f„Aebgb (Subsidence)  ‰K aiGbi eÅvcK wePjb hvGZ f„-c†Ó¤Õ© c`v^Æmgyn cÉvK‡wZK ev K‡wòg KviGY Afů¦ixY fvi enb Kivi mg^Æb nvwiGq wbÁ²Mvgx ev Õ©vbPzÅZ nq| ‰wU f„-MvVwbK wò×qv, mgwÕ©wZK DcGhvRb (isostatic adjustment), NbwebÅÕ¦ AeGÞc, Zij AcmviY ‰es mgy`Ëc†GÓ¤i DïvGbi djvdj Õ¼i…c| AwaKvsk e«¼xcxq Açj ZzjbvgƒjKfvGe eÅvcK AebgGbi wkKvi nq| Avevi cÉvK‡wZKfvGe cÉPzi cwigvY b`xevwnZ AeGÞGci «¼viv ‰B NvUwZ cƒiY nGq fvimvgÅ iÞv nGœQ| ZGe b`xLvZ m†wÓ¡ Kiv nGj, cÉvK‡wZKfvGe b`x w`K cwieZÆb KiGj A^ev AbÅ ˆKvbfvGe MwZc^ ÞwZMÉÕ© nGj AebgbRwbZ NvUwZ cƒiY mÁ¿e nq bv| wKQy wKQy AçGj f„MfÆÕ© cvwb DGîvjGbi KviGY A¯¦f„Æc†Ó¤ c`v^ÆmgƒGni `†pKiY `Ë‚Z nq hv Aebgb e†w«¬ KGi| eãxq AeevwnKvi AwaKvsk RyGo ˆh Mãv-eËþcyò e«¼xc iGqGQ, Zv wngvjq ceÆZgvjvi DïvGbi KviGY f„Z½GKi mgvwÕ©wZK mg¯¼q ˆnZz ‰es gvGqv-µÏvGqvwmb mgGqi e«¼xcxq AeGÞGci wbGP AewÕ©Z Avw` eã Dce«¼xcxq AeGÞGci A¯¦tÕ¦ixq Rj cÉPí PvGc ˆei nGq hvIqvi KviGY axGi axGi AebwgZ nGq hvGœQ| eãxq AeevwnKv I MvGãq- eËþcyò e«¼xGci AebgGbi MwZi nvi Õ©vb I Kvj ˆfG` wf®² wf®² ‰es AeevwnKvq Dwïqgvb wngvjq ˆ^GK AeGÞGci mieivn ˆµÏU wePjb «¼viv cÉfvweZ| XvKvi Dîi-cwøGg nvRxcyi K„c ˆ^GK cÉvµ¦ A¯¦f„Æc†Ó¤ Dcvî ˆ^GK ˆ`Lv hvq ˆh eãxq AeevwnKvi A¯¦Z ‰KwU Ask eQGi 2.4 ˆmwg nvGi AebwgZ nGœQ| evsjvG`Gki `wÞYvçGj AewÕ©Z wnRjv-gyjv`x K„c ˆ^GK cÉvµ¦ DcvGî ‰B AebgGbi nvi eQGi AvbygvwbK 2.0 ˆmwg| dwi`cyi Lv`, nvwZqv Lv` I wmGjU Lv`I mÁ¿eZ DcGivwÍÏwLZ nvGi A^ev `Ë‚ZZi nvGi AebwgZ nGœQ| Lyjbv Açj eQGi cÉvq 4 wgwg nvGi AebwgZ nGœQ eGj gGb nq| XvKvi wbÁ²vçGj AebgGbi nvi eQGi 1.88 wgwg| XvKv gnvbMixi wgicyGii wbÁ²vçGj eQGi 0.96 wgwg ‰es ivgcyivq 0.60 wgwg nvGi f„wg ˆ`Ge hvGœQ| XvKv gnvbMi AçGj Mo AebgGbi evrmwiK nvi 0.65 wgwg|

f„Zvwî½K Õ¦Gii AebgGbi jÞYGK f„-c†GÓ¤i mvaviY wbPz nIqv wnGmGe eÅvLÅv Kiv wVK nGe bv| ‰Uv AmsnZ AeGÞc AçGj ‰KwU cÉvK‡wZK cÉwò×qv| KviY ‰wU AwZwiî× fvGii PvGc f„-c†GÓ¤i MfxGi AewÕ©Z AeGÞGci ò×gk mse«¬GbiB cÉwZdjb| mvaviYZ f„-c†GÓ¤ mieivnK‡Z AeGÞc Avi AebgGbi gGaÅ ‰KUv mvgÅveÕ©v weivRgvb ^vGK hvGZ f„-c†GÓ¤i DGÍÏLGhvMÅ cwieZÆb mvwaZ bv nq| AekÅ gvbyGli KvhÆò×Gg AeGÞGci mse«¬Gbi nvi ˆeGo wMGq ‰es AeGÞc mieivGni cwigvY nËvm ˆcGq f„-c†GÓ¤ Aebgb NUGZ cvGi| eÅvcK ebÅv wbq¯¨Y, cqtwbÓ•vkb cÉK͸ A^ev b`xi MwZ cwieZÆb AeGÞc mieivGn evavi m†wÓ¡ KiGZ cvGi| Avevi f„-Afů¦Gii cvwb eÅvcK cwigvGY ZzGj wbGj f„MfÆÕ© cvwbi Pvc DGÍÏLGhvMÅfvGe KGg ˆhGZ cvGi hv AeGÞGci DÍÏÁ¼ mse«¬b e†w«¬ KGi| f„MfÆÕ© cvwb DGîvjGbi KviGY AebgGbi eo eo NUbv eÅvâK, ˆUvwKI, ˆgwÝGKv wmwU, ˆfwbm I KÅvwjGdvwYÆqvi mvb ˆRvqvKzBb DcZÅKvq msNwUZ nGqGQ| XvKv gnvbMixi f„MfÆÕ© cvwbi Õ¦i AGbK ˆbGg ˆMGQ| wK¯§ ‰i dGj DGÍÏLGhvMÅ AebgGbi ˆKvb cÉgvY ‰LbI cvIqv hvq wb| f„MfÆÕ© cvwbi gvòv KGg ˆMGj ˆMvcvjMé-Lyjbv wcU AeevwnKvq Aebgb I evZvm ZvwoZ g†wîKv ÞGqi AvksKv ˆewk| AZ‰e ‰B me AçGj f„MfÆÕ© cvwb D®²qb KvhÆò×g mxwgZ KiGZ nGe|  [ˆgv. mväv` ˆnvGmb]

cv^ÆKÅgƒjK Aebgb (Differential subsidence)  wewf®² ‰jvKvq wewf®² gvòvq f„wgi Aebgb ev eGm hvIqv| Õ©vbPzÅwZ hw` AZwKÆZ ev AvKwÕÃK nq, ZLb ZvGK a»m (collapse) eGj| eo eo wkjvLí A^ev cvwb ev nvBGWÈvKveÆGbi gGZv Zij c`v^Æ eüj cwigvGY AcmviGYi ˆÞGò Aebgb I a»m ài‚GZ½i mGã weGePÅ| f„MfÆÕ© LbbKvhÆ f„wg eGm hvIqvi AvewkÅK KviY hv mnvq mÁ·wîi eÅvcK ÞwZmvab KGi| AekÅ f„MfÆÕ© cvwb ev nvBGWÈvKveÆb DGîvjGbi KviGY ˆh f„wg Aebgb NGU Zv f„MfÆÕ© LbbKvGhÆi ˆPGq Kg| LwbR mÁ·` DGîvjGbi KviGY f„wg AebgGbi ˆhgb AmsLÅ `†Ó¡v¯¦ iGqGQ ˆZgwb f„MfÆÕ© cvwb DGîvjGbi KviGY AebgGbi NUbv DcGi ewYÆZ nGqGQ|

evsjvG`Gk LwbR mÁ·G`i RbÅ f„MfÆÕ© LbbKvhÆ ˆZgb ‰KUv bv nIqvq ‰ ˆÞGò f„wg AebgGbi ˆKvb NUbv Rvbv ˆbB| AekÅ AwZ mÁcÉwZ Õ©vbxq msev`cGò cÉKvwkZ LeGi Rvbv ˆMGQ, AMfxi cvÁ· ewmGq gvwUi A¯¦ZÆj ˆ^GK evjy DGîvjGbi KviGY eàov AçGj f„wg Aebgb NUGQ| eàovi KGqK Õ©vGb weMZ `k eQGi KGqKwU e†nr cyKzGii m†wÓ¡ nGqGQ| be»B `kGKi ˆMvovi w`GK cwiPvwjZ ‰K mgxÞvq ˆ`Lv ˆMGQ, XvKvq f„MfÆÕ© cvwb DGîvjGbi dGj gvwU hZUv `veGQ, f„-MvVwbK DïvGbi (tectonic upliftment) KviGY Avevi ZZUvB ˆRGM DGV ‰KUv mymgZv eRvq ^vKGQ| XvKv knGii wewf®² ‰jvKvi evwo NGi dvUj m†wÓ¡ nIqvi ˆh Lei cvIqv hvq Zvi KviY nqZ wej, wSj, Rjvf„wg ev cxGUi ˆWvevq f„wg ev ŠRe c`vG^Æi Aebgb|  [KvRx gwZb Dwób AvnGg`]