LvRv nvweeyÍÏvn (1895-1958)  XvKvi bIqve, ivRbxwZwe` I mgvRGmex| 1895 mvGji 26 ‰wcÉj XvKvi bIqve evwoGZ Zuvi R¯Ã nq| Zuvi wcZv ‰es wcZvgn wQGjb h^vò×Gg bIqve mÅvi LvRv mwjgyÍÏvn I bIqve mÅvi LvRv AvnmvbyÍÏvn | LvRv nvweeyÍÏvn evjÅKvGj `vwRÆwjs-‰i ˆm´Ÿ cj Õ•zGj ‰es cGi BsjÅvG´£i ˆm´Ÿ wfG´Ö´Ÿ I BÕ¡GevGYÆ wkÞvjvf KGib|

1915 mvGj wcZvi g†ZzÅi ci ˆRÅÓ¤ cyò wnGmGe wZwb XvKvi LvRv cwievGii KZ‡ÆZ½ I bIqve Dcvwa jvf KGib| 1918 mvGj wZwb weËwUkG`i cGÞ wek¼hyG«¬ evOvwj cΟGb ˆhvM ˆ`b ‰es A‹eZwbK ˆjdGUbÅv´Ÿ wnGmGe ˆgGmvcGUwgqvi hy«¬vçGj Mgb KGib| wZwb wQGjb XvKv wek¼we`Åvjq ˆKvUÆ, XvKv ˆRjv ˆevWÆ I wgDwbwmcÅvwjwUi m`mÅ| 1918 mvGji ‰wcÉj gvGm Zuvi mfvcwZGZ½ XvKvq ‘Avéygvb-B-Bmjvwgqv’ bvGg ‰KwU msMVb cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq| XvKvi cçvGqZ cÉavbi…Gc gnÍÏv m`ÆviG`i Ici Zuvi eÅvcK cÉfve wQj| 1926 I 1930 mvGj ˆ`Gki wewf®² Õ©vGb msNwUZ mvÁ·É`vwqK `vãvKvGj XvKvi kvw¯¦k†›Ljv iÞvG^Æ wZwb wn±`y-gymwjg Dfq mÁ·É`vGqi ˆjvKG`i wbGq kvw¯¦ KwgwU MVb KGib ‰es AZů¦ mvnwmKZvi mGã cwiwÕ©wZ ˆgvKvGejv KGib| bIqve nvweeyÍÏvn wLjvdZ AvG±`vjb ‰ mwò×q AskMÉnY KGib| 1919 mvGji 20 wWGmÁ¼i Avnmvb gwéj ‰ ZuvGK mfvcwZ KGi cÉ^g XvKv wLjvdZ KwgwU MwVZ nq| 1920 mvGji 2 gvPÆ wZwb Avnmvb gwéGj gIjvbv kIKZ Avjx ‰es Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv` GK mseaÆbv ævcb KGib|

LvRv nvweeyÍÏvn

H gvGmB wZwb wgivGU AbywÓ¤Z wLjvdZ KwgwUi mfvq mfvcwZZ½ KGib| wLjvdZ AvG±`vjb mg^Æb KiGjI bIqve nvweeyÍÏvn weËwUkG`i weGivwaZv KiGZ Pvb wb| ‰Qvov wkÞvq gymjgvbG`i cøvrc`Zvi K^v weGePbv KGi wZwbI dRjyj nGKi bÅvq wkÞvcÉwZÓ¤vb eG®¬i cÞcvwZ wQGjb bv| bIqve nvweeyÍÏvn 1918-19 mvGj msÕ•viK‡Z cÉ^g ˆK±`Êxq eÅeÕ©vcK mfvi m`mÅ wQGjb ‰es 1924 ˆ^GK 1932 mvj chƯ¦ XvKv kni ˆ^GK wbeÆvwPZ eãxq cÉvG`wkK eÅeÕ©vcK mfvi m`mÅ wQGjb|

fviZ kvmGb wewf®² msLÅvjNy mÁ·É`vGqi cÉwZwbwaZ½ wbwøZ Kivi gvbGm weËwUk miKvi 1932 mvGj KgyÅbvj AÅvIqvWÆ cÉÕ¦ve cvm KGi| wn±`y gnvmfv ‰i weGivwaZv KGi wK¯§ LvRv nvweeyÍÏvn ‰es gymwjg ˆbZ‡e†±` ‰GK Õ¼vMZ Rvbvb| KgyÅbvj AÅvIqvWÆGK mg^Æb KGi 1935 mvGji 24 gvPÆ w`wÍÏGZ gymjgvbG`i ‰KwU mfv AbywÓ¤Z nq| ‰ mfvq bIqve nvweeyÍÏvn mfvcwZZ½ KGib|

wZwb eãxq gymwjg jxGMi mfvcwZ ‰es Aj Bwíqv gymwjg jxGMi KvhÆwbeÆvwn KwgwUi m`mÅ wQGjb| 1936 mvGji 25 ˆg bIqve nvweeyÍÏvni ˆbZ‡GZ½ KjKvZvq BDbvBGUW gymwjg jxM MwVZ nq| cGi ‰wU Aj Bw´£qv gymwjg jxGMi Aãxf„Z nq| wZwb 1935 ˆ^GK 1945 chƯ¦ XvKv wgDwbwmcÅvwjwU ˆ^GK gymwjg jxGMi cÉv^Æxi…Gc eÅeÕ©vcK mfvi m`mÅ wQGjb| 1936 mvGj wZwb gymwjg jxM cvjÆvGg´Ÿvwi ˆevGWÆi mfvcwZ gGbvbxZ nb| 1937 mvGj dRjyj nGKi gw¯¨mfvi m`mÅ bIqve nvweeyÍÏvn K‡wl I wk͸ g¯¨xi `vwqZ½ MÉnY KGib| 1938 mvGj wZwb Dî× ˆKweGbGU Õ©vbxq Õ¼vqîkvmb I wk͸ `µ¦Gii g¯¨x ‰es 1940-41 mvGj RbÕ¼vÕ©Å I wk͸`µ¦Gii g¯¨x wQGjb| 1940 mvGji wWGmÁ¼Gi wR®²vni wbG`ÆGk gymwjg jxM m`mÅMY gw¯¨mfv ˆ^GK c`ZÅvM KiGj dRjyj nK AbÅvbÅ m`GmÅi mnvqZvq w«¼Zxq gw¯¨mfv MVb KGib| bIqve nvweeyÍÏvn jxM ˆbZvi wbG`Æk AgvbÅ KGi K‡wl, wk͸ I evwYRÅ g¯¨xi…Gc Dî× gw¯¨mfvq ˆhvM ˆ`b| dGj wZwb 5 eQGii RbÅ jxM ˆ^GK ewnÓ•‡Z nb ‰es 1946 mvGj cybivq jxGM ˆhvM ˆ`b| 1946 mvGj knx` ˆmvnivIqv`Æxi gw¯¨mfv ÞgZvq ^vKvKvGjI wZwb eÅeÕ©vcK mfvi m`mÅ wQGjb|

wR®²vni wbG`Æk AgvbÅ KGi dRjyj nGKi ˆKvqvwjkb gw¯¨mfvq ˆhvM ˆ`Iqvq bIqve nvweeyÍÏvni RbwcÉqZv nËvm cvq| 1946 mvGji mvaviY wbeÆvPGb wZwb XvKvi gymwjg Avmb ˆ^GK cÉvG`wkK cwilG` Õ¼Z¯¨ cÉv^Æx wnGmGe wbeÆvPb KGi jxM cÉv^Æx LvRv Lvqi‚óxGbi wbKU civwRZ nb ‰es eËvþYevwoqv wbeÆvPbx ‰jvKvq Zuvi RvgvbZ evGRqvµ¦ nq| ZGe cvwKÕ¦vb MYcwil` evwZj nIqvi AvGM wZwb ‰i m`mÅ wbhyî× nGqwQGjb| cvwKÕ¦vb cÉwZÓ¤vi ci wZwb cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vb gymwjg jxGMi fvBm ˆcÉwmGW´Ÿ ‰es gymwjg jxGMi ˆK±`Êxq KvhÆwbeÆvwn KwgwUi m`mÅ nb|

bIqve nvweeyÍÏvn Zuvi cƒeÆ cyi‚lG`i bÅvq wePÞY I AaÅemvqx wQGjb bv| Zuvi AvgGj XvKv bIqve ‰GÕ¡U miKvGii ˆKvUÆ Ae IqvWÆGmi wbq¯¨GY PGj hvq ‰es bIqve ‰KwU mvwÞGMvcvGj cwiYZ nb| Zuvi AGhvMÅZvi `i‚b ‰GÕ¡GUi IqvKdK‡Z I Lvm RwgàwjI AeÅeÕ©vq cwZZ nq| dGj Avnmvb gwéGji wejvm ŠefGe fvUv cGo| Bw±`ÊqcivqY nvweeyÍÏvn eü gwnjvi cvwYMÉnY KGib ‰es ‰ KviGY wZwb AGbGKi weivMfvRb nb|

ˆklRxeGb f™²Õ¼vGÕ©Åi `i‚b wZwb ivRbxwZ ˆQGo ˆ`b ‰es ŠcwòK cÉvmv` Avnmvb gwéj ZÅvM KGi cixevGM MÉxb nvDGm evm KiGZ ^vGKb|  ‰LvGbB 1958 mvGji 21 bGfÁ¼i wZwb BG¯¦Kvj KGib| ˆeMg evRvGi bIqveG`i cvwievwiK ˆMviÕ¦vGb wcZvi KeGii cvGk ZuvGK mgvwnZ Kiv nq|

[ˆgvnvÁÃ` AvjgMxi]