Kvgi…c  ‰es cÉvMGRÅvwZlGK cÉvqk Awf®² ‰es DcgnvG`Gki cƒeÆvsGki ‰KB Açj wnGmGe gGb Kiv nGq ^vGK| gnvfviGZ cÉvMGRÅvwZGli DGÍÏL AvGQ wK¯§ Kvgi…Gci DGÍÏL ˆbB| Kvwj`vGmi iNyesk ‰KB mGã cÉvMGRÅvwZl I Kvgi…c DfGqi DGÍÏL KGiGQ| mgy`Ë àGµ¦i ‰jvnvev` Õ¦Á¿wjwcGZ (4^Æ kZGKi gvSvgvwS) wKQy Dîi-cƒeÆvçjxq mxgv¯¦ ˆ`Gki mGã Kvgi…Gci bvg cvIqv hvq| ‰Qvov Pxbv Zx^Æ hvòx wnDGqb mvOI cyíËeaÆb ˆ^GK fvÕ•i egÆGYi ˆ`Gk Zvui ögGYi mgq KvGgv-i…-ˆcv (Kvgi…c) ‰es KvGjv-Zz(KiGZvqv) DGÍϳL KGiGQb| AbÅ w`GK `ywe ZvgËwjwc (wmwc) fvÕ•i egÆGYi bvj±`v ˆKÑ-wmjmgƒGni (Kv`vgvwUi wmj ev ˆgvni) gGZv wewf®² cÉðZvwî½K Drm ‰es ‰gbwK bvivqY cvGji fvMjcyi `vbcGò Avgiv cÉvMGRÅvwZl bvgwUi DGÍÏL cvB|

myZivs hywî×mãZfvGe Dcmsnvi Uvbv hvq ˆh, Kvgi…c bvGgi cƒeÆ ˆ^GKB MÉvMGRÅvwZl bvgwU cÉPwjZ wQj| cwíZG`i ˆKD ˆKD ivRÅ `ywUGK c†^K ivRÅ wnGmGe wPwn×Z KiGjI ‰Lb ‰wU Õ¼xK‡Z ˆh Dfq bvgB ‰KB f„LGíi| mÁ¿eZ cÉvPxb KvGj cÉvMGRÅvwZl ‰KwU weÕ¦xYÆ ‘Rbc`’ wQj ˆhLvb ˆ^GK cieZÆx mgGq Kvgi…c ‰KwU ˆQvU ivRÅ wnGmGe ˆewiGq ‰GmGQ| D`vniYÕ¼i…c «¼v`k kZGKi cÉvq gaÅfvGM Še`ÅG`Gei ZvgËkvmGb cÉvMGRÅvwZlGK ‰KwU ‘fzwî×’ wnGmGe DGÍÏL Kiv nGqGQ hvi gGaÅ Kvgi…c wQj ‰KwU ‘gíj’|

cyivY ‰es Z¯¨ mvwnGZÅ ‰ Kvgi…c ev cÉvMGRÅvwZl-Kvgi…Gci mxgvbv myÕ·Ó¡fvGe DGÍÏwLZ nGqGQ| ‘KvwjKvcyivGY’ ‰wUi AeÕ©vb KiGZvqv b`xi cƒGeÆ wòfzRvK‡wZ ejv nGqGQ, hvi Š`NÆÅ 100 ˆhvRb I cÉÕ© 30 ˆhvRb ‰es ‰wU cƒeÆw`GK w`Øvievwmbx (AvaywbK w`KivB b`x) cwiGewÓ¡Z wQj| AbÅw`GK ‘ˆhvwMbx Z¯¨’ cyGiv Kvgi…cGK ‘iðcxV’, ‘f`ËcxV’, ‘ˆmŒgi cxV’ ‰es ‘KvgcxV’ i…Gc wefî× KGiGQ ‰es ‰i mxgvbv Dîi w`GK Kvé cvnvo,cƒeÆ w`GK cweò b`x `xÞz (mvw`qvq AvaywbK w`evs), cwøGg KiGZvqv ‰es `wÞY w`GK jÞ (AvaywbK jLÅv) I eËþcyò bG`i wgwjZ cÉevnGK wbG`Æk KGiGQ| ‰Uv mZÅ ˆh, cÉwZGekx kwî×mgƒGni msNvGZi dGj KiGZvqv b`xi mw®²wnZ cwøg mxgvbvi  AvKvi cwiewZÆZ nGqGQ|

gGb nq, ‰K mgq Kvgi…c ivGRÅ eZÆgvb eËþcyò DcZÅKv, fzUvb, iscyi, ‘KzPwenvi’ ‰es ˆek wKQy mw®²wnZ Açj A¯¦f„Æyî× wQj| hvGnvK mxgvbvi ‰ cwieZÆGbi mGã gnvfviGZ (Õ¨xceÆ) ewYÆZ NUbvi mvhyRÅ jÞ Kiv hvq| gnvfviGZi eYÆbvbyhvqx cÉvMGRÅvwZGli ivRv fM`î Zvi ŠmbÅ`j wbGq Kzi‚GÞGòi hyG«¬ Ask MÉnY KGib| ŠmbÅ`jwU gGãvjxq (‘wKivZ, Pxbv’ ‰es ‘cƒeÆmvMievmx’) ev BG±`v-gGãvjxq (ˆevGov, wZe»Zxq, fzUvwb BZÅvw`) gvbeGMvÓ¤x wbGq MwVZ wQj| ‰iv eZÆgvbKvGjI ‰’AçGji RbmsLÅvi ‰KwU cÉavb Ask wnGmGe iGqGQ|

òGqv`k kZGK AGnvgG`i AvMgGbi mgq chƯ¦, hLb ‰wU Amg (AZzjbxq) ev Avmvg bvg MÉnY KGi, Kvgi…c cÉvPxbZg ivRv gwniã `vbe ˆ^GK ÷i‚ KGi KgcGÞ PviwU ivResk «¼viv kvwmZ nIqvi myGhvM ˆcGqGQ| ivReskàwj wQj - bviK > fvDgv > kvjvÕ¦Á¿ > cvj| AbvhÆ I AvhÆ msÕ•‡wZi mswgkÉGYi dGj ‰wU ‰KwU weLÅvZ mvsÕ•‡wZK ˆKG±`ÊI cwiYZ nq|

‘Kvgi…c’ kõwU ‰KwU AwÕ¡ËK kõ MVb ‘Kvgi…’ ev ‘Kvgi…Z’ ˆ^GK ‰GmGQ hv muvIZvwj fvlvq ‰KwU ZvrchÆnxb ˆ`eZvi bvg hv «¼viv hv`ywe`Åv I ˆRÅvwZweÆ`Åv ˆevSvq| weGK KvKvZxi gZvbymvGi ‰ kõwU bZzb agÆxq cÉ^v gvZ‡G`ex KvgvLÅvi Dcvmbvi cÉwZ BwãZ ˆ`q| wZwb AviI gGb KGib ˆh, KvgvLÅv kõwU AwÕ¡ËK kõ MVb cyivGbv ˆLgvi kõ ‘KvGgvB’ (Š`ZÅ), Pvg kõ ‘KvgZ’ (ˆcÉZ), Lvmx kõ ‘KvGgr’ (giG`n), muvIZvwj fvlvi Kvwgb (mgvwa) A^ev ˆKvGgŒP (giG`n) ˆ^GK ‰GmGQ| AvGiKwU eÅvLÅvbyhvqx KvgÞ ev Kvgj&Lxi msÕ•‡ZvwqZ MVb nj KvgvLÅv| ‰wU cÉvPxb AvmvGgi gGãvjxq DcRvwZi ‰KwU ˆ`ex| Kvgi…c kGõi Drm mÁ·GKÆ AekÅ ‰KwU ˆjvKwcÉq DcvLÅvGbi mƒò wbG`Æk Kiv nq| mƒòwU ˆMvc^ eËvþGY ewYÆZ ˆ`eZv wkGei Aw™² `‡wÓ¡GZ a»smcÉvµ¦ KvgG`Gei Kvgi…Gc cybRÆG¯Ãi M͸ wbG`Æk KGi| KvwjKvcyivY AbymvGiI KvgvLÅv kGõi Drcwî Kvgi…c mxgvbvi gGaÅ mZxi RbGbw±`Êq cZGbi mGã RwoZ|  [BQvgyóxb miKvi]

cÉvPxb I gaÅhyGM Kvgi…c  Kvgi…Gci cÉvPxb f„wgGZ wewf®² gvbeGMvÓ¤xi emwZ ÷i‚ nq wLËGÓ¡i RG¯ÃiI `yB kZ eQi cƒeÆ ˆ^GK| AwÓ¡ËK RvwZi eskai KvweÆmivB mÁ¿eZ AvmvGgi Avw` Awfevmx| ‰ RvwZ ˆ^GKB Lvwm, ŠRw¯¦qv, KzwK, jymvB (wgGRv) DcRvwZi D«¿e| wKivZiv PxGbi cwøg Ask ˆ^GK ‰Gm emwZ MGo| ‰iv wQj gGãvjxq RvwZfzî× ‰es ‰G`i fvlv wQj Pxbv-wZe»Zxq| ˆevGov, MvGiv, ivfv, ˆ`Dwi, wgwms, ˆgvivb, mywZqv, w`gvmv ‰es ˆKvP (ivReskx), jvjys, nvRsivI ‰B ‰KB RvwZi A¯¦fzÆî×| ‰KB ‰jvKvq Dfq RvwZi mnveÕ©vGbi KviGY ‰G`i gGaÅ mswgkÉY NGU ‰es ‰  mswgkÉGYi cUf„wgGZB ÷i‚ nq Angxq RvwZ wewbgÆvGYi cÉwò×qv| ‰i ciB evsjv ˆ^GK `Ëvweo RvwZi Dîimƒwi ŠKeZÆÅ I evwbqviv ˆmLvGb AwfevwmZ nq ‰es Kg ˆewk cviÕ·wiK mswgkÉY NUvq|

HwZnvwmK hyGM ‰Kw`GK ivRv I ivResGki D«¿e NGU, ‰es ZvG`i c†Ó¤GcvlKZvq eËvþY hvRKG`i cybeÆvmGbi gvaÅGg ‰KwU hvRK ˆkÉYxi m†wÓ¡ nq, ‰es AbÅw`GK K‡wl-`vm I ivR cwievGii wbÁ²GkÉYxi ˆjvKG`i mg¯¼Gq MGo IGV K‡lKGkÉYx| Kvgi…c mgvGR ‰ aiGbi, ˆkÉYxwebÅvmKvGj egÆb ivResGki cÉ^g ivRv 350 ˆ^GK 380 mvj chƯ¦ cÉvMGRÅvwZlcyGi ivRZ½ KGib| ‰ mgGqB cÉvMGRÅvwZlcyGii bZzb bvgKiY nq Kvgi…c|

Angxq kvmbvgGj wkL agÆ÷i‚ ˆZMevnv`yi ‰es Bmjvg agÆkvÕ¨æ AvRvb dwKi Kvgi…Gc AvGmb, ‰es ‰ kvmbvgGjB wn±`y agÆvPvhÆ kÉxg¯¦ kâiG`e Kvgi…Gc R¯ÃMÉnY KGib| ‰ agÆài‚iv agÆcÉPvi ÷i‚ KiGj RbMGYi gGaÅ ivRKxq fvlv eÅvcK weÕ¦vi jvf KGi| Abyi…cfvGe BwZnvmPPÆv (eyi‚wé) ‰es ivRKxq c†Ó¤GcvlKZvi dGj ‰ mgGq Kvgi…Gci fvlv I mvwnZÅ mg†«¬ nq|

gnvivR cÉZvcP±`Ê wmsGni kvmbvgj chƯ¦ ivRKxq cÉkvmGb ˆMvòxq eÅeÕ©v cÉPwjZ wQj| ZGe f„wgi Rixc eÅeÕ©v, Av`g÷gvixi cÉPjb I cvBK cÉ^vi cÉeZÆb, D®²ZZi mvg¯¦ cÉ^vi cÉPjb ‰es cwiGkGl fviZ ˆ^GK wn±`y eËvþY cyGivwnZG`i AvMgb I cybeÆvmGbi KviGY ˆMvòxq RbKvVvGgv ˆfGO cGo ‰es cÉPwjZ ˆMvòxq cÉ^v axGi axGi ˆjvc ˆcGZ ^vGK|

gaÅhyGM evsjvi myjZvb I gyMj myevn`viMY eüevi Avmvg I Kvgi…c `LGji cÉqvm Pvjvb| ‰ eÅvcvGi Bwjqvm kvn , ˆnvGmb kvn I gxiRygjv ‰i cÉGPÓ¡vi K^v DGÍÏL Kiv hvq| wK¯§ ‰mKj cÉGPÓ¡vi dGj AwRÆZ weRq ˆ^GK ˆKvb Õ©vqx mÁ·KÆ Õ©vwcZ nq wb|

AvaywbK Kvgi…c  kvmKGkÉYxi mGã agÆxq mvÁ·É`vwqKZvi AvKvGi mvaviY K‡lKGkÉYxi weGivGai cÉwZdjb NGU ˆgvqvgvwiqv weG`ËvGni (1769-1826) gvaÅGg ‰es w`Gb w`Gb Zv ZxeËZi nGZ ^vGK| kvmKGMvÓ¤x I cÉRvG`i gaÅKvi msNGlÆi KviGY Kvgi…Gc Angxq cÉkvmb eÅeÕ©v ˆfGO cGo| wewf®² RvwZGMvÓ¤xi mswgkÉGY MGo IVv mvgvwRK RxebI wewœQ®² nGq cGo| mviv ˆ`Gk eÅvcK cÉvYnvwb NGU; MYweG`ËvGni dGj `ywfÆÞ ˆ`Lv ˆ`q ‰es ‰GZ KGi AvmvGgi mvgvwRK Rxeb wechÆÕ¦ nGq cGo| ‰ AeÕ©vq ‰Kw`GK meÆbvb±` wmsGni AvnevGb mvov w`Gq egÆxiv ‰es AbÅw`GK ˆMŒixbv^ wmsGni Avg¯¨GYi myGhvM wbGq BsGiRiv Kvgi…c `LGji DGóGkÅ Awfhvb Pvjvq| `yB weG`kx kwî×i ‰GKi ci ‰K Avò×gGY AmsLÅ cÉvYnvwb I cÉPzi mÁ·` webÓ¡ nq| 1817, 1819 I 1821 mvGj Avmvg `LGji ci egÆxiv 1822 ˆ^GK 1826 mvj chƯ¦ Avmvg kvmb KGi|

weËwUk KgÆKZÆv KÅvG¶Ÿb IGqGjGmi weGkl `ƒZ wMMvi ‰bmvBmDW I W. Rb wcUvi evDwW AvmvGgi Afů¦Gi evwYwRÅK KvhÆò×g ÷i‚ Kivi RbÅ 1793 mvGji 28 ˆdeË‚qvwi AGnvg ivRv ˆMŒwibv^ wmsGni mGã ‰K Pzwî× mÁ·v`b KGib| weËwUk cÉwZwbwai evwYwRÅK KvhÆò×Ggi DG`ÅvM AeÅvnZ ^vGK|

fviGZi weËwUk MfbÆi ˆRbvGij jWÆ AvgnvÕ¡Æ egÆx `Lj`viG`i wei‚G«¬ cvΟv AwfhvGbi ˆNvlYv ˆ`b| egÆxiv Avmvg `LGj ˆiGL weËwUk wbqw¯¨Z AçjI AwaKvGii ˆPÓ¡v Pvjvq| ‰ cvΟv Avò×gY cwiPvjbvi Ask wnGmGe Dîi-cƒeÆ mxgvG¯¦i weËwUk ‰GR´Ÿ ˆWwfU Õ•U AvmvGgi KvQvo ‰jvKvq ˆcŒGQb| wZwb ˆmLvGb ‰KwU cÉPvicGòi gvaÅGg Avmvg ˆ^GK egÆxG`i weZvob ‰es AvmvGg mKj ˆkÉYxi RbMGbi myLmvœQ±`Å weavGbi RbÅ ‰KwU miKvi cÉwZÓ¤vi cÉZÅq eÅî× KGib|

1826 mvGji 24 ˆdeË‚qvwi AvmvGg egÆxG`i civwRZ I weZvwoZ Kivi ci weËwUk miKvi egÆx ˆRbvGiGji mGã Bqv`uvey Pzwî× Õ¼vÞi KGi ‰es Zvici AvmvGg me aiGbi myL Õ¼vœQ±` mg†w«¬ ‰es kvw¯¦ ‘mGeÆvcwi RbMGYi BœQv Abyhvqx ‰KwU miKvi MVGbi’ cÉwZkÉ‚wZ w`Gq weËwUkiv Kvgi…c mn Avmvg `Lj KGi| ˆWwfW Õ•GUi ˆ`qv cÉwZkÉ‚wZ cƒiY KiGZ AÕ¼xKvi Kivq AGnvg RbMY weG`Ëvnx nGq IGV ‰es Bqv`uvey Pzwî× Õ¼vÞGii `yB eQi ˆhGZ bv ˆhGZB abéq ˆMvnvBb, wcIwj dzKvb, ˆMvgai ˆKvqvGii ˆbZ‡GZ½ AGnvgG`i gGaÅ Õ¼vaxbZvi `vweGZ weG`Ëvn ˆ`Lv ˆ`q| cÉ^g weG`Ëvn ÷i‚ nq 1826 mvGji ‰wcÉj gvGm ‰es w«¼Zxq evi 1830 mvGji 25 gvPÆ|

weËwUk KZƆcÞ 1826 ˆ^GK 1838 mvj chƯ¦ AvmvgGK mvgwiK kvmGbi AaxGb ivGL| ZvG`i gƒj DGókÅ wQj AvmvGgi evwYwRÅK ài‚Z½ wbGRG`i Õ¼vG^Æ KvGR jvMvGbv| 1838 mvGj AGnvg ivRv cyi±`i wmsn ÞgZvPzÅZ nb| H eQi ˆ^GKB mgMÉ AvmvgGK weËwUk DcwbGekfzî× Kiv nq| 1838 ˆ^GK 1874 mvj chƯ¦ evsjvi m`i`µ¦i ˆ^GK weËwUkiv Avmvg kvmb KiZ| 1874 mvGj AvmvgGK ‰KRb Pxd KwgkbvGii AaxGb bÅÕ¦ Kiv nq| 1905 mvGj cƒeÆeã I Avmvg bvGg MwVZ bZzb cÉG`Gki mGã hyî× nIqvi cƒeÆ chƯ¦ ‰ eÅeÕ©v envj wQj|

PvGqi Avev` ÷i‚ Kivi mGã mGã Õ©vbxq RbMYGK ewçZ Kivi ˆKŒkj wnGmGe weËwUk KZ‡ÆcÞ IGqBÕ¡ jÅv´£ ˆiàGjkb AvGivc KGi| ‰ ˆiàGjkGbi AvIZvq AvmvGgi Õ©vbxq RbMGYi Zzjbvq weËwUk bvMwiKG`i f„wg-ivRÕ¼ wQj AGbK Kg| AbÅw`GK ‰ ˆiàGjkb «¼viv ռ͸ gƒjaGbi wk͸cwZG`i f„wg AwaKvi jvGf ewçZ Kiv nq, KviY ‰i «¼viv ˆhGKvb eÅwî×GK 100 ‰KGii Kg Rwg BRviv MÉnGYi Ici wbGlavæv AvGivc Kiv nq|

‰ A«¿„Z ˆiàGjkGbi gvaÅGg weËwUk cÉkvmb mgMÉ Pv wk͸GK weËwUk Avev`KvixG`i nvGZ bÅÕ¦ KGi ‰KwU mvgËvRÅev`x cuywR MVbGK P„ov¯¦ i…c ˆ`q| wewf®² evwYwRÅK ARynvGZ Zviv AGcÞvK‡Z Kg gRyixGZ wenvi, cwøgeã I DwolÅv ˆ^GK kÉwgK Avg`vwb KiGZ ^vGK ‰es ‰GZ KGi Õ©vbxq kÉwgKG`i RxweKvRÆGbi c^ i‚«¬ nq| weËwUk cuywR e†w«¬i jGÞÅ cÉkvmGbi QòQvqvq fviZ ˆ^GK wecyj msLÅK kÉwgGKi Awfevmb AvmvGgi RbmsLÅv KvVvGgvGZ cwieZÆGbi mƒPbv KGi| AwfevwmZ ‰me kÉwgK ‰es fviZxq AbÅvbÅ PvKzGiG`i cÉGqvRGb evRvi cÉwZÓ¤v Kiv nq| Pv Avev`Kvix gvwjKG`i mg^ÆGb gvGovqvwi I evOvwj eÅemvqxiv ‰LvGb cÉwZÓ¤v jvGfi myGhvM cvq| ˆKivwb, wjwcKvi I mycvifvBRvGii kƒYÅ c`àwj cƒiY Kiv nq ewnivMZ evOvwjG`i «¼viv| ‰GZ Õ©vbxq RbMY ‰B myGhvM ˆ^GK ewçZ nq| ‰fvGe Pv wkG͸i D«¼†î gƒjab ‰es PvKzwiRxexG`i ˆeZGbi A^Æ AeÅvnZfvGe ˆ`Gki evBGi cvPvi nGZ ^vGK| DcwbGewkK ‰B ˆkvlY Õ©vbxq cyuwRi Aeva e†w«¬GZ cÉwZe®¬KZv m†wÓ¡ KGi ‰es `Ë‚Z ewnivMZ wk͸cwZ weKvkGK DrmvwnZ KGi|

weËwUk ˆkvlY ò×Gg ò×Gg e†w«¬ cvIqvq RbMY Þzº¬ nGq IGV ‰es ‰ AmG¯¦vl P„ov¯¦ weG`ËvGni i…c ˆbq| weÞzº¬ AGnvg RbMY ‘ivBRGgj’ (MYcwil`) ‰i ˆbZ‡Z½ I wbG`Ækbvq Rxeb giY msMÉvGg AeZxYÆ nq| cÉ^g weG`Ëvn ˆ`Lv ˆ`q dzjàwoGZ 1861 mvGji 17 ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i ‰es cGi cvwZ`vivs, bjevwo, jvwPgv, evivgv, evRwj, ˆLwò, Dci evifvM, iwãqv ‰es meÆGkl 1894 mvGj weLÅvZ cv^vi‚NvGU wbGRG`i mveÆGfŒgZ½ cybtcÉwZÓ¤vi RbÅ RbMY weËwUk mvgËvRÅevG`i wei‚G«¬ weG`Ëvn KGi| wKQy mxgve«¬Zvi KviGY ‰me exGivwPZ msMÉvg eÅ^Æ nGjI ivBRGgGji ˆbZ‡GZ½ cwiPvwjZ RvwZ ˆMvò I eYÆ wbweÆGkGl Avcvgi RbMGYi ‰ msMÉvg wQj AGnvgxq RvZxqZvevG`i AMÉ`ƒZ ‰es Kvgi…c wQj ‰i cÉvYGK±`Ê|

1935 mvGj cÉ^gevGii gGZv AvmvGg wbeÆvPb c«¬wZ Pvjy Kiv nq| wbeÆvPGbi ivRbxwZi dGj m†wÓ¡ nq ÞgZvi «¼G±`i| ‰ «¼G±«¼i KviGY wewf®² ivR‹bwZK `Gji ˆbZ‡GZ½ mgvR wefî× nGq cGo DcRvwZ I A-DcRvwZ, wn±`y I gymwjg bvbvgyLx ˆmËvZavivq|

weËwUk kvmbvgGjB wesk kZvõxi cÉ^g `kGK 439 gvBj `xNÆ ˆijmoK wbwgÆZ nGqwQj ‰es weËwUkivB cÉ^g wWMeGq ‰wkqvb AGqj widvBbvwi cÉwZÓ¤v KGi| weËwUk kvmbvgGj RjcG^i cvkvcvwk moKcG^ ˆhvMvGhvMI cÉkÕ¦ nGqGQ| Pv, Kqjv, µÏvBDGWi gGZv wKQy wk͸ cÉwZÓ¤vbI MGo ˆZvjv nq| wK¯§ ‰me D®²qb ˆ^GK Õ©vbxq RbMY ˆZgb ˆKvb myweavB cvq wb| ‰me ˆ^GK gƒjZ weËwUk I Õ©vbxq gaÅweî ˆkÉYxi kvmKGMvÓ¤xB jvfevb nGqGQ|

cyivZb cvBK I ˆLj c«¬wZi weGjvc mvab KGi ‘f„wg I ivRÕ¼’ c«¬wZ Pvjy Kiv nq| ‰fvGeB Zviv mvg¯¦ cÉ^vi A¯¦ivGj cuywRevG`i cÉwZÓ¤v KGi| cÉRvG`i AvbyMZÅ jvGfi DGóGkÅ Zviv cyiGbv gaÅweî ˆkÉYxi ‰KwU AskGK cwøgv wkÞvq wkwÞZ KGi DcwbGewkK cÉkvmGb wbGqvM KGi| ‰me wkwÞZ ˆjvKG`i kni ‰jvKvq gÅvwRGÓ¡ËU, gyG´Öd, `vGivMv I ˆKivwb cG` ‰es cÍÏx ‰jvKvq ˆgŒRv`vi, ˆPŒayix, MÉvgcÉavb I gouj cG` wbGqvM ˆ`qv nq| Zviv weËwUGki AvÕ©vfvRb ˆMvÓ¤xGZ cwiYZ nq ‰es ‰ivB Angxq mgvGRi bZzb wfwî MGo ˆZvGj| ‰fvGeB cyiGbv gaÅweî ˆkÉYxi a»smveGkGli Dci bZzb AGnvgxq gaÅweî ˆkÉYxi weKvk NGU|  [wmivRyj Bmjvg]