ˆWãyR¾i (Dengue)  cÉavbZ ‰wkqvi MÉxÓÃgíjxq ‰jvKvi ‰KwU fvBivmNwUZ msò×vgK eÅvwa| ˆWãy fvBivm Flaviviridae ˆMvòfzî×, hvi cÉvq 70 aiGbi fvBivGmi gGaÅ AvGQ BGqvGjv wdfvi (yellow fever) I KGqK cÉKvi ‰bGmdvjvBwUGmi fvBivm| ˆWãyR¾Gii Abyi…c ‰KwU ˆivGMi gnvgvixi cÉ^g Z^Å cvIqv hvq 1779 I 1780 mvGj wPwKrmv msò×v¯¦ eBcyÕ¦GK| Ebwesk kZvõxi cÉ^g w`GK KjKvZvq cÉ^g ˆWãyR¾i kbvî× nq| 1871-72 mvGj ‰ ˆivM gnvgvix AvKvGi ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| H mgq ˆ^GK ‰ ˆivGMi cÉGKvc ‰ DcgnvG`Gk cÉvqkB NGU| 1939-45 mvj ˆ^GK ˆMvUv gnvG`Gk 10 ˆ^GK 30 eQi ci ci ˆWãyR¾i ˆ`Lv w`GZ ^vGK| ˆKvb ‰KwU weGkl Õ©vGb evievi ˆWãyi gnvgvix ˆ`Lv w`Z bv| w«¼Zxq gnvhyG«¬i mgq `wÞY-cƒeÆ ‰wkqvq eü ˆWãy fvBivm ˆmGivUvBGci mnmçvjb ˆ`Lv ˆ`q ‰es gnvgvixi NUbv e†w«¬ cvq| KÅvwiexq Açj (1977-1981), `wÞY AvGgwiKv (1980 mvGji ÷i‚GZ), cÉkv¯¦ gnvmvMixq Açj (1979) ‰es AvwdÌKvq eÅvcK AvKvGi ˆWãy gnvgvix ˆ`Lv ˆ`q hvGZ jÞ jÞ gvbyl Avò×v¯¦ nq|

iî×Þiv ˆWãyR¾i (dengue haemorrhagic fever/DHF) ‰es ˆWãy kK (shock) wmbWÈGgi (DSS) cÉ^g cÉv`yfÆve NGU 1953-54 mvGj gÅvwbjvq ‰es 1975 mvGji gGaÅ wbqwgZ weiwZmn `wÞY-cƒeÆ ‰wkqvi ˆewki fvM ˆ`Gk| 1980 I 1990 mvGj gnvgvix AvKvGi iî×Þiv ˆWãy fviZ, evsjvG`k, cvwKÕ¦vb, kÉxjâv, gvj«¼xc I cƒeÆw`GK PxGb QwoGq cGo| iî×Þiv ˆWãyR¾i I kK-wmbWÈg ˆWãy ‰Lb ‰wkqvq nvmcvZvGj fwZÆ I wk÷g†ZzÅi ‰KwU cÉavb KviY|
	ˆWãyR¾Gii evnK gkv

Pvi cÉKvGii ˆWãy fvBivm DEN 1, 2, 3, 4 nGjv ˆWãy I iî×Þiv ˆWãyi KviY ‰es ‰àwj cÉwZRbxfvGeI (antigenic) NwbÓ¤| ˆh ˆKvb ‰KwU ˆmGivUvBc weGkl ˆKvb fvBivGmi wei‚G«¬ AvRxeb cÉwZGiva ÞgZv ˆ`q, wK¯§ AbÅ fvBivmàwji wei‚G«¬ bq| Dúgíjxq I Dc-Dúgíjxq knivçjxq PGò×B ˆWãy fvBivm wÕ©wZ jvf KGi| ‰RbÅB küGi ˆjvKG`i gGaÅB ˆivMwU ˆewk| gvbyGli AvevmÕ©Gji mGã mswkÏÓ¡ w`Gbi ˆejvq `skbKvix Aedes aegypti gkv ‰me fvBivGmi evnK|

ˆKvb ˆKvb AçGj AbÅvbÅ cÉRvwZ Aedes albopictus, A. polynesiensis gkvI msò×gY NUvq| ˆivMxGK `skGbi `yB mµ¦vn ci gkv msò×gYÞg nGq IGV ‰es ˆMvUv RxebB msò×gYkxj ^vGK|
	ˆWãy Avò×v¯¦ ˆivMxi ˆPvGL iî×ÞiY

ˆivGMi jÞY 1. ˆWãyR¾i ˆWãy-fvBivGmi msò×gY DcmMÆwenxb ˆ^GK bvbv iKGgi DcmMÆhyî× nGZ cvGi, ‰gbwK ZvGZ g†ZzÅI NGU| mPivPi `†Ó¡ ˆWãyR¾i, hvGK cÉvqB KÑvwmKÅvj ˆWãy ejv nq, ˆmwU ‰KwU ZxeË aiGbi R¾i hvGZ nVvr R¾i nIqv QvovI ^vGK gv^vi mvgGb eÅ^v, PÞzGMvjGK eÅ^v, egGbœQv, ewg ‰es jvj dzmKzwo| cÉvqB ˆPvGL cÉ`vn ‰es gvivñK wcVeÅ^v ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| ‰me jÞY 5-7 w`b Õ©vqx nq ‰es ˆivMx AviI wKQyw`b KÑvw¯¦ Abyfe KiGZ cvGi ‰es ‰ici ˆmGi IGV|

ˆewki fvM msò×gYB, weGklZ 15 eQGii Kgeqmx wk÷i ˆÞGò, mÁ·ƒYÆ jÞYnxb A^ev bƒÅbZg jÞYhyî× nGZ cvGi| Z½GK ˆÕ¹vU ˆ`Lv ˆ`q cÉvq 50% ˆÞGò, hv cÉ^Gg nvGZ, cvGq ‰es cGi NvGo Qovq| R¾i PjvKvjxb mgq gyL, Mjv ev eyK iî×vf ˆ`Lvq|

2. iî×Þiv ˆWãyR¾i (DHF)  `wÞY-cƒeÆ ‰wkqvi cÉavbZ wk÷G`i ‰KwU ˆivM| iî×Þiv ˆWãy nGjv ˆWãyi ‰KwU gvivñK aib| gƒj jÞYàwj eqm wbweÆGkGl mKGji ˆÞGòB Awf®²| ‰B ˆWãyR¾Gii ÷i‚GZ nVvr ˆ`Gni Zvc ˆeGo hvq (380-400 ˆm) ‰es 2 ˆ^GK 7 w`b chƯ¦ PGj| iî×ÞiY ev ˆWãy-kK mvaviYZ 3 ˆ^GK 7 w`Gbi gGaÅ ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| ‰GZ AvGQ gv^veÅ^v, ò×gvMZ R¾i, `yeÆjZv ‰es AwÕ©mw®¬ I gvsmGckxi ZxeË eÅ^v| k¼vmhG¯¨i Ea»ÆvsGki msò×gYmn ˆivMwU nvjKvfvGe ÷i‚ nGjI AvPgKv kK I Z½GKi Afů¦Gi iî×ÞiY I Kvb w`Gq iî×cvZ ÷i‚ nGq hvq| iGî× ò×gvMZ AbyPwò×Kv KgGZ ^vGK ‰es iGî×i eaÆgvb iî×weGK±`ÊK (haematocrit) cÉeYZv ˆ^GK Avm®² kGKi BwãZ cvIqv hvq| iî×Þiv ˆWãyGivMxi cÉGqvRb Dîg ˆmev÷kÉ…lv I chÆGeÞY, ˆKbbv DcwiDî× cwieZÆbàwj Lye `Ë‚Z NUGZ cvGi ‰es ˆivMxi AeÕ©v mâURbK nGq DVGZ cvGi|

3. ˆWãy-kK wmbWÈg (DSS) ‰wU iî×Þiv ˆWãyiB AvGiKwU iKgGdi, ZvGZ mâzwPZ bvwoPvc, wbÁ² iî×Pvc A^ev myÕ·Ó¡ kKmn iî×mçvjGbi ŠeKjÅ ^vGK| ˆ`Gni evBGi ˆ^GK hK‡Z Õ·kÆ Kiv hvq I big nGq IGV ‰es DrGmPKàwjGZ mvaviYZ AÕ¼vfvweKZv ˆ`Lv ˆ`q, ZGe K`vwPr Rw´£m nGq ^vGK| AbÅvbÅ DcmGMÆi gGaÅ iGqGQ AeÅvnZ ˆcUeÅ^v, ˆ^GK ˆ^GK ewg, AwÕ©iZv ev Aem®²Zv ‰es nVvr R¾i ˆQGo Nvgmn kixi Vvív nIqv I ˆ`n mÁ·ƒYÆ ˆbwZGq cov|

gnvgvix  bZzb RvGZi fvBivm I ˆmGivUvBc (serotypes) ˆ`Lv ˆ`Iqvq ˆWãyi gnvgvix Avò×v¯¦ ˆ`Gki msLÅv 1980 I 1990 mvGji gGaÅ `Ë‚Z e†w«¬ ˆcGqGQ| 1980 mvGji cƒGeÆ gvivñK aiGbi msò×gY Lye KgB ˆ`Lv ˆMGQ| wK¯§ 1997 mvGji gGaÅB iî×Þiv ˆWãy evsjvG`kmn Dúgíjxq I Dc-Dúgíjxq ˆ`kàwjGZ ‰KUv Õ¼Z¯¨ ˆivM wnGmGe eo KGqKwU ‰es ˆQvU ˆQvU AGbKàwj gnvgvix NUvq| wek¼ Õ¼vÕ©Å msÕ©vi wnmve Abyhvqx  wek¼eÅvcx ˆWãy bvUKxqfvGe e†w«¬ ˆcGq PGjGQ| cÉwZ eQi Avò×v¯¦ cÉvq 50 jÞ ˆivMxi gGaÅ A¯¦Z 5 jÞ iî×Þiv ˆWãy wbGq nvmcvZvGj fwZÆ nq hvG`i ‰KUv eo AskB wk÷ ‰es gviv hvq kZKiv cÉvq cuvP Rb| wek¼eÅvcx ˆWãyi ‰B cybivwefÆve ‰es iî×Þiv ˆWãy Drcwîi gƒGj AvGQ bwRiwenxb RbmsLÅv e†w«¬, AcwiKw͸Z I Awbqw¯¨Z bMivqY, wegvb ögY e†w«¬, gkK `gGbi Afve ‰es MZ 30 eQGi RbÕ¼vGÕ©Åi KvVvGgvi AebwZ|

evsjvG`Gk ˆWãy ‰KwU cybivwef„ÆZ ˆivM wnGmGe MYÅ| mvÁcÉwZK (2000) wek¼ Õ¼vÕ©Å msÕ©vi cÉwZGe`b ˆgvZvGeK ‰G`Gk ˆWãyi cÉGKvc weGÕ¹viK chÆvGq AvGQ| 1982-83 mvGji gGaÅ cwiPvwjZ XvKv gnvbMGii Õ•zGji wk÷G`i gGaÅ cwiPvwjZ ‰K RwiGc meÆGgvU 2,456 iGî×i bgybvi gGaÅ 278wUGZ ˆWãyi jÞY aiv cGo| 1984-86 mvGj XvKv knGii nvmcvZvj ˆ^GK msM†nxZ iGî×i 21wU bgybvi meàwjGZB msò×gGYi AwÕ¦Z½ cvIqv wMGqwQj|

1997 mvGj PëMÉvg ˆgwWKÅvj KGjR nvmcvZvGji ewnweÆfvGM wPwKrmvi RbÅ Avmv cÉvq 11% ˆivMxi (250 RGbi gGaÅ 27 Rb) gGaÅ ˆWãy AÅvw´ŸGRGbi cwRwUf AÅvw´ŸewW UvBUvi (titre) aiv cGowQj| 1999 mvGj XvKvi gnvLvwji Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR) evsjvG`Gki wewf®² ˆRjv ˆ^GK cvVvGbv mG±`nRbK iGî×i bgybv cixÞv KGi 241wUi gGaÅ 98wUˆZ ˆWãyi AwÕ¦Z½ ˆcGqwQj| Dî× BbwÕ¡wUDU cÉ`î weÕ¦vwiZ ZG^Å ‰àwji gGaÅ KGqKwU iî×Þiv ˆWãyiI Z^Å wQj| XvKv knGii wPwKrmKG`i ˆ`Iqv Z^Å ˆ^GKI DGÍÏLGhvMÅ msLÅK iî×Þiv ˆWãyi AwÕ¦GZ½i K^v Rvbv ˆMGQ|

fvBivmwe`, wPwKrmK I nvmcvZvj mƒò ˆ^GK XvKv knGi AvZâMÉÕ¦ nvGi ˆWãzGivM weÕ¦vGii Avfvm cvIqv ˆMGQ| RyjvB 2000 mvGji cÉ^g `yB mµ¦vGn eviGWg , wk÷ nvmcvZvj I eãe®¬z ˆkL gywRe wPwKrmv wek¼we`Åvjq nvmcvZvGj 75 RGbi ˆWãy kbvî× nGqwQj| wk÷mn g†Z mvZ RGbi gGaÅ Qq Rb ‰B wZbwU nvmcvZvGji ‰es ‰K Rb XvKv ˆgwWKÅvj KGjR nvmcvZvGji ˆivMx| eviGWg nvmcvZvGji ˆivMcÉwZGiva wefvM Qq w`Gb 31wU ˆivGMi NUbv kbvî× KGiwQj ‰es Zv AvKwÕÃK e†w«¬ wnGmGe AwfwnZ nGqwQj| XvKv wk÷ nvmcvZvGj RyjvB 2000 mvGji cÉ^gvGaÆ 90wU ˆWãyi NUbv aiv cGo| XvKvi gGZv ‰KwU RbvKxYÆ knGi ˆWãyevnK gkvi AvKwÕÃK cÉGKvc LyeB DG«¼MRbK, ˆKbbv ‰LvGb gkvi Aeva weÕ¦vGii AbyK„j cwiGek AvGQ|

weGklæiv Avkv KGiwQGjb ˆh 2000 mvGji ˆkGl kxZKvj ÷i‚i mGã mGã ˆWãyi cÉGKvc KGg AvmGe, wK¯§ ˆ`Lv ˆMj bGfÁ¼i-wWGmÁ¼i bvMv` msò×gY nVvr e†w«¬ ˆcGq XvKv I AvkcvGki ˆRjvàwjGZI ˆWãy QwoGq coGQ|

miKvwi wnmve Abyhvqx 2000 mvGji AvMÕ¡ ˆ^GK wWGmÁ¼Gii gGaÅ A¯¦Z 90 Rb ˆivMx gviv ˆMGQ, hw`I ˆemiKvwi wnmvGe g†GZi msLÅv AviI ˆewk| XvKv bMixi wKÑwbKàwjGZB ˆKej bGfÁ¼i gvGm KgcGÞ 1,000 ˆivMx fwZÆ nGqwQj| ejv nGqGQ, ˆ`k ˆ^GK ˆivM `ƒi nGZ ˆ`wi nGe ‰es msò×gY AviI KGqK gvm PjGe| Aedes gkvi msLÅv ‰LbI AZÅwaK ‰es ‘hZw`b bv ‰B gkv wbq¯¨Y Kiv hvGe ZZw`b ˆWãy wUGK ^vKGe’ eGjGQb ˆivMwbq¯¨Kiv| 2001 mvGji bGfÁ¼i gvm chƯ¦ XvKv knGii AGbK nvmcvZvj I wKÑwbGK eü ˆWãy ˆivMxi fwZÆ nIqvi K^v Rvbv hvq| 2002 mvGji RyjvB-AvMÕ¡ gvGm XvKv knGi Avevi eÅvcKfvGe ˆWãyi cÉv`yfÆve NGU| ‰LvGb ‰B `yB gvGm nvmcvZvGj fwZÆK‡Z cÉvq 4000 ˆivMxi gGaÅ gviv hvq cÉvq 44 Rb|

ˆivMmsò×gY  Aedes aegypti gkv RbemwZi mGã mswkÏÓ¡ ˆ^GKB eske†w«¬ KGi| ‰G`i jvfÆv ˆewki fvMB cwiZÅî× Uvqvi, evjwZ, ˆdGj ˆ`Iqv bvwiGKGji ˆLvj, dzj`vwb, dzGji UGei wbGPi ^vjvq RGg ^vKv cvwbGZ, ‰gbwK RGg ^vKv MvGQi MGZÆ ‰es ‰ aiGbi AbÅvbÅ cÉvK‡wZK Õ©vGb eo nq| cƒYÆeqÕ• gkv mvaviYZ NGii wfZi A®¬Kvi RvqMvq– Avjgvwi, weQvbv ev LvGUi Zjvq ^vKGZ cvGi| ‰B cÉRvwZ w`Gbi ˆejvq mwò×q ^vGK, ˆewki fvM KvgGoi NUbv NGU mKvGji cÉ^g w`GK ev weKvGji ˆkGl| ˆKvb Avò×v¯¦ ˆjvGKi iî× ˆLGq ^vKGjB gkv msò×wgZ nq ‰es 10-12 w`Gbi wbaÆvwiZ Dwµ¦Kvj hvcGbi ci msò×gY ÞgZv ARÆb KGi| gkv msò×gbÞg nGq DVGj ˆjvGKi kixi ˆ^GK iî× ˆkvlGYi mgq ‰gbwK Z½GK kuyo XzKvGjI ˆWãy msò×gY NUGZ cvGi|

ˆWãyevnK wbq¯¨Y  ˆWãyi wei‚G«¬ KvhÆKi ˆKvb Jla ev cÉwZGlaK ˆbB| ˆ`Gni ˆivMcÉwZGiva eÅeÕ©vB ˆKej ˆivGMi wei‚G«¬ joGZ cvGi| mvaviYZ KÑvwmKÅvj ˆWãyi wei‚G«¬B ˆ`Gni ˆivMcÉwZGiva mvg^ÆÅ ^vGK, wK¯§ iî×Þiv ˆWãyGZ ˆewki fvM ˆivMxB gviv hvq| ZvB gkvi wei‚G«¬B wbq¯¨Y cwiPvwjZ nIqv AvekÅK| evsjvG`Gk ˆWãy gkv wbq¯¨GYi ˆZgb DGÍÏLGhvMÅ KvhÆò×g ˆbB| evsjvG`Gki ˆKvb ˆKvb knGi gkv wbq¯¨GYi KvhÆò×g ^vKGjI Zv Aedes gkvi wei‚G«¬ bq| ‰B RvGZi gkv wbq¯¨GYi RbÅ weGkl DG`ÅvM cÉGqvRb, KviY ‰àwj cvwbfiv cvGò e†w«¬ cvq, ZvB KxUbvkK QwoGq mydj dGj bv| NGii Pviw`GK ˆÕcÉ Kiv A^ev Lye mKvGj ev m®¬Åvi ˆkGl NGi wel ˆauvqv (aerosol) w`Gj w`Gbi ˆejv `skbKvix ‘‰BwWm’ gkv wKQyUv wbq¯¨Y Kiv ˆhGZ cvGi|

gkvi eske†w«¬ wbq¯¨Y mnRmvaÅ bq| wK¯§ bvMwiKiv gkv e†w«¬i AKzÕ©j ˆhgb cwiZÅî× cvò, Uvqvi, bvwiGKGji ev WvGei ˆLvmv BZÅvw` mwiGq ˆdjGZ ‰es evmÕ©vGbi Avkcvk ˆ^GK Rgv cvwb wbÓ•vkb KiGZ cvGib| bMGi AmsLÅ ewÕ¦ ^vKvq ‰B KvhÆò×g AZů¦ KwVb| KvhÆKi I ˆUKmB wbeviY eÅeÕ©vi RbÅ ˆWãy wbq¯¨Y KvhÆò×Gg AekÅB Õ©vbxq RbMGYi mÁ·†wî× AvekÅK|  [‰m.‰g ügvqyb Kwei]

AviI ˆ`Lyb  KvjvR¾i ; gkv ; gÅvGjwiqv |