cvU Tiliaceae eGMÆi Corchorus
MYfzî× w«¼exRcòx Auvkhyî× Dw«¿`| evwYwRÅKfvGe ài‚Z½cƒYÆ
cvU Auvk cÉavbZ `ywU cÉRvwZ, mv`vcvU
(Corchorus capsularis) I ˆZvlvcvU (Corchorus olitorius) ˆ^GK Drc®² nq| mv`v I ˆZvlv
cvGUi DrcwîÕ©j h^vò×Gg `wÞY Pxbmn BG±`v-evgÆv ‰es f„gaÅmvMixq AvwdÌKv|
mÁ¿eZ Dwoqv kõ
jhuta ev jota ˆ^GK jute kõwUi D«¿e| AekÅ, ‘RyUv’ I ‘cë’ eÕ¨ eÅenvGii K^v h^vò×Gg
evBGej ‰es gbymswnZv I gnvfviGZ DGÍÏL AvGQ hv ‰Z`çGj cvU`ËGeÅi mycÉvPxb
eÅenvGii mvÞÅen|
evsjvG`k QvovI fviZ, ˆbcvj,
gvqvbgvi, Pxb, ZvBIqvb, ^vBjÅv´£, wfGqZbvg, KÅvGÁ¼vwWqv, eËvwRj ‰es
AbÅvbÅ AviI KGqKwU ˆ`Gk cvGUi Avev` nq| evwYwRÅK w`K ˆ^GK evsjvG`k ‰K
mgGq ‰KGPwUqv myweavcÉvµ¦ ˆ`k wnGmGe weGewPZ nGZv ‰es 1947-48 mvj chƯ¦
wek¼evRvGi ‰G`k ˆ^GK cÉvq 80% cvU iµ¦vwb nGZv| wK¯§ 1975-76 mvj bvMv`
‰ AeÕ©vi cwieZÆb NGU ‰es eZÆgvGb wek¼ Pvwn`vi kZKiv gvò 25 fvM cvU evsjvG`k
ˆ^GK evBGi hvq| ‰ AebwZi eo KviY c†w^exi AbÅvbÅ KGqKwU ˆ`Gki mGã ZxeË
cÉwZGhvwMZv ‰es ˆmmGã wek¼evRvGi K‡wòg Z¯§i AvwefÆve|
|
|
gvV ˆ^GK cvU KvUv |
wbPzRwgGZ cvU KvUv |
cÉvPxbKvj ˆ^GKB
fviGZ cvGUi Pvl nGq AvmGQ| ‰K mgGq ‰wU evMvGbi Dw«¿` wnGmGe weGewPZ
nGZv| ZLb ‰i eÅenvi wQj mxwgZ; ˆKej cvZv mewR I wPwKrmvi KvGR eÅen…Z
nGZv| Dúgíj I Dc-Dúgíjxq wewf®² Rjevqyi cwiGeGk cvU RG¯Ã| gvPÆ, ‰wcÉj
I ˆg chƯ¦ cÉwZ gvGm meÆwbÁ² 250 wgwg e†wÓ¡cvZmn ˆhLvGb evwlÆK e†wÓ¡cvZ
1500 wgwg ev ZGZvwaK ˆmLvGb cvU fvj djb ˆ`q| cÉGqvRbxq Zvcgvòvi mxgvGiLv
18°-33° ˆm| cvU elÆvKvjxb dmj| evsjvG`Gk mvaviYZ exRecb ÷i‚
nq ˆdeË‚qvwii ˆkGl ‰es cÉRvwZGfG` ˆg gvGmi ˆkl chƯ¦ PGj| cvUPvl cÉvK-elÆv
ˆgŒmyGgi e†wÓ¡cvZ I Av`ËÆZvi Ici AGbKUv wbfÆikxj| mv`vcvU AwaKZi cvwbmwnúz
weavq mvaviYZ wbPzRwg, ‰gbwK Rjve«¬ RwgGZI Pvl Kiv hvq| AbÅw`GK Rje«¬Zv
ˆZvlvcvGUi RbÅ ÞwZKi, ZvB gvSvwi ˆ^GK wbÁ²-gvSvwi RwgGZ Pvl Kiv nq|
KGqK aiGbi RwgGZ,
K`Æg ˆ^GK ˆeGj-ˆ`vAuvk chƯ¦
fvj DeÆiZvmn 5.0-8.6 chƯ¦ AÁÏgvGbi
(pH) gvwUGZ cvU djvGbv hvq|
cvU PvGli RbÅ cÉGqvRbxq Rjevqy
evsjvG`Gki MÉxÓÃ ˆgŒmyGg we`Ågvb ^vKvq Dî× mgGqB ‰i Avev` nq| DœP Zvcgvòv,
chÆvµ¦ e†wÓ¡cvZ, cwiœQ®² AvKvk cvGUi `Ë‚Z e†w«¬GZ mnvqK| ˆ`kx cvGUi
ˆPGq ˆZvlvcvU wKQyUv cGi eybGZ nq| ZGe RwgGZ Ryb-RyjvB gvGm cvwb RGg
hvIqvi mÁ¿vebv ^vKGj ˆm RwgGZ cvU wKQyUv AvMvg ecb Kiv DwPZ|
Õ¼civMvwqZ ‰es 14 ˆRvov ˆò×vGgvGRvgen
‰B dmGji e†w«¬i RbÅ `xNÆ AvGjvK-w`eGmi cÉGqvRb| exRecGbi ci AuvGki RbÅ
dmj ZzjGZ 4 ˆ^GK 5 gvm mgq jvGM| dzj Avmvi mgqB cvU KvUGZ nq| Auvk cvIqv
hvq KvGíi evÕ¡ ev ˆdÑvGqg Õ¦i ˆ^GK| cvUPvl kÉgNb ‰es AwaKvsk ˆÞGòB Pvlxiv
cÉvw¯¦K, `wi`Ë I Þz`Ë Lvgvwi| mdj PvlvevG`i RbÅ RwgcÉÕ§Z Lye ài‚Z½cƒYÆ|
‰RbÅ 3-5wU AvovAvwo Pvl I gB w`Gq Rwg gm†Y Kiv ‰es RwgGZ 20 kZvsGki
ˆewk RxeeÕ§ ^vKv AvekÅK| gvwUi aib Abyhvqx mvaviYZ
NPK A^Ævr bvBGUÇvGRb-dmdivm-cUvwkqvGgi
h^vbycvGZ ˆMveiI eÅen…Z nq| evsjvG`Gk K‡lKiv cvUPvGl mPivPi ˆKvb ivmvqwbK
mvi eÅenvi KGi bv| AekÅ, eÅen…Z nGj wZb chÆvGq Kiv nq: Rwg cÉÕ§GZi mgq
‰Kevi ‰es h^vmgGq UcGWÈwms wnGmGe `y’evi| cwiPhÆvi mgq AwZwiî× cvUMvQ
ZzGj ˆdjv QvovI AvMvQv cwiÓ•vi AvekÅK| wQwUGq ecGb mvaviYZ cÉwZ ˆnÙGi
jvGM 10-12 ˆKwR exR| mvwiGZ ecGb exR jvGM wKQyUv Kg| K‡lGKiv exGRi RbÅ
exR cwicØ bv nIqv chƯ¦ (AGÙvei-bGfÁ¼i) dmGji wKQyUv ˆiGL ˆ`q| cvU KvUvi
ci wbw`ÆÓ¡ msLÅK MvQ w`Gq AuvwU ˆeuGa cvZv SivGbvi RbÅ Zviv ˆmàwjGK
5-7 w`b RwgGZ `uvo KwiGq ivGL| Zvici AuvwUàwj cvwbGZ WzevGbv nq| Õ¼œQ
I g±`en cvwb cvU RvM ˆ`Iqvi RbÅ mGeÆvîg| evGiv ˆ^GK 15 w`b ci RvM mÁ·®²
nGj nvZ w`Gq KvwV ˆ^GK Auvk c†^K KGi ayGq ˆivG` ÷KvGbv nq| ÷KvGbvi ci
K‡lKiv Õ©vbxq evRvGi cvU wewò× KGi|
evsjvG`Gki cÉvq mKj ˆRjvGZ
cvU Drc®² nGjI dwi`cyi, UvãvBj, hGkvi, XvKv, wmivRMé, eàov I RvgvjcyiB
cÉavb cvUPvl Açj| cvUPvlvaxb ˆgvU Rwgi cwigvY cÉvq 5,59,838 ˆnÙi ‰es
ˆgvU Drcv`b cÉvq 53,10,500 ˆej| evsjvG`k cvU MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU ‰ chƯ¦
27wU DœPdjbkxj I D®²Z gvGbi cvGUi RvZ
(cultivar) D«¿veb KGiGQ|
cvURvZ mvgMÉx
cvU I cvURvZ mvgMÉx eüj eÅen…Z|
cÉvPxbKvj ˆ^GK cÅvGKwRsGqi KuvPvgvj wnGmGe cvU eÅen…Z nGq AvmGQ| evwYwRÅK
cYÅ wnGmGe eÅen…Z nIqvi AvGM ‰wU c†w^exi wewf®² AçGj iwk, nvGZ ŠZwi
Kvco, wkKv I M†nmävi mvgMÉxmn M†nÕ©vwj I LvgvGi DcKiY wnGmGe eÅen…Z
nGZv|
gaÅhyGM evsjvq cvURvZ `ËGeÅi
gGaÅ MvwbeÕ¦v I cvUkvwoi eüj eÅenvGii Z^Å cvIqv hvq| AvVvGiv kZK
ˆ^GK weG`Gk MvwbeÅvM iµ¦vwb nGqGQ| cvGUi cvZv I gƒj Õ©vbxq ˆjvGKiv
ˆflR I mewR wnGmGe eÅenvi KGi| kGYi weK͸ wnGmGe cvGUi evwYwRÅK
eÅenvi AviÁ¿ nq cwøg BDGivGc, weGklZ Wvw´£GZ| cvURvZ `ËGeÅi cÉ^vMZ
eÅenvi cÉavbZ cvKvGbv myZv, kî× Kvco, PGUi eÅvM, UzBj Kvco, KvGcÆU
eÅvwKs, Dj-cÅvK, gv`yi, ˆgvUv Kvco, ˆ`qvj-AvœQv`b, MvwjPv I wewf®²
aiGbi M†nmävi eÕ¨ cÉf‡wZGZ mxgve«¬| |
|
cvGUi ŠZwi mvgMÉx |
cvU MGelYv cvGUi ài‚Z½ Abyaveb KGi 1900 mvGj fviZ miKvi Z`vbx¯¦b Awefî× evsjvi
RbÅ ‰KRb cvU weGklæ wbGqvM KGib| ‰ MGelK ‰es Zuvi mnKgÆxiv cieZÆxGZ
KGqKwU D®²ZRvGZi cvU D«¿veb KGib| ‰i gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ KvwKqv ˆevÁ¼vB
(Kakya Bombai), wW154 ‰es Chinsurah Green| 1938 mvGj XvKvq meÆcÉ^g ‰KwU
Õ¼qs mÁ·ƒYÆ cvU MGelYvMvi
(Indian Jute Research Institute)
cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq ‰es cÉvq ‰KB mgGq KjKvZvi UvwjMGé ‰KwU cÉhywî× MGelYvMviI
Õ©vwcZ nq| 1951 mvGj K‡wl g¯¨YvjGqi DG`ÅvGM XvKvq ˆK±`Êxq cvU KwgwU
(Central Jute Committee) MwVZ nq ‰es 1957 mvGj ˆZRMuvI-‰
‰KwU cvU MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq| eZÆgvGb XvKvi ˆkGi-evsjv bMGi
gvwbK wgTv ‰wfwbD-‰ AewÕ©Z ‰B MGelYvMvi evsjvG`k cvU MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU
bvGg cwiwPZ|
cvU Pvl wbq¯¨GYi RbÅ cÉvG`wkK
miKvi 1940 mvGj
Jute
Regulation Directorate Õ©vcb
KGi| ‰ Awa`µ¦i cvUPvl, Drcv`b ‰es Pvl ‰jvKv wbaÆviYmn cvUPvGli RbÅ Pvlx
wbw`ÆÓ¡ Kivi `vwqZ½I cvjb KiZ| 1949 mvGj cvU eÅemvq msò×v¯¦ welqvw`
Z`viwKi RbÅ cvwKÕ¦vb miKvi RyU ˆevWÆ MVb KGi| ‰ eÅvcvGi Jute Trading Corporation, Jute Price Stabilization Corporation
‰es
Jute Marketing Corporation
cÉGqvRbxq mnvqZv cÉ`vb KGi|
1973 mvGj evsjvG`k miKvGii A^Æ g¯¨YvjGqi AaxGb Õ¼Z¯¨ cvU wefvM (Jute Division) MwVZ nq; cGi 1976 mvGj ‰ wefvM
cƒYÆ g¯¨YvjGqi i…c ˆbq| eZÆgvGb Av¯¦RÆvwZK cvU msÕ©vi (International Jute Organization) cÉavb KvhÆvjq XvKvq AewÕ©Z|
[‰.we.‰g Avõyjvn ‰es ˆgvt AvGbvqvi‚j Bmjvg]
cvGUi ˆivM cvU MvGQi `ywU cÉRvwZB ˆek wKQy ˆivM «¼viv Avò×v¯¦ nq| ‰me ˆivGMi
gGaÅ
Macrophomina
phasiolina
QòvK
m†Ó¡ KvícPv ˆivMB ˆewk ài‚Z½cƒYÆ| AâzGivªMg chÆvq ˆ^GK ÷i‚ KGi e†w«¬i
ˆkl chÆvq chƯ¦ cvU MvGQi mKj chÆvGqB ‰B ˆivM Drcv`K msò×gY ‰es cÉf„Z
ÞwZmvab KiGZ cvGi| AâzGivªMGgi ciciB exRcò msò×gGYi KvjGP iGOi `vM ˆ`Lv
ˆhGZ cvGi| ˆfRv gvwUGZ cvU Pviv ˆnGj cov ev WÅvwÁ·s Ad I Pviv a»mv ˆivM
ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| Pvivi cieZÆx e†w«¬ chÆvGq cvZvI Avò×v¯¦ nGZ cvGi ‰es cvU MvGQi
còdjK ev gaÅwkivq ev`vwg ˆ^GK KvGjv ÞZ m†wÓ¡ KGi, hv cvZvi ˆevUv ‰gbwK
KvGíi ceÆ chƯ¦ weÕ¦‡Z nGZ cvGi| ‰B ÞZ KvGíi ‰K ev ‰KvwaK cGeÆ Mvp ev`vwg
ˆ^GK KvGjv cPb m†wÓ¡ KGi| ‰B ÞZ KLbI KLbI KvíGK cÉvq ˆeÓ¡b KGi ˆdGj
‰es Abyf„wgKfvGe I wbGPi w`GK e†w«¬ ˆcGZ ^vGK| ˆivM AviI e†w«¬ ˆcGj
MvGQi cvZv SGi coGZ cvGi| gvivZÄK msò×gGYi ˆÞGò ‰B ˆivMRxevYy MvGQi
KÅvcmyÅj I exGRi wfZGiI cÉGek KiGZ cvGi|
‰B QòvK cÉv^wgKfvGe exRevwnZ
‰es dmGji AewkÓ¡vsGk I gvwUGZ ˆÕ•ÑGivwmqvg MVb KGi kxZKvjxb mgq AwZevwnZ
KGi| evsjvG`k I fviGZi cwøgeGã ‰B QòvGKi wewf®² DcRvZ ˆ`Lv wMGqGQ| Zzjv,
wZj, wkg I ˆeàb ‰B ˆivMRxevYyi weK͸ ˆcvlK wnGmGe cwiwPZ|
dmGji AewkÓ¡vsk a»sm I Rwg
RxevYygyî×KiGYi gvaÅGg cieZÆx eQiàwjGZ ‰i msò×gY KgvGbv hvq| ecGbi cƒGeÆ
wfUvGfÝ, ˆnvgvB, wKDcÉvwfU bvgK QòvKbvkK w`Gq exRGkvab AGbK ˆÞGò mycvwik
Kiv nq|
Botryodiplodia theobromae bvgK QòvGKi
msò×gGY cvGUi KvGjv cë ˆivM nq| eqÕ• cvU MvGQ ‰ ˆivM ÞZ m†wÓ¡ KGi, hv
ˆMvov ˆ^GK cÉvq 0.5-0.8 wg DuPz AsGki Kví ˆeÓ¡b KGi ivGL| ˆivMvò×v¯¦
MvGQi cvZv mvaviYZ AmgGqB SGi cGo| Avò×v¯¦ cÉavb KvGíi evKj ˆ^GK jÁ¼vjwÁ¼fvGe
ev`vwg Auvkàwj Þz`Ë Þz`Ë ˆQveovi AvKvGi ˆei nGZ ˆ`Lv hvq| Avò×v¯¦ cvU
MvQ ÷KGbv KvwVi gGZv ˆ`Lvq| g†Z KvGíi DcwifvGM AmsLÅ Þz`Ë Þy`Ë wcKwbwWqv
jÞÅ Kiv hvq| AwZgvòvi Av`ËÆZv I AwaK Zvcgvòvq ‰B ˆivM msò×gGYi mÁ¿vebv
ˆewk ^vGK|
Colletotrichum corchorum bvgK QòvGKi msò×gGY AÅvb^ËvKGbvR
ˆivM nq ‰es ‰B ˆivM ˆKej mvUv cvGUi fÅvivBwUmgƒGn nGq ^vGK| KvGí njy`vf-ev`vwg,
cvwbGfRv AebwgZ `vM m†wÓ¡i gvaÅGg ‰B ˆivGMi cÉKvk NGU| ‰me `vM Š`GNÆÅ
cÉvq ‰K ˆmw´ŸwgUvi I cÉGÕ© KGqK wgwjwgUvi chƯ¦ nq| ‰B `vMàwji iO Mvp
ev`vwg ‰es ˆkl chƯ¦ KvGjv iO aviY KGi| wKQy `vM ‰Kxf„Z nGq Kví ˆeÓ¡b
KGi eo AvKvGii AvÕ¦i ev Zvwj ˆ`Iqvi gGZv MVb m†wÓ¡ KGi| msò×gGYi eÅvcKZvi
Ici wbfÆi KGi MvQ ˆbwZGq coGZ cvGi ev Lye `yeÆjfvGe ˆeuGP ^vKGZ cvGi|
‰B RxevYy cWI msò×gY KiGZ cvGi|
ˆZvlv cvGUi wewf®² fÅvivBwUGZ
AÅvb^ËvKGbvR ˆivGMi Abvò×gÅ ŠewkÓ¡Å iGqGQ| ‰RbÅ olitorius RvGZi mGã dmj AveZÆGbi civgkÆ
ˆ`Iqv nq| AbÅvbÅ eÅeÕ©vcbv c«¬wZ cvU MvGQi Kví cPv ˆivM `gGbi mycvwikK‡Z
c«¬wZi Abyi…c|
evsjvG`Gk mvaviYZ cvU Drcv`x
‰jvKvq
Sclerotium
rolfsii bvgK QòvK m†Ó¡ big cPv ˆivM
nGZ ˆ`Lv hvq| ‰G`Gk PvlK‡Z meàwj RvGZi cvUdmj ‰B ˆivGMi cÉwZ msGe`bkxj|
‰ ˆivGMi cÉv^wgK AeÕ©vq cvU MvGQi ˆMvovq cPb jÞÅ Kiv hvq| ˆivGMi jÞY
wnGmGe g†wîKvi Av`ËÆ AeÕ©vq ‰B QòvGKi gvBGmwjqvgàwj Zzjvi gGZv MVGb
`†wÓ¡GMvPi nq ‰es ‰KB mGã MvGQi ˆMvov AsGk Þz`Ë Þz`Ë eümsLÅK ev`vwg
iGOi ˆÕ•ÑGivwmqvg ˆ`Lv hvq| cvZv mvaviYZ byGq cGo| Avò×v¯¦ MvQàwj ÞZÕ©vGb
ˆfGO ˆhGZ cvGi| cvU MvGQi ˆMvovq wKDcÉvwfU A^ev wfUvGfK bvgK QòvKbvkK
cÉGqvM KGi ‰ ˆivGMi cÉGKvc ˆ^GK dmjGK iÞv Kiv hvq|
Oidium cÉRvwZi QòvKm†Ó¡ cvDWvwi wgjwWD
ˆivGM Avò×v¯¦ nGj cvU MvGQi còdjGKi DcGi mv`vGU ˆ^GK QvB iGOi cvDWvwi
jÞY ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| Avò×v¯¦ cvZvàwj kxNÉB ev`vwg iGO i…cv¯¦wiZ nq I weeYÆ
nGq hvq| Avò×v¯¦ MvQ ˆek `yeÆj nGq cGo ‰es Auvkàwj wbÁ²gvGbi nq|
cvUMvGQ Meloidogyne incognita I M. javanica cÉRvwZi wbgvGUvW wkKGo wMuU
ˆivM m†wÓ¡ KGi| `yB cÉRvwZi cvU MvQB ‰B ˆivGM Avò×v¯¦ nGZ cvGi| mvaviYZ
C. capsularis cÉRvwZi cvU MvGQ fvBivm KZ‡ÆK
ˆgvRvBK ˆivM nq| ‰ ˆivM nGj cvUcvZvq QovGbv wQUvGbvfvGe njG`GU I meyRvf
AvÕ¦Gii gGZv MVb ˆ`Lv hvq| ‰Qvov ‰GZ Avò×v¯¦ cvZvàwj KzuKGo hvq| Phyllosticta cÉRvwZi QòvGKi mvnvGhÅ cvU
cvZvq `vM ˆivM nGq ^vGK| ‰wU cvU dmGji ‰KwU AcÉavb ˆivM| [Aveyj LvGqi]
ÞwZKi ˆcvKvgvKo dmj e†w«¬i cÉvq me chÆvGqB cvU MvQ ‰K WRGbi ˆewk KxUcZã I Þz`Ë gvBU
(mite)
«¼viv Avò×v¯¦ nq| ‰G`i Avò×gGY
dmGji Drcv`b ‰es àYMZ gvb DfqB nËvm cvq| ‰K wnmvGe ˆ`Lv ˆMGQ, ˆKvb ˆKvb
ˆÞGò ˆKej KxUcZGãi Avò×gGYB dmGji kZKiv 12 fvM A^ev Zvi ˆewk cwigvY
ÞwZ nGZ cvGi| ZGe ‰G`i ÞwZi gvòv ‰jvKvGfG` Kg-ˆewk nq ‰es wewf®² eQGiI
‰G`i ÞwZi cwigvGY cv^ÆKÅ nq| AwbÓ¡Kvix ˆcvKv-cvKGoi Avò×gY eüjvsGk wbfÆi
KGi we`Ågvb AvenvIqv, cvGUi RvZ, Pvl c«¬wZ ‰es ciRxex I cifzK cÉvYxi
DcwÕ©wZ ev AbycwÕ©wZi Ici| evsjvG`Gki wewf®² ‰jvKv ˆ^GK cvU MvGQi ˆhme
ÞwZKi KxUcZã kbvî× Kiv nGqGQ Zvi gGaÅ KGqKwU gyLÅ
(major) ‰es AbÅàwj ˆMŒY (minor) Avc` wnGmGe wPwn×Z| ZGe AvenvIqv I AbÅvbÅ cwiGekMZ
KviY AbyK„j nGj ‰KwU ˆMŒY ÞwZKi cÉvYx gyLÅ chÆvGq ˆcuŒQvGZ cvGi| wbGÁ²i
mviwYGZ ‰ ˆ`Gki cvU MvGQi AwbÓ¡Kvix ˆhme KxUcZã I ˆcvKv-gvKo mPivPi
ˆ`Lv hvq Zvi ‰KwU ZvwjKv, ÞwZi aib I AvbylwãK Z^Å DGÍÏL Kiv nGjv|
mviwY evsjvG`Gk cvGUi DGÍÏLGhvMÅ ÞwZKi ˆcvKvgvKo
| Õ©vbxq bvg |
BsGiwR bvg |
ŠeævwbK bvg |
eM Æ |
AeÕ©vb |
ÞwZi aib |
| cvGUi weQv ˆcvKv |
Jute
hairy caterpillar |
Spilosoma
obliqua |
Lepidoptera |
gyLÅ |
cvZv Lvq |
| cvGUi ˆNvov ˆcvKv |
Jute
semilooper |
Anomis
sabulifera |
Lepidoptera |
gyLÅ |
cvZv Lvq |
| cvGUi ‰wcIb/KvGíi DBwfj |
Jute
stem weevil |
Apion
corchori |
Coleoptera |
gyLÅ |
Kví wQ`Ë
KGi wMuU m†wÓ¡ KGi |
| DoPzãv/NyMov ˆcvKv |
Field
cricket |
Brachytrypes
portentosus |
Orthoptera |
gyLÅ |
MvGQi ˆMvov ˆKGU ˆ`q |
| njy` gvBU |
Yellow mite |
Polyphagotarsonemus
latus |
Acarina
|
gyLÅ |
cvZvi im
PzGl Lvq |
| KvZix ˆcvKv |
Indigo caterpillar |
Spodoptera
exigua |
Lepidoptera |
ˆMŒY |
cvZv Lvq |
| KvGjv weQv ˆcvKv |
Black
hairy caterpillar |
Pericallia
ricini |
Lepidoptera |
ˆMŒY |
cvZv Lvq |
| KvUzB ˆcvKv |
Jute cut worm |
Spodoptera
litura |
Lepidoptera |
ˆMŒY |
cvZv Lvq |
| kuywUi gvRiv ˆcvKv |
Pod
borer |
Earias
cuprioviridis |
Lepidoptera |
ˆMŒY |
cvZv Lvq |
| Qwi ˆcvKv |
Stick insect |
Scopula emmisaria |
Lepidoptera |
ˆMŒY |
cvZv Lvq |
| jvj gvBU |
Red mite |
Tetranychus
bioculatus |
Acarina |
ˆMŒY |
cvZvi im PzGl Lvq |
| cvGUi QvZiv ˆcvKv |
Mealy
bug |
Ferisia
pseudococcus |
Homoptera |
ˆMŒY |
cvZvi im PzGl Lvq |
| cvGUi RveGcvKv |
Jute aphid |
Apis gossypii |
Homoptera |
ˆMŒY |
cvZvi im PzGl Lvq |
| cvU cvZvi gvBbvi |
Leaf
miner |
Trachys
pacifica |
Coleoptera |
ˆMŒY |
cvZvi Dci MZÆ KGi |
| DBGcvKv |
Termite |
Microtermes
obesi Odontotermes obesus |
Isoptera |
ˆMŒY |
à`vGg AuvGki
ÞwZ KGi |
| --- |
Stem
girdler |
Nupsera
bicolor |
Coleoptera |
ˆMŒY |
Kví ÞwZ KGi |
| cvZvi ˆcvKv |
Leaf beetle |
Luperomorpha
vittata |
Coleoptera |
ˆMŒY |
KwP cvZv
Lvq |
| ˆkvlK ˆcvKv |
Hooded hopper |
Otinotus
elongatus |
Homoptera |
ˆMŒY |
KvGíi im
PzGl Lvq |
AwbÓ¡Kvix ˆcvKv-gvKGoi gGaÅ
cvGUi weQv ˆcvKv meGPGq ˆewk ÞwZKi| ‰ ˆcvKv ˆ`Gki meÆò eÅvcKfvGe weÕ¦‡Z
‰es ˆ`kx I ˆZvlv Dfq aiGbi cvUGKB Avò×gY KGi| ‰i jvfÆv `kv, weGkl KGi
Z‡Zxq I PZz^Æ chÆvGqi jvfÆv AZÅwaK cwigvGY cvU cvZv ˆLGq MvQGK cÉvq
cvZvnxb AeÕ©vq cwiYZ KGi| mv`v ev ˆ`kx cvU ‰G`i Avò×gGYi cÉwZ ˆewk msGe`bkxj|
cvGUi ˆNvov ˆcvKv AvGiKwU gvivñK ÞwZKi cZã| ‰ ˆcvKv evsjvG`Gki `wÞY
AsGk, weGkl KGi wmivRMé, cvebv, eàov ‰es ivRkvnx ˆRjvq cvGUi eÅvcK ÞwZ
KGi| ‰i ÞwZi aib cvGUi weQv ˆcvKvi Abyi…c| Dfq RvGZi cvU MvQGK Avò×gY
KiGjI AvcvZ`†wÓ¡GZ ˆ`Lv hvq, ˆZvlvcvU ‰ ˆcvKvi Avò×gGY ˆewk ÞwZMÉÕ¦
nq| ˆNvov ˆcvKvi jvfÆv mvaviYZ MvGQi WMv ‰es Dci w`GKi KwP cvZv ˆLGq
bÓ¡ KGi| dGj Avò×v¯¦ MvGQ kvLv ˆei nq ‰es e†w«¬I hG^Ó¡ KGg hvq| cvGUi
AbÅ AvGiKwU ÞwZKi ˆcvKv cvGUi ‰wcIb
(jute apion)
ev KvGíi DBwfj (stem
weevil) bvGg cwiwPZ| Þz`Ë ‰ DBwfj
Š`GNÆÅ cÉvq 3 wgwg, ZvB AGbK mgGq ‰G`i ˆPvGL cGo bv| ‰ ˆcvKvi cÉv`yfÆve
gyw´ÖMé, gvwbKMé, XvKv ‰es UvãvBj ‰jvKvq ˆewk| ˆÞGZ cvU MvQ hLb gvò
15-20 ˆmwg jÁ¼v nq, mvaviYZ ZLbB ‰G`i Avò×gY ÷i‚ nq| cwiYZ ˆcvKv KwP
cvZvq mƒß wQ`Ë ŠZwi KGi| Õ¨x ˆcvKv mvaviYZ WMvq ‰es KwP KvGíi wfZi wWg
cvGo| wWg ˆ^GK ˆewiGq jvfÆv KvGíi DcGii Ask ˆLGq bÓ¡ KGi| ‰GZ KvGí ‰es
ˆkl chÆvGq cvGUi AuvGk wMuU m†wÓ¡ nq|
ˆ`Gki ˆhme ‰jvKvq cvGUi Avev`
nq Zvi cÉvq meÆòB njy` I jvj Dfq aiGbi gvBGUi DcwÕ©wZ meÆRbxb| ‰G`i
ÞwZi jÞYI ˆek ŠewkÓ¡Ågq| ‰ ˆcvKv cvZvi AâxqfvM ˆ^GK im PzGl Lvq| dGj
cvZv axGi axGi KzuKGo hvq| AwZgvòvq Avò×v¯¦ nGj cvZv ÷wKGq hvq ‰es cvU
MvGQi e†w«¬ eÅvnZ nq| cvGUi NyMov ˆcvKv mvaviYZ cvU MvGQi wbGPi Ask
Avò×gY KGi evo¯¦ Pvivi ˆMvov ˆKGU ˆ`q| cvGUi KvZix ˆcvKv eÕ§Z KwP cvU
MvGQi ‰K eo kò‚| Liv AeÕ©vq AGbK mgGq ‰G`i msLÅv gvivñKfvGe e†w«¬ ˆcGZ
cvGi ‰es dmGji eÅvcK ÞwZ KGi| KvGjv weQv ˆcvKv mvaviY weQv ˆcvKvi gGZv
cvZv ˆLGq MvGQi ÞwZ KGi| Dfq cÉRvwZi Õ¼fve ‰es ÞwZi aib cÉvq ‰KB iKg
nGjI DfqGK ‰KGò ‰KB cvU ˆÞGZ mvaviYZ ˆ`Lv hvq bv|
cvGUi weQv ˆcvKv ‰es ˆNvov
ˆcvKvi ÞqÞwZ ˆ^GK dmj iÞvi mnRZg Dcvq ˆÞZ ˆ^GK ‰G`i wWGgi àœQ ‰es jvfÆv
msMÉn KGi Zv a»sm KGi ˆ`Iqv| AGbK K‡lK AekÅ cvGUi AwbÓ¡Kvix KxUcZã wbq¯¨GYi
RbÅ mycvwikK‡Z mnRjfÅ KxUbvkK cÉGqvM Kiv Dîg eGj gGb KGib|
[‰m.‰g ügvqyb Kwei]
AviI ˆ`Lyb Z¯§-dmj ; cvU KvGcÆU ; cvU cÉwZGe`b, 1877 ;
cvU wk͸ ; evsjvG`k cvU MGelYv BbwաwUDU |
