KvRx
weËwUkcƒeÆ hyGM gymjgvb AvBb mÁ·wKÆZ wePvi KvhÆ mÁ·v`bKvix
c`Õ© KgÆKZÆv| gymjgvb kvmKMY KziAvb AbymvGi `xDqvwb I ˆdŒR`vwi
Dfq cÉKvi AvBb cÉGqvGMi RbÅ cÉavbZ knGi KvRx wbhyî× KiGZb| hw`I Zî½MZfvGe
myevn`vi wQGjb g†ZzÅ`í, DîivwaKvi ‰es gymwjg AvBGbi eÅvLÅv `vGbi
ˆÞGò Zuvi myevq mGeÆvœP ÞgZvi AwaKvix, ZeyI ‰me welq ÷i‚ nGZv KvRxi
‰RjvGm| myevn`vi ÷ay KvRx cÉ`î ivq AbyGgv`b, cwieZÆb wKsev ˆÞò weGkGl
evwZj KiGZ cviGZb|
cÉ^g
w`GK weev` gxgvsmv Kiv wQj Zuvi KvR, wK¯§ cGi Zuvi KgÆGÞGòi cwiwa eÅvcKfvGe
e†w«¬ cvq| ‰mgGq ‰wZgLvbv ‰es cvMjvMviG`i Zî½veavb I cwiPvjbv, agÆxq
AvBGb wePvi mÁ·v`b I evÕ¦evqb ‰es ivRÕ¼gyî× f„-mÁ·wîi Zî½veavbI Zuvi
AvIZvfzî× nq| KLbI KLbI wZwb Amnvq weaevG`i Dchyî× cvGò weGqi eÅeÕ©v
KiGZb| ˆh mKj mÁ·wî wbGq weGiva AvGQ ˆZgb mÁ·wî Zuvi ev Zuvi gGbvbxZ
eÅwî×i wbKU MwœQZ ^vKZ| wZwb AbÅvqKvixGK ˆkvaivGZ mvnvhÅ KiGZb| MfbÆi
ev wbeÆvwn KgÆKZÆvG`i `vwqZ½ wQj AvBGbi ghÆv`v iÞvi KvGR ZuvGK mvnvhÅ
Kiv| ˆK±`Ê KZ‡ÆK wbGqvwRZ nGq ‰es MfbÆi ev wbeÆvwn wefvGMi wbq¯¨Ygyî×
ˆ^GK KvRx gymwjg kwiqv (BmjvwgK AvBb) ev Av`vn A^Ævr mg`wkÆZv
I hywî×i wfwîGZ wePvi KvR mgvav KiGZb| AvBGbi AvIZvi gGaÅ weGivGa RwoZ
cÞàwji gvGS mgGSvZv cÉwZÓ¤v KiGZ mvnvhÅ KivI Zuvi KvR wQj| RNbÅ AbÅvq
ev RvwjqvwZi RbÅ kvwÕ¦cÉvµ¦, ev cÞcvZ`yÓ¡ eÅwî×eMÆ Qvov mKj gymjgvbB
wek¼vmGhvMÅ mvÞx wnGmGe M†nxZ nGZb| bZzb mvÞÅ ev hywî×i AvGjvGK KvRx
wbGRB ivq e`jvGZ cviGZb|
KvRx-B-gvgvwjK
ev KvRx-Dj-KzävZ wQGjb `xDqvb-B-KvRv ev wePvi wefvGMi
cÉavb| mgMÉ wePvi wefvM ‰es agÆ welqK cÉkvmb KvRx-B-gvgvwjGKi
`vwqZ½vaxb wQj| wZwb wbÁ² Av`vjZ ˆ^GK Avwcj ÷bGZb ‰es Õ©vbxq KvRxG`i
wbGqvM w`GZb| cÉvK-gyMj I gyMjhyMmn mgMÉ gymwjg AvgGj KvRx mÁÃvb I ghÆv`vi
AwaKvix wQGjb|
evsjvq
weËwUk kvmb cÉwZwÓ¤Z nIqvi mGã mGã KvRxi ÞgZv `Ë‚Z ˆjvc ˆcGZ ^vGK| 1793
mvGji KbÆIqvwjm ˆKvGWi AvIZvq KvRxi wePvi welqK ÞgZv iBj bv eGjB PGj|
AekÅ `xDqvwb gvgjvi ˆÞGò BsGiR wePviKGK Zuvi Av`vjGZ ‰KRb KvRx ivLGZ
nGZv| 1861 mvGji nvBGKvUÆ AvBb KvRxi ‰ ÞgZvI ˆKGo ˆbq| ‰ici ˆ^GK KvRxi
`vwqZ½ ÷ay gvgjvi KvMRcò cÉYqb I cÉZÅqGbi gGaÅ mxgve«¬ nGq cGo| ZvQvov
KvRx gymjgvb mgvGRi weGq, g†GZi ˆklK‡ZÅ (RvbvRv BZÅvw`) ‰es AbÅvbÅ AbyÓ¤vbvw`
Z`viK I AvBbwm«¬ KiGZb|
eZÆgvGb
KvRxi ‰Kgvò AvBbMZ KvR nGœQ gymjgvbG`i weGq wbe®¬xKiY I weGq covGbv|
weGq wbe®¬xKiY KGi ˆh wd Avq nq ZvB w`Gq miKvi AbyGgvw`Z KvRx AwdGmi
eÅq wbeÆvn nq| Bmjvwg kvÕ¨æ ‰es ‰KRb ivÓ¡Ëxq `vwqZ½cvjbKvix eÅwî× wnGmGe
Dwbk kZGKi gvSvgvwS chƯ¦ KvRx mgvGR hG^Ó¡ mÁÃvGbi cvò wQGjb| Zvici
ˆ^GK ÷ay weGq wbe®¬xKiY Zuvi `vwqZ½ nq| [Avõyj Kwig]
