axGi±`Êbv^ `î (1886-1971)  AvBbRxex, mgvRKgÆx I ivRbxwZK| 1886 mvGji 2 bGfÁ¼i (1293 mvGji 16 KvwZÆK) eËvþYevwoqv knGii wZb gvBj DîGi ivgivBj MÉvGg wZwb R¯ÃMÉnY KGib| gybGmd ˆKvGUÆi ˆmGiÕ¦v`vi RMe®¬z `î wQGjb Zuvi wcZv| wZwb 1904 mvGj bexbMi nvB Õ•zj nGZ cÉGewkKv, 1908 mvGj KjKvZv wicb KGjR nGZ we. ‰ ‰es 1910 mvGj ‰KB KGjR nGZ we.‰j cixÞv cvm KGib|

wZwb cÉvq ‰KeQiKvj KzwgÍÏvi gyiv`bMi evãyiv DgvGjvPb nvB Õ•zGji mnKvix cÉavb wkÞK wnGmGe KvR KGib| AvBb eÅemv Kivi RbÅ 1911 mvGj KzwgÍÏv ˆRjv evGi wZwb ˆhvM`vb KGib| wZwb 1907 mvGj ‘wòcyiv wnZmvabx mfv’i ˆmGò×Uvwi wbeÆvwPZ nb ‰es 1915 mvGji fqven ebÅvi mgq ebÅvZÆG`i gGaÅ òvYmvgMÉx weZiGYi KvGR AskMÉnY KGib| gnvZÄv Mv®¬xi Av`kÆ AbymiGY wZwb ‘gywî× msN’ bvGg ‰KwU mgvRKjÅvYgƒjK msÕ©v MVb KGib| KzwgÍÏvi ‘Afq AvkÉg’-‰i KgÆKvGíi mvG^I wZwb RwoZ wQGjb ‰es 1936 mvGj wòcyiv (eZÆgvGb KzwgÍÏv) ˆRjv ˆevGWÆi m`mÅ wbeÆvwPZ nb| 1943 mvGji `ywfÆGÞi mgq òvYmvgMÉx weZiGY wZwb mwò×qfvGe AskMÉnY KGib|

myGi±`Êbv^ eÅvbvRÆx ‰es eÅvwiÕ¡vi Ave`yi imyj ‰i ivR‹bwZK gZv`GkÆ cÉfvweZ nGq wZwb 1905 mvGji eãfã weGivax AvG±`vjGb ˆhvM ˆ`b| 1919 mvGj gqgbwmsn knGi AbywÓ¤Z eãxq cÉvG`wkK KsGMÉGmi mGÁÃjGb wZwb AskMÉnY KGib| wPîiéb `vk ‰i Avn»vGb wZwb wZb gvGmi RbÅ AvBb eÅemv Õ©wMZ ivGLb ‰es AmnGhvM AvG±`vjb ‰ Ask ˆbb| 1937 mvGj wZwb eãxq eÅeÕ©vcK mfvi m`mÅ wbeÆvwPZ nb| eãxq cÉRvÕ¼Z½ AvBb msGkvab ‰es eãxq K‡wlFY MÉnxZv I eãxq gnvRwb AvBb cvGmi mvG^ axGib `î mswkÏÓ¡ wQGjb| wZwb 1942 mvGj fviZ Qvo AvG±`vjb ‰ ˆhvM ˆ`b| weËwUk weGivax KvhÆKjvGci RbÅ wZwb ˆek KGqKevi ˆMÉdZvi nGq wewf®² KvivMvGi webvkÉg I mkÉg `í ˆfvM KGib|

1946 mvGji wbeÆvPGb wZwb KsGMÉm `Gji wUwKGU eãxq eÅeÕ©vcK mfvi m`mÅ wbeÆvwPZ nb| cvwKÕ¦vGbi msweavb iPbvi RbÅ H eQi wWGmÁ¼Gi cƒeÆeã nGZ wZwb cvwKÕ¦vb MYcwilG`i m`mÅ wbeÆvwPZ nb|

1947 mvGji ci ‰KRb AmvÁcÉ`vwqK ivRbxwZK wnGmGe cvwKÕ¦vGbi ivRbxwZGZ mwò×q Ask MÉnY KGib| 1948 mvGji 25 AvMÕ¡ cvwKÕ¦vb MYcwilG` wZwb AwaGekGbi mKj KvhÆweeiYx BsGiwR I D`yÆi cvkvcvwk evsjvGZI ivLvi `vwe Dïvcb KGib| 1954 mvGji Ryb gvGm cvwKÕ¦vb MYcwilG`i AwaGekGb wZwb cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vGb MfbÆGii kvmb cÉeZÆGbi wei‚G«¬ ‰KwU QuvUvB cÉÕ¦ve Dïvcb KGib| 1956 mvGji 19 ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i nGZ 1958 mvGji 7 AGÙvei chƯ¦ AvZvDi ingvb LvGbi gw¯¨mfvq wZwb cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vGbi Õ¼vÕ©Å I mgvRKjÅvY welqK g¯¨x wQGjb|

cvwKÕ¦vGb mvgwiK kvmb Rvwi nIqvi ci 1960 mvGj axGi±`Êbv^ `Gîi Dci ‘‰eGWv’ (Elective Bodies Disqualification Order) cÉGqvM Kiv nq| 1965 mvGji fviZ-cvwKÕ¦vb hyG«¬i mgq ZuvGK M†new±` KGi ivLv nq ‰es ZLb ˆ^GK wZwb mwò×q ivRbxwZGZ AskMÉnY Kiv ˆ^GK weiZ ^vGKb| ‰Z`mGî½I evOvwj RvZxqZvevG` wek¼vmx axGi±`Êbv^ `î ài‚Z½cƒYÆ evOvwj ˆbZ‡e†G±`i mGã Mfxi mÁ·KÆ eRvq ivLGZb|

1971 mvGji 29 gvPÆ ivGZ cyò w`jxcKzgvi `îmn axGi±`Êbv^ `îGK ˆMÉdZvi Kiv nq ‰es ZuvG`iGK gqbvgZx ˆmbvwbevGm wbGq wbhÆvZb KGi nZÅv Kiv nq| KzwgÍÏv knGi Zuvi evmfeGbi mvgGbi ivÕ¦vwU Zuvi bvGg ivLv nGqGQ|  [gynÁÃ` Ave`ym mvjvg]