËK Lv`Å iµ¦vwbi gvaÅGg cÉvq 16.53 ˆKvwU
gvwKÆb Wjvi (94.34%) ‰es AbÅvbÅ grmÅRvZ cYÅ ˆ^GK cÉvq 1 ˆKvwU gvwKÆb
Wjvi (5.66%) Avq nq| wngvwqZ wPswo I wngvwqZ gvQ ˆ^GK Avq nGqwQj h^vò×Gg
mvGo 15.54 ˆKvwU gvwKÆb Wjvi (90.1%) I 0.98 ˆKvwU Wjvi (9.8%)| 1992-93
ˆ^GK eÅvGOi cv iµ¦vwb wbwl«¬ iGqGQ| cÉwZeQi jeYhyî× ÷uUwK I mvaviY ÷uUwK
gvQ, nvãGii cvLbv ‰es gvGQi cvKÕ©jxI iµ¦vwb Kiv nq|
ˆgvnbvi grmÅmÁ·` (Estuarine fishery resources) evsjvG`Gki ˆgvnbvi ˆRvqvifvUvi ‰jvKv I msj™² b`-b`x wewf®² aiGbi
RjR cÉRvwZGZ mg†«¬ ‰es ˆQvU ev ռ͸ AvGqi ˆRGjiv ‰B mÁ·` AvniY KGi|
b`xi ˆgvnbv I gÅvbGMÉvf ebvçj KGqK RvGZi mvgyw`ËK wPswoi jvfÆvi weKvGki
AvkÉqÕ©j, ˆhLvGb Zviv cÉvµ¦eqÕ• I cÉRbbÞg nIqvi RbÅ Mfxi mgyG`Ë wdGi
hvIqvi AvM chƯ¦ emevm KGi I eo nGZ ^vGK| Õ¼v`ycvwbi Mj`v wPswo
(Macrobrachium rosenbergii) Õ¼v`ycvwbGZB Rxeb KvUvq, wK¯§ wWg cvovi RbÅ ˆgvnbvi
ռ͸GjvbvcvwbGZ wdGi hvq| ZvB evsjvG`Gk ռ͸GjvbvcvwbGZ grmÅPvl, weGklZ
wPswo PvGli AbyK„j cwiGek iGqGQ| evM`v wPswo
(Penaeus
monodon) I
Mj`v wPswo cÉRvwZi jvfÆv chÆvGqi wPswoGK cÉvq mviv eQiB ռ͸GjvbvcvwbGZ
cvIqv hvq ‰es Zv nvRvi nvRvi jvfÆv msMÉvnGKi RxweKvi msÕ©vb KGi| wewf®²
gvGQi ˆcvbvI ‰LvGb cvIqv hvq|
eZÆgvGb wPswo Pvlvaxb ˆgvU
cÉvq 1 jÞ 20 nvRvi ˆnÙi Rwgi gGaÅ evGMinvGU iGqGQ 29%, mvZÞxivq 19%,
Lyjbvq 19% ‰es evwKUv KÝevRvi I ˆUKbvGd| mPivPi AwaK ˆjvbvcvwbGZ evM`v
wPswoi ‰KK Pvl I ռ͸GjvbvcvwbGZ Mj`v wPswoi Pvl Kiv nq| mÁ·ÉwZ evM`v
wPswoi mGã LÍÏv I cvwkÆLÍÏv (Mullet,
Mugil corsula, M. cascasia) ev AbÅvbÅ wPswo PvGli cÉPjb nGqGQ| gvGS gvGS wkKvwi
gvQ, ˆhgb ˆKvivj
(Lates
calcarifer), ZvBÍÏv (Eleutheronema tetradactylus)
I KuvKov wPswo cyKzGi AevGa
XzGK cGo| mvgyw`ËK grmÅPvGl ˆKvivj, bvbv RvGZi LÍÏv (Mugil species), wgÍ•wdk (Chanos chanos)
BZÅvw`I ài‚Z½cƒYÆ|
evGMinvU, Lyjbv I mvZÞxivi
ˆRvqvifvUvi ռ͸Gjvbvcvwbi wbÁ²vçj ‰es PGKvwiqv I ˆUKbvGdi gÅvbGMÉvf
‰jvKvq euva w`Gq chÆvwqKfvGe grmÅPvl (wPswo I cvLbvhyî× gvQ) I K‡wlKvR
(avbPvl) PjGQ| AwaK jeYvî×Zvi mgq ˆjvbvcvwbi I ռ͸Gjvbvcvwbi wPswo
I cvLbvhyî× gvQ Pvl Kiv nq| ռ͸ jeYvî×Zvi mgq Avgb avGbi Pvl Kiv nq|
‰B c«¬wZi Pvl ‘ˆewo/ˆNi’ Pvl wnGmGe cwiwPZ| wKQy wKQy Pvlx Õ¼v`ycvwbi
wPswo (Mj`v) ‰es AbÅvbÅ gvQ (ˆZjvwcqv, KvcÆRvZxq gvQ I ^vBcuywU) ‰KGò
Pvl KGi| PëMÉvg AçGj ‰KB RwgGZ chÆvqò×Gg wPswoPvl I jeY Drcv`b Kiv nq|
DcK„jxq AMfxi I ռ͸GjvbvcvwbGZ
mnRjfÅ
Portunidae,
Calapidae ‰es Ocypodidae ˆMvòfzî× 11 cÉRvwZi KuvKovi gGaÅ Scylla serrata meÆvwaK Pvwn`vi| my±`ieGb ˆRGjiv ˆbŒKvq eGm euowk w`Gq
KuvKov aGi| AwaKvsk KuvKov iµ¦vwb nq| 1992-93 mvGj cÉvq 37 jÞ 80 nvRvi
gvwKÆb Wjvi gƒGjÅi KuvKov iµ¦vwb nq|
[ˆgvnvÁÃ` kwd]
weGji grmÅmÁ·` (Beel fishery) cÉvK‡wZK Rjvf„wg wej ˆ^GK msM†nxZ gvQ I Abyi…c AbÅvbÅ Lvevi DcGhvMx
mÁ·`| wej ‰KwU wbÁ²f„wg, hvi A¯¦Z AskweGkl Õ©vwqfvGe Rjg™² ^vGK| ‰àwj
mvaviYZ ^vjvK‡wZi ‰es b`x I LvGji gaÅeZÆx ‰jvKvq MGo IGV ‰es elÆvi mgq
cvwbGZ fGi EVGj nËG`i gGZv ˆ`Lvq| AbÅ mgq cvwb Kg ^vGK| ˆQvU ˆQvU wej
kxGZ mÁ·ƒYÆ ÷wKGq hvq, ˆmLvGb Pvlevm PGj| f„-c†GÓ¤i cÉevn ev b`xi mGã
msGhvMKvix Lvj I bvjvi gvaÅGg ‰àwjGZ cvwb Rgv nq| ˆ`Gk weGji msLÅv cÉvq
4500, ˆgvU AvqZb cÉvq 11,41,161 ˆnÙi|
ˆ`Gki DîivçGj iGqGQ AGbKàwj
wej| w`bvRcyi ˆRjvq ˆKvb eo wej ˆbB| iscyi ˆRjvq wZbwU- KzwoMÉvg knGii
cwøGg ZvMivB; iscyi knGii cwøGg jywbcyKzi; I cxiMé DcGRjvq ev` wej|
eàov ˆRjvi `ywU cÉavb wej byivBj I ˆKkcv^vi| gnvb±`v b`x eivei KGqKwU
weGji gGaÅ ˆfvjvinvU DcGRjvi evBwZqv wejwU e†nîg| e†nr Pjb wej AvmGj
‰KwU wejàœQ, ZvGZ AGbKàwj wej b`xbvjvq ciÕ·ihyî×, elÆvKvGj ‰KK wekvj
Rjvf„wgi i…c aviY KGi| ‰B wej ‰jvKv QwoGq iGqGQ bvGUvGii wmsiv I Mi‚`vmcyi
DcGRjvq, cvebvi PvUGgvni, fvãyiv I dwi`cyi DcGRjvq ‰es wmivRMGéi DÍÏvcvov,
ivqMé I Zvivk DcGRjvq| Pjb weGji eZÆgvb AvqZb cÉvq 26,000 ˆnÙi|
DîGii Zzjbvq ˆ`Gki `wÞYvçGj
weGji msLÅv AGbK ˆewk| ˆmLvGb iGqGQ KGqKwU evIoI| ‰B AçGji eo eo wej
nGjv Kgjv`n, eqiv, ˆevqvwjqv, ZvGjwiqv, WvKvwZqv, cvejv BZÅvw`| ˆ`Gki
gaÅfvGM eo wej LyeB Kg| ˆmàwji gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ gaycyGii nvwgj wej I
ˆbòGKvbvi ivRajv wej| e†nîg wmGjU ˆRjvqI ˆZgb ˆKvb wej ˆbB, AvGQ AGbKàwj
nvIi| PëMÉvGg wej AviI Kg| ˆmLvbKvi àgvB wej ˆ^GK cvwb ˆei KGi wbGjI
e†wÓ¡i mgq hG^Ó¡ cvwb RGg|
weGj mvaviYZ b`xi Zzjbvq ˆewk
gvQ ^vGK| ‰àwjB ˆ`Gki Afů¦ixY RjvkGqi gvGQi cÉvq 6.88% ˆhvMvq| ZGe
ˆgvU wnmvGe weGji gvQ Drcv`b hG^Ó¡ Kg, ˆnÙi cÉwZ gvò 560 ˆKwR, Avi ‰RbÅ
RvZxq chÆvGq weGji grmÅmÁ·`GK ài‚Z½cƒYÆ ejv hvq bv (mviwY)| weGji grmÅ
eÅeÕ©vcbvq Lye Kg ài‚Z½ ˆ`Iqv ev ‰GKevGi ˆKvb bRi bv ˆ`Iqvi RbÅB ‰gbwU
NGUGQ| wejàwjGK A^Æ‹bwZKfvGe cwiPvjbvi RbÅ AZxGZ wKQy c«¬wZ I eÅeÕ©v
AekÅ M†nxZ nGqwQj, ˆhgb D¯Ãyî× wbjvGg mgevq ev ˆRGjG`i KvGQ wejàwj BRviv
ˆ`Iqv| wK¯§ ˆRGj bq ‰gb gaÅM I AbÅvbÅG`i AvMÉvmx nÕ¦GÞGc ‰me DG`ÅvM
ˆZgb djcÉmƒ nq wb|
mviwY 3 wej grmÅ LvGZ evwlÆK grmÅ AvniY I Drcv`b ÞgZv
| eQi |
weGji AvqZb (ˆn) |
ˆgvU grmÅ AvniY
(ˆg Ub) |
grmÅ AvniY ˆÞò (wKGjv/ˆnÙi) |
| 1992-1993 |
114161 |
53019 |
464 |
| 1993-1994 |
114161 |
55592 |
487 |
| 1994-1995 |
114161 |
58298 |
511 |
| 1995-1996 |
114161 |
60768 |
532 |
| 1996-1997 |
114161 |
62798 |
560 |
elÆvKvGj weGj AGbK cÉRvwZi
Õ¼v`ycvwbi gvQ cvIqv hvq ‰es ÷KGbv kxZ I MÉxÓÃ ˆgŒmyGg weGji gaÅvçj
gvQG`i AvkÉqÕ©j nGq IGV| mviv eQiB eÅvcK gvQ aiv PGj| weGji bvbv RvGZi
gvGQi gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ gjv
(Amblypharyngodon mola),
KB (Anabas testudineus), LBjv (Badis badis), micyuwU (Puntius sarana), cuywU (P. sophora), wZZcuywU (P. ticto), KvZjv (Catla catla), ˆNi‚qv
(Clupisoma garua),
evPv (C.
murius), gvài (Clarias batrachus), ˆPjv (Chela baciala), ŠLjmv (Colisa fasciata), euvkcvZv (Danio devario),
evPv (Eutropiichthys vacha), wkwã (Heteropneustes fossilis), AvBo (Mystus aor), ˆmvbvGUsiv (M. vittatus), ˆUsiv (M. tengara), euvk ˆUsiv (M. cavasius), àwP (Mastacembelus pancalus), evBg (M. armatus), ZvivevBg (M. aculeatus), wPZj (Notopterus chitala), dwj (N. notopterus), ˆf`v (Nandus nandus), cvãvk (Pangasius pangasius), cve`v (Ompok pabda), Kvwb cve`v (O. bimaculatus), MRvi (Channa marulius), ˆkvj (C. striatus), jvUv (C. punctatus), `viwKbv (Rasbora daniconius), Pvwcjv (Gudusia chapra), dÅvmv (Setipinna phasa), ˆevqvj (Wallago attu), g†GMj (Cirrhinus mrigala), ivGqK (C. reba), i‚B (Labeo rohita), KvjevDk (L. calbasu)|
ˆKvb ˆKvb weGj wmjfvi KvcÆ
(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), KvZjv, i‚B, g†GMj, MÉvmKvcÆ
(Ctenopharyngodon
idellus),
ivRcyuwU, mvaviY KvcÆ (Cyprinus
carpio)
gvGQi ˆcvbv ˆQGo gvQPvl PjGQ| AevGa gvQ aiv mvaviYfvGe Pvjy ^vKGjI wKQy
weGj euva w`Gq wewœQ®² I Mfxi ‰jvKvq c†^KfvGe wbweo I K‡wòg gvQPvl ÷i‚
nGqGQ| [‰m.‰g ügvqyb Kwei]
euvIGoi grmÅmÁ·`
evIGo D¯Ãyî× RjvkGqi gvGQi
cÉGek I ˆei nIqvi c^mgƒn wbq¯¨Y KGi K‡wòg grmÅPvGli eÅeÕ©v Kiv nGqGQ|
K‡wòg grmÅPvGl ˆhLvGb cÉwZ eQi ˆnÙi cÉwZ Drc®² gvGQi cwigvY 500 ˆKwRi
ˆewk, ˆmLvGb evIGo cÉvK‡wZKfvGe evwlÆK Drc®² gvQ ˆnÙi cÉwZ 200 ˆKwRiI
Kg| ‰LvGb cÉvK‡wZK grmÅ AvniGY
(cupture
fishery)
ˆewki fvM ^vGK ÷ayB ˆQvU ˆ`kxq gvQ, Avi K‡wòg grmÅPvGl cÉvq 90% nGjv
ˆcvbv ˆ^GK eo nIqv KvcÆ gvQ| evIGo A¯¦Z 31wU MY, 20wU ˆMvò I 11wU eGMÆi
AaÆkZvwaK cÉRvwZi ˆ`kxq gvQ cvIqv hvq| eZÆgvGb meàwj evIGo AeÅvnZfvGe
gvQ aiv nGœQ|
wbwgÆZ euva I AbÅvbÅ ebÅvwbq¯¨Y
KvVvGgv cÉvK‡wZK grmÅ weÕZ‡wZGK mxwgZ KGiGQ, dGj gvGQi cÉRbGb weN³ NGUGQ
I ˆmmGã gRy` nËvm ˆcGqGQ| evIGo eÅen…Z gvQ aivi miévGgi gGaÅ iGqGQ duvmRvj,
agÆRvj, `xNÆ-myZvi eowk, fvmvRvj, SuvwKRvj I evGÝi AvK‡wZi bvbv aiGbi
duv`| evsjvG`Gk mPivPi hGkvi I KzwoMÉvg ˆRjvq evIo ˆ`Lv hvq| evsjvG`Gki
KZKàwj ài‚Z½cƒYÆ evIGii gGaÅ eyKfiv, KbÅv`n, evjyni, Rqw`qv, wkwilw`qv,
nveyÍÏv i‚Õ¦gcyi, ˆmvbvw`qv ‰es evnv`yicyi DGÍÏLGhvMÅ| evIo AçGji meÆGgvU
AvqZb cÉvq 5,488 ˆnÙi ‰es ZvGZ evrmwiK Drc®² gvGQi cwigvY cÉvq 2,460
ˆg Ub| [ˆgv: AvjZvd ˆnvGmb]
nvIGii grmÅmÁ·`
nvIi wekvj cÉvK‡wZK Rjvf„wg
‰es Õ¼v`ycvwbi gvGQi AbÅZg cÉavb Drm| evsjvG`Gki Dîi-cƒeÆ AçGj AewÕ©Z
nvIiàwj DœPf„wg ev wUjvGewÓ¡Z ‰es b`xi Zzjbvq AwaK grmÅmg†«¬| mvaviYZ
nvIi elÆvKvGj µÏvweZ nGq b`xweGaŒZ ebvçGji mGã wgGk hvq| elÆvKvGj cvwb
AwaK cwigvGY Rgv nIqvi KviGY nvIGi ˆewk gvQ cvIqv hvq bv| ‰B Rjvaviàwj
i‚BRvZxq gvQmn AGbK RvGZi Õ©vbxq gvGQi ˆcvbvi cÉvK‡wZK Avevm| ÷KGbv
ˆgŒmyGg cvwb KgGZ ^vKGj DuPz RvqMvàwj ˆfGm IGV ‰es ˆmLvGb avb, weGklZ
ˆevGiv Pvl ÷i‚ nq| wbPz ‰jvKvq cvwb ^vGK ‰es ˆmLvGb gvGQiv AvkÉq ˆbq|
‰àwjB wej| nvIGi Õ¼v`ycvwbi cÉvq meàwj gvQB cvIqv hvq| evsjvG`Gki ˆewki
fvM nvIiB e†nîi wmGjU ˆRjvq AewÕ©Z| [ˆgvt AvjZvd ˆnvGmb]
Kvµ¦vB nËG`i grmÅmÁ·` Kvµ¦vB nË` bvGg mycwiwPZ KYÆdzwj Rjvavi c†w^exi AbÅZg ‰es `wÞY-cƒeÆ
‰wkqvi Õ¼v`ycvwbi e†nîg K‡wòg Rjvkq| nËG`i mGeÆvœP I Mo MfxiZv h^vò×Gg
35 wg I 9 wg, cvwbi evwlÆK Lvov IVv-bvgv 8.14 wg| 1961 mvGj cveÆZÅ PëMÉvGgi
ivãvgvwU ˆRjvi Kvµ¦vB knGii KvGQ KYÆdzwj b`xi gƒj avivq euva w`Gj nË`wUi
m†wÓ¡ Kiv nq| ‰GZ KYÆdzwj, Zvi Pvi Dcb`x (DîGi ˆPwO, gvBwb, KvQvjs I
`wÞGY wiqvsKs) I AvkcvGki ‰jvKvmn WzGe hvq ‰es cÉvq 58,300 ˆnÙGii H AvK‡wZi ‰K wekvj Rjvkq MGo IGV| AvGMi KYÆdzwj b`x
‰Lb Avi LuyGR cvIqv hvGe bv|
c†w^exi AwaKvsk cvwb-we`yÅr
RjvavGii gGZv ‰LvGbI grmÅPvl ‰K ài‚Z½cƒYÆ KvhÆò×g| nËG`i AwaKvsk ‰jvKv
RyGo wQj wbweo cÉvK‡wZK eGb-XvKv cvnvwo DcZÅKvi AGbKàwj dvwj, hv AvGMB
AskweGkl cwiÓ•vi Kiv nq| dGj, wUjv-Uvji ^vKvi `i‚b nËG`i Zxif„wg I AeevwnKv
Amgvb, ˆmLvGb QwoGq AvGQ ˆmàb I AbÅvbÅ e†GÞi AeGkl Avi ZvGZ gvQ aivi
Amyweav nq| ‰B nËG` bvbv RvGZi gvQ aiv nq, eÅen…Z nq bvbv ˆKŒkj ‰es
cÉvq 4,000 Þz`Ë grmÅRxex ‰GZ gvQ aGi RxweKv wbeÆvn KGi|
wKQy cÉwZK„j ˆfŒZ ivmvqwbK
cwiwÕ©wZ ˆhgb, cvwbi AwaK I Awbqw¯¨Z MfxiZv, Dci ˆ^GK wbGP Zvcgvòvi
eÅvcK ZviZgÅ BZÅvw` mGî½I nË`wU bvbv RvGZi ˆ`kxq gvGQ hG^Ó¡ mg†«¬| ‰GZ
iGqGQ 25 ˆMvGòi 47 MGY A¯¦fÆyî× cÉvq 73 cÉRvwZi gvQ I KGqK cÉRvwZi wPswo|
gvGQi gGaÅ 66 cÉRvwZ Õ©vbxq I 7 cÉRvwZ weG`kx| cƒGeÆ grmÅ cÉRvwZmgƒGni
ˆh ŠewPòÅ wQj, b`x ˆ^GK nËG` cwiGeGki cwieZÆGbi dGj wKQy ˆ`kx gvQ wejyµ¦
nq wKsev ZvG`i msLÅv eÅvcK nvGi nËvm
cvq| cÞv¯¦Gi, wKQy weG`kx cÉRvwZi gvQ AmZKÆZvekZ wKsev AwaK Drcv`Gbi
jGÞÅ nËG` Qvov nq| eZÆgvGb ‰ nË`
ˆ^GK 31 cÉRvwZi gvQ evwYwRÅKfvGe AvniY Kiv nq, evwKàwji ˆZgb ˆKvb ài‚Z½
ˆbB, ZGe ‰àwji AbÅ aiGbi Pvwn`v iGqGQ| i‚B-KvZjvRvZxq gvQPvGli RbÅ wKQyUv
cÉwZK„j cwiwÕ©wZ ^vKGjI MfxiZv, ˆmËvZGeM, ˆNvjvGU fve ‰es b`xi wemwcÆj
weÕ¦vGii w`K ˆ^GK nË`wU ‰LbI evsjvG`Gki KvcÆRvZxq gvGQi AbÅZg cÉavb
cÉRbb ˆK±`Ê| KYÆdzwj nËG` eo RvGZi KvGcÆi Õ¼vfvweK cÉRbb mÁ·GKÆ wbweo
cixÞv-wbixÞv ˆZgb nq wb| nËG`i gvGQi 21% eo RvGZi KvcÆ, 15% wkKvwi,
44% AvMvQvfzK, 20% AbÅvbÅ|
gvQ aivi ˆiKWÆ ˆ^GK ˆ`Lv hvq
ˆh, eo RvGZi KvGcÆi msLÅv ò×GgB KgGQ (mviwY)| cwiwÕ©wZ ˆgvKvwejvq 1980
mvj ˆ^GK nËG` wbqwgZfvGe DGÍÏLGhvMÅ
cwigvGY KvGcÆi ˆcvbv Qvov nGœQ| Avwki `kGKi ÷i‚GZ eo AvKvGii AvMvQv
I meyR Škevj wbq¯¨GYi gvaÅGg nËG`i
wewf®² Õ¦Gii LvG`Åi h^vh^ eÅenvi I AwaK grmÅ Drcv`vGbi RbÅ wKQy weG`kx
gvQ Pxbv KvcÆ (Cyprinus carpio var. communis
I specularis; Ctenophyryngodon idellus
I Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)
Qvov ÷i‚ nGqGQ|
mviwY 4 kZvsk
nvimn cÉavb cÉavb wewf®² RvGZi gvGQi msMÉGni cwimsLÅvb
| eQi |
eo RvGZi KvcÆ (i‚B, KvZj, g†GMj, KvjevDk, PxbvKvcÆ) |
KvPwK |
Pvwcjv |
gvsmvkx (ˆevqvj, wPZj, ˆkvj, MRvi BZÅvw`) |
ˆZjvwcqv |
AbÅvbÅ (ˆUsiv, evUv, ˆPjv, gjv ˆXjv, dÅvmv, ˆeGj |
ˆgvU
(ˆg Ub) |
evrmwiK msMÉn
ˆKwR/ˆn/eQi |
| 1988-89 |
12.05 |
19.38 |
11.53 |
21.24 |
0.02 |
45.96 |
3439.27 |
60 |
| 1989-90 |
8.88 |
16.38 |
12.30 |
20.78 |
0.08 |
46.02 |
3713.18 |
60 |
| 190-91 |
10.45 |
25.17 |
15.01 |
12.09 |
0.58 |
36.00 |
4391.61 |
80 |
| 1991-92 |
5.75 |
17.92 |
17.82 |
9.73 |
0.87 |
47.91 |
4211.30 |
70 |
| 1992-93 |
2.93 |
32.30 |
19.55 |
9.15 |
1.75 |
36.32 |
4142.48 |
70 |
| 1993-94 |
5.78 |
46.73 |
28.42 |
7.98 |
1.20 |
10.19 |
4317.57 |
70 |
| 1994-95 |
2.71 |
32.80 |
18.00 |
6.37 |
1.05 |
39.07 |
5206.80 |
90 |
| 1995-96 |
3.50 |
24.51 |
15.67 |
5.06 |
0.70 |
50.56 |
5796.20 |
100 |
| 1996-97 |
6.12 |
38.36 |
15.10 |
6.68 |
0.94 |
32.80 |
5092.40 |
90 |
| 1997-98 |
7.24 |
27.96 |
27.56 |
8.21 |
1.16 |
27.87 |
6586.58 |
113 |
| MGo |
6.55 |
27.12 |
18.18 |
10.10 |
1.00 |
37.00 |
4689.60 |
81 |
nËG` eQGi MGo 275 w`b gvQ aiv
nq| gvGQi Õ¼vfvweK cÉRbb wbwøZ Kivi RbÅ wbwl«¬ ˆgŒmyg (gaÅ ˆg-gaÅ RyjvB)
cÉPwjZ iGqGQ| evsjvG`Gk grmÅ D®²qb KGcÆvGikb 1964 mvj ˆ^GK Kvµ¦vB nËG`i
grmÅ eÅeÕ©vcbvi `vwqGZ½ iGqGQ ‰es msÕ©vwU ZLb ˆ^GKB nËG`i gvGQi cwienY
I wecYb wbwøZKiGYi RbÅ wewf®² KgÆmƒwP MÉnY KGi|
[ˆgv. Ave`yj nvB ‰es Ave`yÍÏvn
Avj-gvgyb]
gvGQi Rxe‹ewPòÅ (Fish biodiversity) D¯Ãyî× RjvkGq (b`x, µÏvebf„wg, nvIi, wej, nË`, b`xi ˆgvnbv I mgy`Ë)
evm KGi wewf®² RvGZi gvQ I wPswo| evsjvG`Gki Afů¦ixY Õ¼v`ycvwbGZ cÉvq
266 cÉRvwZi cvLbvhyî× gvQ iGqGQ| kwd I Kzóym (1982) evsjvG`Gki Õ¼v`ycvwbi
36wU ˆMvGòi 148 cÉRvwZi gvQ I 10 cÉRvwZi
Palaemonidae ˆMvGòi wPswo kbvî× KGiGQb,
hvG`i cÉvq meàwjB LveviGhvMÅ I RbwcÉq| Afů¦ixY Õ¼v`ycvwbi DGÍÏLGhvMÅ
gvGQi gGaÅ iGqGQ eo KvcÆ (i‚B, KvZjv I g†GMjmn 6 cÉRvwZ) ‰es ˆQvU KvcÆ
I Õ¼v`ycvwbi ˆQvU gvQ (cuywU, ˆPjv, gjv I evGeÆjhyî× gvQmn 41 cÉRvwZ),
Perch (ˆgwb, ˆejv, ˆPIqv I Pv±`vmn 31 cÉRvwZ), Catfish (cvãvk, ˆevqvj, gvài, wks, AvBo, wiUv, cve`v
I evPvmn 29 cÉRvwZ),
Shad (Afů¦ixY gvGQi 40% mieivnKvix
Bwjk, Pvwcjv, KuvPwK I dÅvmvmn 10 cÉRvwZ), UvwKRvZxq (MRvi, UvwK I ˆkvjmn
5 cÉRvwZ),
Loach
(7 cÉRvwZ) I Featherback (wPZjmn 2 cÉRvwZ)| ingvb (1989) evsjvG`Gki
Õ¼v`ycvwbi 260 cÉRvwZi gvQ ZvwjKvfzî× KGiGQb| Bernascek I Zuvi mãxiv
(1992) evsjvG`Gki Dîi-cƒeÆvçGj
31 ˆMvòfzî× 137 cÉRvwZi Õ¼v`ycvwbi gvQ kbvî× KGiGQb| Õ¼v`ycvwbi wPswoi
Macrobrachium MYfzî× A¯¦Z 9wU cÉRvwZ iGqGQ|
KGqKwU eo b`x (nvj`v, c«Âv,
hgybv, ˆgNbv I eËþcyò) eo KvGcÆi wWg, ˆiYy I ˆcvbv Drcv`Gbi Õ©vb| cyKzGi
grmÅPvGli Pvwn`v wgUvGbvi RbÅ ‰àwj msMÉn Kiv nq| grmÅPvl I Drcv`b e†w«¬i
jGÞÅ evsjvG`Gki cyKzi I nËG` KZKàwj weG`kx gvQ ˆZjvwcqv (2wU cÉRvwZ),
Pxbv wmjfvi KvcÆ, MÉvm KvcÆ, weMGnW KvcÆ, eÐÅvK KvcÆ, mvaviY KvcÆ (4wU
cÉRvwZ), ^vB cuywU, ^vB cvãvk, AvwdÌKvi gvài BZÅvw`iI Pvl cÉeZÆb Kiv
nGqGQ|
üGmBb (1969) evsjvG`Gki mgy`Ë
I b`xGgvnbvi cvwbGZ 133 ˆMvGòi 475 cÉRvwZi gvQ ZvwjKvfzî× KGiGQb| Kzóym
I kwd (1983) KZ‡ÆK mgy`Ë I ռ͸Gjvbvcvwb ˆ^GK kbvî×K‡Z 169 cÉRvwZi gvGQi
gGaÅ 59 ˆMvòfzî× 148 cÉRvwZi gvQ AwÕ©gq I 10 ˆMvòfzî× 21 cÉRvwZi gvQ
ˆKvgjvwÕ©wewkÓ¡| ‰G`i gGaÅ ˆewki fvMB mvgyw`ËK
Perch-RvZxq (30 ˆMvGòi 63 cÉRvwZ)
gvQ| ‰ici iGqGQ
Herring
I Shad (3 ˆMvòfzî× 21 cÉRvwZ), Catfish (3 ˆMvòfzî× 19 cÉRvwZ) I Flatfish (5 ˆMvòfzî× 16 cÉRvwZ)| mgy`Ë ˆ^GK AvnwiZ gvGQi
kZKiv 60 fvM nGjv Bwjk| evsjvG`Gki mvgyw`ËK ‰jvKvq iGqGQ 10 cÉRvwZi
nvãi| mvgyw`ËK gvGQi cÉvq 65% evwYwRÅKfvGe ài‚Z½cƒYÆ|
mvgyw`ËK wPswoi 17 cÉRvwZi
gGaÅ
Penaeus MGYi 6, Metapenaeus-‰i 5, Parapenaeopsis-‰i 4 ‰es Solenocera-‰i 2wU cÉRvwZ iGqGQ| AekÅ,
gvò 5 cÉRvwZi wPswo ˆhgb,
Penaeus monodon,
Penaeus semisulcatus, Penaeus
indicus, Metapenaeus monoceros ‰es Metapenaeus brevicornis evwYwRÅK w`K ˆ^GK ài‚Z½cƒYÆ|
eGãvcmvMGi 5 cÉRvwZi jeÕ¡vGii
(crustacean) gGaÅ mvaviYZ ˆKej 2 cÉRvwZB
(Panulirus polyphagus,
Scyllarus nearctus) mnRjfÅ| [ˆgvnvÁÃ` kwd]
grmÅ mgevq (Fisheries co-operatives) KgÆiZ grmÅRxexG`i ‰KwU msMVb, ˆhLvGb Zviv AwaKZi KvhÆKi grmÅ AvniY
I AGcÞvK‡Z ˆewk gybvdv jvGfi RbÅ mÁ·` jw™² KGi| grmÅRxexG`i RbÅ gvQ
ò×q I weò×q ev gvQ aivi miévg exgvKiY BZÅvw` mgevGqi KgÆKvGíi A¯¦fÆyî×|
Rvcvb, biIGq I AbÅvbÅ ˆ`Gki grmÅRxexiv nvRvi nvRvi mdj mgevGqi AvIZvfzî×,
Avi ˆmme ˆ`Gk FY-myweav, cwienb, evRviRvZKiY, grmÅ cÉwò×qvKiY eÅeÕ©vw`
mgevGqi `vwqZ½| evsjvG`Gk ‰B eÅemvq AwaKvsk grmÅRxex gaÅMG`i «¼viv ˆkvwlZ
nq| gaÅMiv grmÅRxexG`i bM` UvKv `v`b ˆ`q eGj KLbI gvQ bv aiGj, AGgŒmyGg
A^ev gvQ Kg aiv coGj Zviv `vjvjG`i Kej ˆ^GK ˆinvB cvq bv| ‰me ˆÞGò grmÅ
mgevq `wi`Ë grmÅRxexG`i Õ¼v^ÆiÞv KiGZ cvGi, `vjvjG`i ˆkvlY ˆ^GK ZvG`i
euvPvGZ cvGi I gvGQi eÅemv D®²qGb mnvqZv w`GZ cvGi|
1947 mvGj fviZ wefwî×i mgq
evsjvq grmÅRxexG`i 120wU mgevq wQj| wK¯§ cÉK‡ZcGÞ grmÅRxexG`i mgevGqi
mƒPbv nq 1960 mvGj miKvGii c†Ó¤GcvlKZvq| mvGeK cÉvG`wkK grmÅRxex mgevq
mwgwZi bvg cwieZÆb KGi ‘evsjvG`k RvZxq grmÅRxex mgevq mwgwZ’ ivLv nq|
mwgwZi jÞÅmgƒn nGœQ: 1. gvQ aivi miévg msMÉn I grmÅRxexG`i gGaÅ ˆmàwj
bÅvhÅgƒGjÅ mieivn Kiv; 2. m`mÅG`i A^ÆGhvMvGbi RbÅ Awafzî× mwgwZàwjGK
FY`vb; 3. gvQ aivi AvaywbK KjvGKŒkj cÉeZÆb; 4. eid KviLvbv Õ©vcb, wngvMvi
wbgÆvY, Rvj ŠZwii h¯¨cvwZ emvGbv BZÅvw`; 5. gvQ evRviRvZ Kivi eÅeÕ©v
‰es grmÅ I grmÅRvZ cYÅ iµ¦vwbi RbÅ cÉwò×qvKiY BDwbU Õ©vcb ‰es 6. grmÅRxexG`i
Av^Æ-mvgvwRK AeÕ©vi D®²qb mvab|
evsjvG`Gk RvZxq grmÅRxex mgevq
mwgwZ cÉ^vMZ wcivwgGWi gGZv cÉv^wgK (wbGP), gaÅ I kxlÆ (DcGi) ‰B wZb
Õ¦iwewkÓ¡| RvZxq mwgwZ ‰KwU (kxlÆ), gvaÅwgK mwgwZi msLÅv cÉvq 80 I cÉv^wgK
mwgwZi msLÅv cÉvq 4,300| evsjvG`Gk 1987 mvGj cÉv^wgK mwgwZi meÆGgvU
m`mÅ msLÅv wQj cÉvq 5 jÞ| ‰Qvov iGqGQ 4 nvRvi m`mÅmn 88wU ˆRjv I DcGRjv
mwgwZ| 1977 mvGj evsjvG`Gk grmÅRxexi ˆgvU msLÅv wQj cÉvq 8 jÞ| eÅemvqx
grmÅRxexi msLÅv 1988-89 mvGj ˆeGo `uvovq 11 jÞ, hvG`i 60% Afů¦ixY Rjvkq
(b`x, µÏvebf„wg, nvIi, wej, evIo, nË`
I cyKzi) ‰es 40% mgy`Ë ˆ^GK gvQ AvniY KGi| miKvi KZ‡ÆK 1986 mvGj bZzb
D¯Ãyî× Rjvkq grmÅ eÅeÕ©vcbv bxwZ evÕ¦evqGbi ci Afů¦ixY LvGZ ‘evsjvG`k
RvZxq grmÅRxex mwgwZ’ MwVZ nGqGQ|
evsjvG`Gk mvgyw`ËK grmÅ `µ¦i
1957-58 mvGj cÉ^g bvBjb myZvi Rvjmn gvQ aivi h¯¨PvwjZ ˆbŒKv cÉeZÆb KGi|
AZtci ‘evsjvG`k grmÅ D®²qb KGcÆvGikb’
I mgevq
mwgwZi gvaÅGg hvw¯¨KxKiY KgÆmƒwPi cÉmvi NGU|
eZÆgvGb MÉvgxY eÅvsGKi grmÅ
dvDG´£kb, eËÅvK, KvwiZvm, cÉwkKv BZÅvw` ˆemiKvwi msÕ©v ˆRGj mÁ·É`vGqi
D®²qGb mivmwi RwoZ iGqGQ| gwnjviv wPivPwiZ RvjGevbv, Rvj ˆgivgZ, Rvj
÷KvGbv I gvQ ÷KvGbv QvovI eZÆgvGb AwaK msLÅvq grmÅ Drcv`Gb AskMÉnY KiGQ| [ˆgvnvÁÃ` kwd]
grmÅLvgvi eÅeÕ©vcbv (Fish-farm management) grmÅPvGl RjvkqàwjGZ AwaK Drcv`bkxjZvi RbÅ M†nxZ mvgwMÉK
eÅeÕ©vw`| ‰B eÅeÕ©vcbvi gƒj jÞÅ nGjv h^vh^ eÅeÕ©vcbv `ÞZvq mÁ¿veŠռ͸Zg
mgGq RjvkGqi mxwgZ cwimGi grmÅ Lv`Å I hGði RbÅ meÆwbÁ² eÅGq meÆvwaK
cwigvY grmÅLvG`Åi i…cv¯¦i nvi
(feed
conversion ratio/FCR)
I gybvdv ARÆb| eÅeÕ©vcbvi AbÅvbÅ w`GKi gGaÅ iGqGQ cvwbi meGPGq AbyK„j
ˆfŒZ ivmvqwbK I cwiGekMZ AeÕ©v AeÅvnZ ivLv, chÆvµ¦ AvGjv, evqy PjvPj
I ˆivMgyî× cwiGek wbwøZ Kiv ‰es cvwbi ZjG`Gki gvwUi DeÆiZv myiÞv I cÉvK‡wZK
µÏveb cÉwZGiva|
evsjvG`Gk grmÅLvgvGii gGaÅ
iGqGQ cÉavbZ bvmÆvwi, ˆcvbveaÆb I gvQ gRyG` eÅenvhÆ bvbv AvKvi AvqZGbi
cyKzi| bvmÆvwi cyKziàwj mvaviYZ 0.1 ‰KGii Kg AvqZGbi, AvqZvKvi I 0.75-1
wgUvi Mfxi| ˆcvbveaÆb cyKziàwj 0.11-0.66 ‰Ki, AvqZvKvi I 1-1.5 wgUvi
Mfxi| gRyG`i cyKziàwjI AvqZvKvi, 0.67- 1.5 ‰Ki I 1.5-2 wgUvi Mfxi|
ˆcvbv gRy` Õ©vbv¯¦wiZ gvGQi ˆcvbvàwjGK
10-20 wgwbU bZzb cwiGeGk AfÅÕ¦ KGi ‰K-chÆvq eÅeÕ©vcbvq 6-8 MÉvg/ˆWwmgvj,
Avi `yB-chÆvq eÅeÕ©vcbvq 15-20 MÉvg/ˆWwmgvj wnGmGe cyKzGi Qvov ˆhGZ
cvGi| eÅeÕ©vcbvi Pvwn`vbyhvqx gvGQi Š`wnK e†w«¬i nvi cixÞv, eÅvqvg,
LvG`Åi gƒjÅvqb, cyKzGii Zjv ˆiwKs I AbÅvbÅ cwieZÆGbi RbÅ cÉwZ `yB mµ¦vGn
‰Kevi ˆcvbv RvGj aiv ˆhGZ cvGi|
gvGQi Õ¼vfvweK Lv`Å wnGmGe
µÏvâUGbi Aweivg e†w«¬i RbÅ cÉwZw`b mvgvbÅ gvòvq mvi (15 MÉvg BDwiqv,
25 MÉvg wU‰mwc/ˆWwmgvj) cÉGqvMmn cvwb bvovPvov Kiv `iKvi| mKvj I `ycyGii
LvevGii RbÅ mgcwigvY wfRv ŠLj I Mg ev PvGji fzwm cyKzGii cvGoi KvQvKvwQ
QovGbv cÉGqvRb| gvQ bv ˆZvjv chƯ¦ ˆgNjv I e†wÓ¡i w`b Qvov cÉZÅn ‰fvGe
Lvevi w`GZ nGe|
grm AvniY AvMvg (gvPÆ-Ryb) grmÅPvGli RbÅ ‰K-chÆvq PvGl 4-5 mµ¦vGni gGaÅ ‰es
`yB-chÆvq PvGl ˆcvbv Qvovi 2 mµ¦vn cGi gvGQi msLÅv KgvGZ nq| eÅwZò×g
NGU wejÁ¼ (RyjvB-ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i) grmÅPvGli ˆÞGò|
cvjGbi cyKzi ‰ ˆÞGò cÉvq ‰KB aiGbi eÅeÕ©vcbv MÉnY Kiv nq, ZGe gvGQi NbZ½ ivLv
nq 1000 ˆcvbv/ˆWwmgvj ‰es nËvmK‡Z Lv`Ånvi (ˆ`Gni IRGbi 5%) w`Gb ‰Kevi|
gRyG`i cyKzi gRyG`i AvGM 300
ppm
KMnO4
`ËeGY 2-3 wgwbU gvGQi ˆcvbvi wbeÆxRb AvekÅK|
cyKzGii AvqZb, f„msÕ©vb, cyKzi
cvGoi MvQMvQov, Zjvi gvwUi aib I cyKzGii meÆGgvU Drcv`bkxjZvi mGã gRyG`i
cwigvY jvMmB nIqv DwPZ| Õ¼vfvweK Lv`Å ev mÁ·ƒiK Lv`Å mvGcGÞ evsjvG`Gki
cyKzGi cÉwZcvjGbi RbÅ grmÅweævbxiv grmÅ gRyG`i wbGÁ²vî× mswgkÉY AbyGgv`b
KGib|
gvQ |
AvKvi |
msLÅv/ˆWwmgvj |
|
(ˆmwg) |
(÷ay
cÉvK‡wZK LvG`Å) |
(mÁ·ƒiK
LvG`Å) |
| KvZjv |
10-15 |
3 |
4 |
| wmjfvi KvcÆ |
10-15 |
5 |
7 |
| i‚B |
10-15 |
7 |
8 |
| weMGnW KvcÆ |
10-15 |
0.25 |
0.5 |
| g†GMj |
10-15 |
4 |
3 |
| KvjevDk |
10-15 |
0.25 |
0.6 |
| KvcÆy/wgii KvcÆ |
6-8 |
3 |
4 |
| MÉvm KvcÆ |
10-15 |
0.25 |
0.5 |
| |
6-8 |
2 |
4 |
| ˆgvU
8 cÉRvwZ |
--- |
24.75 |
34.60 |
[ˆgvt mvbvDÍÏvn]
gvGQi ciRxex I ˆivMevjvB (Fish parasites and diseases) gvGQi ciRxex gvGQi kixGii DcGi ev wfZGi emevmKvix ‰es ˆcvlK gvQ ˆ^GK Lv`ÅMÉnYKvix
RjR Rxe| ‰àwj evwnÅK, Afů¦ixY ‰es ˆivM m†wÓ¡Kvix (pathogenic) ev ˆivM m†wÓ¡ KGi bv ‰gb (non-pathogenic) nGZ cvGi| cyKzi, Rjv I AÅvKzqvwiqvGgi
gGZv K‡wòg RjvkGq gvQPvl KiGj gvGQi ciRxweRwbZ ˆivGMi AwaK cÉGKvc NGU|
ˆKvb K‡wòg cwiGeGk ‰K ev ‰KvwaK cÉRvwZi gvGQi AZÅwaK NbGZ½i PvcB ciRxexG`i
AwaK msLÅve†w«¬i KviY, hv cÉvK‡wZK cwiwÕ©wZGZ ZZUv ˆ`Lv hvq bv| ˆmRbÅ
ciRxweNwUZ ˆivGMi cÉGKvc cÉvK‡wZKfvGe ˆeGo IVv gvGQi Zzjbvq K‡wògfvGe
PvlK‡Z gvGQ AwaK|
ciRxex msò×gY ˆ^GK ˆcvbvgvGQi
g†ZzÅ I evo¯¦ gvGQi cywÓ¡NvUwZi dGj gvQ Drcv`b hG^Ó¡ nËvm cvq| ciRxexiv
weGkl weGkl AãcÉZãmn gvGQi cÉvq meàwj AãcÉZÅãB Avò×gY KiGZ cvGi| evsjvG`Gk
‰ chƯ¦ gvGQi 130 cÉRvwZi ciRxex kbvî× Kiv nGqGQ| ˆmàwji gGaÅ mPivPi
ˆ`Lv hvq I ài‚Z½cƒYÆ `jàwj wbÁ²i…c:
cÉGUvGRvqv ciRxex
