eãxq mvwnZÅ cwil`   ‰KwU mvwnZÅ msÕ©v| ‰j wjIUvWÆ I ˆÞòcvj Pò×eZÆxi DG`ÅvGM 1893 mvGji 23 RyjvB ‘ˆeãj ‰KvGWgx Ae wjUvGiPvi’ bvGg ‰wU cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq| cieZÆxKvGj ‰i bvg cwieZÆb KGi ‘eãxq mvwnZÅ cwil`’ ivLv nq| ‰i hvòv ÷i‚ nq KjKvZvi ˆkvfvevRvGi webqK‡ú ˆ`e-‰i evmfeGb|

evsjv mvwnGZÅi D®²wZ mvab wQj cwilG`i gƒj DGókÅ| wK¯§ cÉ^g w`GK ‰i cÉvq me KvRB BsGiwRGZ mÁ·®² nGZv| ‰gbwK mfvi gyLcò wnGmGe cÉKvwkZ gvwmK cwòKv w` ˆeãj ‰KvGWgx Ae wjUvGiPvi-‰i AwaKvskB wjwce«¬ nGZv BsGiwRGZ| ‰B AmãwZ `ƒi Kivi DGóGkÅ DGgkP±`Ê eUeÅvGji cÉÕ¦vevbymvGi 1894 mvGji 18 ˆdeË‚qvwi cwilG`i mfvq gyLcòwU w` ˆeãj ‰KvGWgx Ae wjUvGiPvi I eãxq mvwnZÅ cwil`  ‰ Dfq bvGgB cÉKvk Kivi wm«¬v¯¦ M†nxZ nq| 1894 mvGji 29 ‰wcÉGji mfvq cwilG`i bvgwU ‘eãxq mvwnZÅ cwil`’ wnGmGe meÆmÁÃZò×Gg M†nxZ nq| ‰ici ˆ^GK cwilG`i gyLcòwU mvwnZÅ cwil` cwòKv bvGg ŠògvwmK cwòKv wnGmGe evsjvq cÉKvwkZ nGZ ^vGK|

1894 mvGj cwilG`i mfvcwZ wQGjb iGgkP±`Ê `î , mn-mfvcwZ wQGjb iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi I bexbP±`Ê ˆmb ‰es mÁ·v`K wQGjb ‰j wjIUvWÆ, ˆ`Ge±`Êbv^ gyGLvcvaÅvq I ivGg±`Êmy±`i wòGe`x |

cwilG`i wbRÕ¼ ‰KwU KvhÆvjq cÉwZÓ¤vi RbÅ 1899 mvGji 19 ˆdeË‚qvwi w«¼GR±`Êbv^ VvKzi ‰i mfvcwZGZ½ cwilG`i ‰K weGkl AwaGekb AbywÓ¤Z nq| mfvi wm«¬v¯¦ Abyhvqx cwilG`i KvhÆvjq 137/1 KbÆIqvwjm Õ¡ËxGU ‰KwU fvov evwoGZ mwiGq ˆbIqv nq|

wek kZGKi cÉ^g `kGK cwilG`i KGjei hG^Ó¡ e†w«¬ cvq| ‰ mgGq ‰i m`mÅ msLÅv 523-‰ D®²xZ nq| cÉLÅvZ m`mÅG`i gGaÅ wQGjb iGgkP±`Ê `î, iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi, bexbP±`Ê ˆmb, ˆ`Ge±`Êbv^ gyGLvcvaÅvq, ivq hZx±`Êbv^ ˆPŒayix, mGZű`Êbv^ VvKzi , ˆRÅvwZwi±`Êbv^ VvKzi , MMGb±`Êbv^ VvKzi , iRbxKv¯¦ ൦, ivGg±`Êmy±`i wòGe`x, ˆ`Ge±`ÊcÉmv` ˆNvl, bGi±`Êbv^ wgò, Ag†ZK‡ú gwÍÏK, myGikP±`Ê mgvRcwZ I w«¼GR±`Êbv^ emy| 1906 mvGj cwilG`i ‰K weGkl AwaGekGb KjKvZvi evBGi cwilG`i kvLv Õ©vcGbi wm«¬v¯¦ M†nxZ nq| ‰i ciciB iscyGi ‰KwU kvLv cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq| Kvjò×Gg evsjvi wewf®² ˆRjv knGi I evsjvi evBGiI 30wU kvLv cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq| Pvi‚P±`Ê ˆNvl, iRbxKv¯¦ ൦, nxGi±`Êbv^ `î, myGikP±`Ê mgvRcwZ I bGM±`Êbv^ emy cwilG`i wbR evmM†n wbgÆvGYi RbÅ KvwmgevRvGii gnvivRv gYx±`ÊP±`Ê b±`xi ÕÃiYvc®² nb| wZwb nvjkxevMvGb mvZ KvVv RvqMv cwil`GK `vb KGib| 1909 mvGji ˆklw`GK cwil` Õ©vqx KvhÆvjGq Õ©vbv¯¦wiZ nq|

ev®¬e, wewkÓ¡, AvRxeb, mnvqK I mvaviY cwilG` ‰B cuvP aiGbi m`mÅc` iGqGQ| ˆhGKvb eÅwî× cwilG`i mvaviY m`mÅ wbeÆvwPZ nGZ cvGib|

evsjv fvlvq bvbv welGqi MGelYvq c†Ó¤GcvlKZv KGi cwil` we«¼rmgvGR eÅvcKfvGe mgv`†Z nGqGQ| msÕ•‡Z, Aviwe I BsGiwR fvlv nGZ eü Mɯ© Abyev` I cÉKvk Kiv ‰es `yÓcÉvcÅ evsjv Mɯ©, mvwnZÅ I MGelYv wbqwgZ cyÕ¦KvKvGi cÉKvk Kiv cwilG`i AbÅZg cÉavb KvR| cwilG`i cÉKvwkZ Mɯ©àwji gGaÅ ˆhvGMkP±`Ê ivq we`Åvwbwai evsjv kõGKvl, kÉxK‡úKxZÆb, msev`cGò ˆmKvGji K^v I mvwnZÅmvaK PwiZgvjv weGklfvGe DGÍÏLGhvMÅ|

MGelYv KvR QvovI cwil` AviI wKQy welGq AvMÉn ˆ`wLGqwQj| cÉvPxb gy`Ëv, cÉÕ¦igƒwZÆ, avZzgƒwZÆ, ZvgËkvmb, cÉvPxb wPò, mvwnwZÅK I wewkÓ¡ eÅwî×MGYi eÅen…Z `ËeÅvw`, nÕ¦wjwc cò I `vbcòvw`, cÉvPxb AÕ¨kÕ¨, cvíywjwc (weLÅvZ ˆjLGKi iPbv) I cÉvPxb `wjj cÉf‡wZ wefvMmg†«¬ ‰KwU wPòkvjvI MVb Kiv nGqGQ| eü eQGii ˆPÓ¡vi dGj cwil` ‰KwU mg†«¬ Mɯ©vMvi MGo ZzjGZ mÞg nGqGQ, ˆhLvGb iGqGQ ˆek wKQy `yjÆf cÉvPxb cyÕ¦K| cwilG`i wbRÕ¼ mçq, Dcnvi cÉvµ¦ I `vbjº¬ cyÕ¦Kvw` Qvov Ck¼iP±`Ê we`ÅvmvMi , iGgkP±`Ê `î, mGZű`Êbv^ `î, webqK‡ú ˆ`e, FGZ±`Êbv^ VvKzi, ˆcÉgmy±`i emy I hZx±`Êbv^ cvGji mvZwU gƒjÅevb Mɯ©"msMÉn cwil` Mɯ©vMvGii Aãxf„Z nIqvq ‰wU nGq DGVGQ AviI mg†«¬| Mɯ©vMvGi cyÕ¦GKi msLÅv cÉvq ˆ`o jÞ|

hZx±`Êbv^ ˆPŒayix I iRbxKv¯¦ àGµ¦i weGkl AvMÉGn cÉvPxb evsjv I msÕ•‡Z cyw^ msMÉGni ˆh ˆPÓ¡v ˆbIqv nGqwQj, ZviB dj wnGmGe cwil` jvBGeËwiGZ eZÆgvGb cyw^i msLÅv cÉvq mvZ nvRvi| kÉxK‡úKxZÆGbi ‰Kgvò cyw^ cwilG` msiwÞZ|

Mɯ©"cÉKvk, c`K I cyiÕ•vi `vb, `yÕ© mvwnwZÅK fvívi MVb cÉf‡wZ m`byÓ¤vGb mnvqZv Kivi RbÅ AGbK gnvbyfe eÅwî× eãxq mvwnZÅ cwilG` MwœQZ Znwej (Endowment Funds) Õ©vcb KGiGQb| cywjbwenvix `î KZ‡ÆK cÉwZwÓ¤Z `yÕ© mvwnwZÅK fvívGii Avq nGZ eü `yÕ© mvwnwZÅK cwieviGK A^Æ mvnvhÅ Kiv nGqGQ|  [ˆgvt gyî×vw`i Avwid ˆgvRvGÁÃj]