eUZjv KjKvZv Z^v evsjvi gy`ËY I cÉKvkbv wkG͸i Avw` Õ©vb| eZÆgvGb ‰wU KjKvZvi
‰KwU ^vbvi bvg| ˆkvfvevRvi-wPrcyi ‰jvKvi ‰KwU wekvj eUMvQGK ˆK±`Ê KGi
‰B bvGgi Drcwî nq| Dwbk kZGK evsjvi gy`ËY I cÉKvkbv wk͸ ‰LvGbB ÷i‚
nGqwQj| ‰B eUMvQ ‰es Zvi cvk¼ÆeZÆx ‰jvKvq ˆh gy`ËY I cÉKvkbv wk͸ MGo
DGVwQj, Zv cÉavbZ mvaviY I AaÆwkwÞZ cvVGKi Pvwn`v ˆgUvZ| ZvG`i i‚wP
Abyhvqx Mɯ©, ˆhgb cyw^ , cuvPvwj, cwéKv , cyivY , ˆjvKKvwnbx BZÅvw` ‰Lvb ˆ^GK cÉKvwkZ nGZv| eUMvGQi PvicvGki Awj-MwjmgƒnI
mvaviYfvGe eUZjv bvGg cwiwPZ wQj ‰es ‰Lvb ˆ^GK ˆhme Mɯ© cÉKvwkZ nGZv
Zv nxbvG^Æ ‘eUZjvi cyw^’ bvGg LÅvZ wQj| ZGe D®²Z mvwnZÅaviv KZƆK DcnwmZ
nGjI Dwbk kZGKi ˆklfvM chƯ¦ ˆ`Gki cÉKvkbv wkG͸ eUZjv mvwnGZÅi wbRÕ¼
‰KUv Õ©vb wQj| ‰i h^v^Æ cÉgvY cvIqv hvq ewâgPG±`Êi ‰KwU Dwî×GZ| wZwb
`yGMÆkbw±`bx (1865) DcbÅvGm eUZjvi ˆ`exi wbKU wbGRi ˆjLbxkwî×i
e†w«¬ Kvgbv KGiGQb, hvGZ ˆjLvi gvaÅGg wZwb cÉPzi A^Æ jvf KiGZ cvGib|
‰ Dwî×i ˆcQGb cÉœQ®² eÅã ^vKGjI ‰i gvaÅGg ZrKvGj eUZjv mvwnGZÅi eÅvcK
weÕ¦vi I cÉfvGei wPòwUB dzGU DGVGQ|
eUZjvi
ˆjLK I cÉKvkKiv ŠelwqK jvfvjvGfi K^v wP¯¦v KGiB ÷ay cyivY-Kvwnbx, ˆjvKKvwnbx ,
cuvPvwj ‰es cwéKvB cÉKvk KiGZb, KviY mvaviY cvVGKi wbKU ‰àwji
eÅvcK Pvwn`v wQj| Dwbk kZGKi gaÅfvM chƯ¦ AwaKvsk cyÕ¦K I cÉPvicò ‰B
eUZjv ˆ^GKB cÉKvwkZ nGZv| wK¯§ 1850-‰i `kK ˆ^GK eUZjv gy`ËY I cÉKvkbv
wkG͸i ˆK±`Ê wnGmGe Zvi cƒeÆ HwZnÅ nvivGZ ^vGK| ævb-weævb I D®²Z i‚wPi
Mɯ©mgƒn eUZjvi ˆPŒnwó I cÉwZfvi evBGi ˆ^GK cÉKvwkZ nGZ ^vGK| Zv mGî½I
Dwbk kZGKi ˆklfvM chƯ¦ cÉKvkbvi ˆK±`Ê wnGmGe eUZjv Zvi ài‚Z½ aGi ivLGZ
mÞg nq|
eUZjv
ˆh ˆKej wbÁ²gvGbi Mɯ©B cÉKvk KGiGQ Zv bq; Zv ˆ`Gki gy`ËY I cÉKvkbv
cÉhywî×i D®²qGbI eÅvcK Ae`vb ˆiGLGQ| MÉG¯© Qwe I wPò msGhvRb ‰es bvbviKg
AjâiY eUZjviB Ae`vb| BDGivGci KvVGLv`vB I cÉÕ¦iGLv`vB cÉhywî×i AbyKiGY
wPò msGhvRGbi gvaÅGg eUZjvi gy`ËvKiiv MÉG¯©i àYvàY e†w«¬ KiGZb, hv AvGM
‰ ˆ`Gk KviI Rvbv wQj bv| ˆ`eG`exi ‰es AbÅvbÅ ˆcŒivwYK Qwe ˆò×ZvG`i AvK‡Ó¡
KiZ| Zviv ‰me w`Gq evwo-Ni mwäZ KiZ| MvGQi WvGj eGm kÉxK‡Gúi euvwk evRvGbvi
Qwe NGii ‰KwU cweò Dcv`vGb cwiYZ nGqwQj| eUZjvi wk͸xG`i wbwgÆZ `yMÆv
I Kvjxi QweI Abyi…c RbwcÉq nGqwQj| eUZjvi cÉKvkKiv AZxZ I mgmvgwqK KvGji
weLÅvZ eÅwî×G`i Qwe, abxG`i cÉvmv` ‰es wewf®² ˆgjv I DrmGei Qwe w`Gq
Mɯ© mwäZ KiGZb| ‰i dGj ZuvG`i cÉKvwkZ MÉG¯©i Pvwn`v eüàGY e†w«¬ ˆcZ|
‰me Ae`vGbi K^v weGePbv KGi wbwøZ ejv hvq ˆh, eUZjv ÷ay ZLb be cÉwZwÓ¤Z
cÉKvkbv wkG͸i wVKvbvB nGq IGV wb, eis Dwbk kZGKi evsjvi msÕ•‡wZ I cÉhywî×i
cÉZxK nGq DGVwQj|
wek
kZGKi ÷i‚ ˆ^GK eUZjv wkwÞZ f`ËmgvGRi wbKU ˆgavi wec^MvwgZv, evwYwRÅK
meÆÕ¼Zv ‰es Kzi‚wPcƒYÆ I AkÏxj cÉKvkbvi mgv^ÆK wnGmGe cÉwZfvZ nGZ ^vGK|
i‚wPmÁ·®² ˆjLK I cÉKvkKiv eUZjvGK ‰KwU DcnvGmi welq wnGmGe AwfwnZ KiGZ
÷i‚ KGib| ‰B `†wÓ¡fwãi ‰LbI cwieZÆb nq wb| XvKvi evsjvevRviGKI ‰KB AG^Æ
‘cƒeÆeGãi eUZjv’ wnGmGe AvLÅvwqZ Kiv nq| ZGe KjKvZvi eUZjvi cÉfve eZÆgvGb
nËvm ˆcGjI XvKvi eUZjv evsjvevRvi mvaviY gvbyGli DcGhvMx Mɯ© cÉKvGki
gvaÅGg ‰LbI Zvi cÉfve eRvq ˆiGLGQ| [wmivRyj Bmjvg]