Wvdwib, jWÆ (1826-1902)  fviGZi MfbÆi ˆRbvGij I fvBmiq (1884-1888)| BUb ‰es AÝGdvGWÆi ò×vBÕ¡ PvGPÆ wkÞvcÉvµ¦ jWÆ Wvdwib AGbK ivR‹bwZK I K„U‹bwZK c` AjsK‡Z KGiwQGjb| ‰àwji gGaÅ iGqGQ wmwiqvq weËwUk Kwgkbvi, 1860; Av´£vi ˆmGò×Uvwi Ae ˆÕ¡U di Bw´£qv, 1864-1866; Av´£vi ˆmGò×Uvwi di Iqvi, 1866; KvbvWvi MfbÆi ˆRbvGij, 1872-1878; ˆm´Ÿ wcUvmÆevGMÆ ivÓ¡Ë`ƒZ, 1879 ‰es ZziGÕ• ivÓ¡Ë`ƒZ, 1881|

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jWÆ WvdwiGbi eo ‰KwU KvR wQj ciivÓ¡Ë welqK| wZwb mdjfvGe 1885 mvGji AvdMvwbÕ¦vGbi cvéG`n NUbvi mgvwµ¦ UvGbb| 1886 mvGj wZwb Dîi evgÆv mvgËvRÅfzî× KGi ˆbb| wZwb m`Å MwVZ fviZxq RvZxq KsGMÉm ‰es AbÅvbÅ RvZxqZvev`x kwî×i cÉwZ AZů¦ mveavbx I wnGmex gGbvfve cÉ`kÆb KGib| cviÕcwiK wek¼vGmi wfwîGZ mnGhvwMZvcƒYÆ mÁ·KÆ MGo ˆZvjvi kZÆ mvGcGÞ wZwb RvZxqZvev`xG`i cÉwZ kvmbZvw¯¨K msÕ•vi I cÉkvmGbi fviZxqKiGYi mÁ¿vebvi welqwU ZzGj aGib| ÷ay weËwUk Kgv´£viG`i cwi`kÆGbi eÅeÕ©vaxGb fviZxq AwdmviG`i «¼viv cwiPvwjZ ‘BGÁ·wiqvj mvwfÆm ˆKvi’ bvGg ‰KwU Avav-mvgwiK evwnbx MVb KGi wZwb RvZxqZvev`xG`iGK weGklfvGe m¯§Ó¡ KiGZ mÞg nb| ‰K AG^Æ ‰ ‘BGÁ·vwiqvj mvwfÆm ˆKvi’ ˆK AvaywbK fviZxq ˆmbvevwnbxi mƒPbvj™² eGj AwfwnZ Kiv ˆhGZ cvGi| eãxq cÉRvÕ¼Z½ AvBb (1885) cÉYqb KGi Wvdwib eÅvcK msGkvabxi gvaÅGg ˆi´Ÿ KwgkGbi cÉwZGe`bGK KvGhÆ cwiYZ KGib| f„wgi Dci ivqGZi AwaKvi cybtcÉwZÓ¤v KGi Rwg`vi-cÉRv mÁ·KÆ D®²qGbi DGóGkÅ wicb 1882 mvGj ‰ ˆi´Ÿ Kwgkb cÉwZÓ¤v KGiwQGjb| DœP c`Õ© miKvwi KgÆKZÆvG`i Avcwîi KviGY ZLb ‰ cÉwZGe`b KvhÆKi Kiv hvq wb|

WvdwiGbi gb wQj cvwíZÅcÉeY| wZwb K‡lK I kÉwgKG`i Avw^ÆK AeÕ©v Rvbvi RbÅ evsjvi wbÁ² ˆkÉYxi ˆjvKG`i AeÕ©v mÁ·GKÆ ‰KwU weÕ¦vwiZ cÉwZGe`b (hv mvaviYfvGe Wvdwib wiGcvUÆ bvGg cwiwPZ) cÉÕ§Z KGib (1888)| weËwUk kvmbvaxGb mvaviY gvbyGli AeÕ©vi D®²wZ NGUGQ eGj AÅvsGjv-Bw´£qvbG`i gZevG`i wei‚G«¬ ‰ cÉwZGe`b RvZxqZvev`xG`i cGÞ ‰KwU AbbÅ mvaviY `wjGj cwiYZ nq| ‰ cÉwZGe`Gbi cÉwZcv`Å welq KsGMÉGmi gZev`GK kwî×kvjx KGi ˆZvGj ˆh, ˆ`Gki cÉkvmGbi ˆÞGò ˆ`kevmxi Ask MÉnY Qvov ˆ`k KLbIB mg†«¬ nGq DVGe bv| Wvdwib wbGR ‰ hywî× «¼viv cÉfvweZ nGqwQGjb| wZwb wbeÆvwPZ  m`mÅmn cÉvG`wkK I ˆK±`Êxq cwil` cÉwZÓ¤vi KsGMÉmx `vwei cÉwZ mg^Æb ævcb KGib ‰es fviZxq RvZxqZvev`xG`i `vwe cƒiGYi RbÅ weËwUk miKviGK wKQy eÅeÕ©v MÉnGYi cÉÕ¦ve ˆ`b| ‰ mycvwiGki djB wQj 1892 mvGji Bw´£qvb KvDw´Öjm AÅvÙ hv DcgnvG`Gk wbeÆvPb msò×v¯¦ ivRbxwZi mƒPbv KGiwQj|

‰KRb cwíZ wnGmGe jWÆ Wvdwib ài‚Z½cƒYÆ Õ¼xK‡wZ jvf KGib| miKvwi KgÆRxeb nGZ Aemi MÉnGYi ci wZwb weËwUk wRGqvMÉvwdKÅvj ˆmvmvBwUi mfvcwZ, ‰wWbevMÆ ‰es ˆm´Ÿ ‰´£Èyi ˆiÙi cG` AwawÓ¤Z nb| Zvi eÅwî×MZ cvwíGZÅi Õ¼xK‡wZÕ¼i…c wZwb wW.wm.‰j, ‰j.‰j.wW, ‰d.Avi.‰m ‰es WÙi Ae IwiGq´Ÿvj jvwbÆs (cvéve wek¼we`Åvjq) cÉf‡wZ mvÁÃvwbK Dcvwa jvf KGib| Zvi cvwíZÅcƒYÆ iPbvewj nGjv Letters from High Latitudes, Irish Questions I Speeches in India. jWÆ Wvdwib 1902 mvGji 12 ˆdeË‚qvwi g†ZzÅeiY KGib|  [wmivRyj Bmjvg]