eo ˆmvbv gmwR` myjZvwb evsjvi ivRavbx ˆMŒo-jLGbŒwZi
meÆe†nr gmwR` ‰es evsjvq gymwjg Õ©vcGZÅi PiGgvrKGlÆi wb`kÆb| bvGgi wgj
mGî½I ˆQvU ˆmvbv gmwR` ‰i mGã ‰i Šemv`†kÅ iGqGQ| AjsKiGYi ˆÞGò
ˆQvU ˆmvbv gmwR` mÁ¿eZ meÆvwaK wbLuyZ nGjI eo ˆmvbv gmwRG`i AbvoÁ¼i
aib ‰es w«¼àGYiI AwaK AvqZb ‰GK ‰gwb RuvKvj I gwngvw¯¼Z KGi ZzGjGQ,
ˆhgbwU ˆ`Gki AbÅ ˆKvb gmwRG` ˆ`Lv hvq bv|
eo
ˆmvbv gmwR` ˆK wbgÆvY KGib Zv ‰LbI AwbwøZ| Ebwesk kZvõxi cÉ^g w`GK ˆgRi
dÌvâwjb KZƇK gmwRG`i wbKGU ‰KwU wkjvwjwc AvweÓ•‡Z nq| ‰wUGK cÉvqk ‰
gmwRG`iB wkjvwjwc eGj gGb Kiv nq| ‰GZ DwÍÏwLZ mgqKvj 932 wnRwi (1526
wLË.) ˆ^GK Abygvb Kiv nq ˆh, myjZvb bvwmi‚óxb bymiZ kvn KZ‡ÆK
gmwR`wU wbwgÆZ| wK¯§ mÁ·ÉwZ gmwRG`i wVK evBGi Dîi-cwøg ˆKvGYi a»smveGkGli
gGaÅ cÉvµ¦ Aci ‰KwU wkjvwjwc ˆ^GK ‰ aviYv mwVK eGj gGb nq bv| gvj`n
ivÓ¡Ëxq Rv`yNGi msiwÞZ ‰ wkjvwjwcGZ 930 wnRwiGZ (1523 wLË.) bymiZ kvn
KZƇK ‰KwU cÉGek«¼vi wbgÆvGYi DGÍÏL iGqGQ| ˆhGnZz wkjvwjwcwU gmwRG`i
Lye KvQvKvwQ a»smveGkGli gGaÅ cvIqv ˆMGQ, ZvB ‰ a»smveGkl AekÅB gmwRG`i
wekvj cÉGekcG^i| ‰ wkjvwjwcGZ DrKxYÆ ZvwiL dÌvâwjGbi wkjvwjwci mgqKvj
AGcÞv `yB-wZb eQi cƒeÆeZÆx| myZivs gmwR` wbgÆvGYi cƒGeÆB Zvi cÉGekc^
wbwgÆZ nGqwQj ‰K^v hywî×mãZ bq, eis ‰UvB cÉPwjZ ixwZ ˆh, gƒj BgviZ wbgÆvGYi
cGiB Zvi cÉGekc^ wbwgÆZ nq|
eo
ˆmvbv gmwRG`i MVbixwZi mGã bymiZ kvn KZƇK wbwgÆZ evNv gmwR` ‰i
myÕ·Ó¡ Šemv`†kÅ iGqGQ| evNv gmwRG`i cÉvq
Bmjvwg ixwZi mvG^ mãwZ ˆiGL mKj AsGkB ˆcvovgvwUi djGKi AjsKiY
iGqGQ| wK¯§ eo ˆmvbv gmwR` mv`vgvUv I cÉvq AjsKiYewRÆZ| ZGe gmwRG`i
meGPGq ài‚Z½cƒYÆ Ask wnGmGe weGewPZ wgnive AbÅ me gmwRG`i gGZvB
eÅvcKfvGe AjsK‡Z| wK¯§ eZÆgvGb meB a»smcÉvµ¦| AvjvDóxb ˆnvGmb kvn ‰i ivRZ½KvGji mÁ¿eZ cÉ^g w`GK Zuvi ˆKvb Iqvjx KZƇK wbwgÆZ
ˆQvU ˆmvbv gmwRG`i mGã evnÅZ eo ˆmvbv gmwRG`i NwbÓ¤ mv`†kÅ iGqGQ|
‰ `yB gmwRG`i mv`†kÅ ‰es mÁ·ÉwZ AvweÓ•‡Z wkjvwjwcGZ 1523 wLËÓ¡vGõi
DGÍÏL ˆ^GK gGb nq, AvjvDóxb ˆnvGmb kvGni ivRGZ½i ˆkl w`GK gmwR`wU
wbwgÆZ nGqwQj| AvjvDóxb ˆnvGmb kvn Zuvi ivRGZ½i ˆkl w`GK ivgGKwji
wbKUeZÆx gƒj knGii Dîi I Dîi-cwøg w`GK eyRyMÆ ümvBbvev` bvGg ‰KwU
bMi cÉwZÓ¤v KGib| mÁ¿eZ AmÁ·ƒYÆ ‰ bMi eZÆgvGb wejyµ¦| wK¯§ ‰i
AbÅZg wb`kÆb gmwR`wU ‰LbI wUGK AvGQ|
|
fƒwg bKkv: eo ˆmvbv gmwR` |
bKkvi
w`K ˆ^GK `vwLj `iIqvRv I ‰B myjZvGbi mgqKvi eGj gGb Kiv nq| gmwR`wU mvaviYZ ‘evGiv`yqvix’
ev evGiv `iRvwewkÓ¡ eGj cwiwPZ| ‰wU mÁ¿eZ AvKvGi ‰i wekvjZvi cÉKvk|
Avwe` Avjx AekÅ ‰GK wf®²fvGe eÅvLÅv KGiGQb| Zuvi gGZ, evGiv`yqvixi mvaviY
A^Æ ‘ˆkÉvZvG`i wgjbvqZb’ ‰es gmwRG`i mÁÃyLfvGMi weÕ¦‡Z AãbB gmwRG`i
‰ bvgKiGYi KviY|
gmwR`wU
BGUi Muv^ywbi Dci cv^Gii AvÕ¦iGY wbwgÆZ| Pvi ˆKvGY cÉPwjZ AÓ¡fzR
eyi‚Rmn AvqZvKvi ‰ gmwRG`i Š`NÆÅ 51.2 wgUvi ‰es cÉÕ© 23.15 wgUvi|
mÁÃyLfvGM iGqGQ Dîi-`wÞY eivei weÕ¦‡Z eviv±`v, ‰MvGivwU mƒPÅMÉ
wLjvbhyî× cÉGekc^ ‰es Dîi I `wÞY w`GK ‰KwU KGi cÉGekc^| Dîi I
`wÞY w`GK AwZwiî× wZbwU KGi cÉGekc^mn gmwR`wU wZb AvBjwewkÓ¡|
|
|
eo ˆmvbv gmwR` |
AvqZvKvi cyi‚ Õ¦GÁ¿i Dci Õ©vwcZ ˆcG´£w´ŸGfi Dci emvGbv AvGQ ˆgvU 44wU
MÁ¼yR| eZÆgvGb ˆKej eviv±`vi DcGii MÁ¼yRàwj ‰es gmwRG`i cvk¼ÆG`qvj wUGK
AvGQ| gmwRG`i Dîi-cwøg ˆKvGY ‰K mgq PviwU Õ¦Á¿c^ RyGo ‰KwU ivRKxq MÅvjvwi
wQj ‰es ‰i DcGi wQj PviwU MÁ¼yR| Acivci me gmwRG`i bÅvq MÅvjvwii cÉGekc^
wQj evBGii w`GK| gmwRG`i ‰MvGivwU cÉGekc^ eivei Õ©vwcZ wgniveàwji meB
‰Lb cÉvq a»smcÉvµ¦|
mÁÃyGL
D¯Ãyî× cÉvãYmn gmwRG`i cƒeÆ I Dîi w`GKi `ywU cÉGek«¼vi ‰LbI we`Ågvb|
gvSLvb eivei wLjvbc^ wewkÓ¡ cÉGek«¼vi `ywU ‰KB aiGbi ‰es gƒj BgviGZi
eò×vK‡wZ QvG`i mGã mãwZcƒYÆ|
gmwR`wU
mv`vgvUvfvGe wbgÆvGYi KviY mG¯¦vlRbKfvGe eÅvLÅvZ nq wb| ZGe gaÅhyGM
fviZxq DcgnvG`Gk wbwgÆZ e†n`vqZb ˆmŒaàwji mGã Zzjbv KGi ‰i ‰KwU eÅvLÅv
nqZ ˆ`Iqv hvq| BG±`v-gymwjg Õ©vcGZÅ mvaviYZ AGcÞvK‡Z ˆQvU Õ©vcZÅKGgÆ
‘ˆmŒ±`hÆ’ I ‘mƒß Kvi‚KvR’ jÞÅ Kiv hvq| BgviGZi AvKvi hZ eo nq Zvi mvijÅI
ZZ ˆewk nq| ‰LvGb ‘MvÁ¿xhÆ’ I ‘AwZ-AjsKiY’ ˆh cvkvcvwk PGj bv, eo ˆmvbv
gmwRG`i KvwiMiG`i gGaÅ ‰ `†wÓ¡fwã wQj myÕ·Ó¡| Avi hw` gmwR`wU ˆnvGmb
kvn KZƇK Zuvi ivRGZ½i ˆkl w`GK wbwgÆZ nGq ^vGK, ZvnGj ‰KRb e†G«¬i mij
Rxeb-hvcGbi cÉfveI nqZ ‰i cwiK͸bv I bKkvq cGo ^vKGe| [‰.we.‰g ˆnvGmb]
