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Kiv cÉK͸wUi DGókÅ| cÉK͸wU 1975 mGbi bGfÁ¼Gi fvjbvGiej MÉ‚cm wdwWs
(wfwR‰d) bvGg ‰KwU òvY KgÆmƒwP wnGmGe `yB eQi mgqKvGji RbÅ `yÕ© gwnjvG`i
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wfwR‰d-‰i gvaÅGg Lv`Å weZiY cÉeZÆb KGi|
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cieZÆx chÆvGqi D®²qGb KvGR jvMvGbvi jGÞÅ cybMÆwVZ nq ‰es 1980-i `kGK
gvSvgvwS ˆ^GK ‰i bZzb bvg nq fvjbvGiej MÉ‚cm ˆWGfjcGg´Ÿ (wfwRwW)| ‰i
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miKvi 1996-‰i RyjvB gvGm ˆÕ¡ËbG`wbs BbwÕ¡wUDkbm di dzW AÅvwmGÕ¡W ˆWGfjcGg´Ÿ
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KgÆmƒwPi gGaÅ iGqGQ mçq, `jwfwîK mvgvwRK mGPZbZv ARÆb, KgÆgyLx wkÞv,
DcvRÆbÞg KvRKGgÆ `ÞZv jvGfi cÉwkÞY ‰es FY`vb| 1999-2000 ermGi wfwRwW
KgÆmƒwPGZ Lv`ÅkmÅ e¥ŸGbi cwigvY 192 nvRvi ˆgwUÇK UGbiI ˆewk|
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