Jla (Drug)  ˆ`Gni ŠRewbK KvhÆvw` Õ¼vfvweKfvGe Pjvi RbÅ ˆ`Gn cÉweÓ¡ KivGbvi DcGhvMx ˆh ˆKvb ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ| ‰ aiGbi `ËeÅvw`i AwaKvskB Jla wnGmGe weGewPZ| ZGe wbGKvwUb A^ev AÅvjGKvnjhyî× wKQy ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ Õ²vqyZG¯¨ DGîRbv e†w«¬GZ ev cÉkgGb eÅvcKfvGe eÅen…Z nq|

AZÅvekÅKxq Jla  ˆivGMi wPwKrmvi RbÅ AcwinvhÆ weGewPZ Jla| Jla K‡wòg DcvGq ŠZwi A^ev cÉvK‡wZK Drm (Dw«¿`) ˆ^GK msM†nxZ wbw`ÆÓ¡ ivmvqwbK àYmÁ·®² `ËeÅ| ‰àwji ivmvqwbK MVb RwUj ‰es wewf®² ˆivGMi wPwKrmv I cÉwZGivGa eÅenvhÆ| wPwKrmvi `ywU w`K wbivgq I h¯¨Yvgywî×| cÉ^gwUi `†Ó¡v¯¦ AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUK hv ˆivMRxevYy a»sm KGi ‰es w«¼ZxqwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ wKQy ˆivGMi DcmMÆ Dckg KGi, ˆhgb `xNÆÕ©vqx eÅ^v I ˆe`bvq eÅen…Z AÅvmwcwib| cÉwZGiva ejGZ mvaviYZ kixGi `xNÆGgqvw` ˆivMwbeviK eÅeÕ©v MGo ˆZvjv ˆevSvq hv wUKv ev fÅvKwmGbi (vaccine) gvaÅGg AwRÆZ nq| AvweÓ•‡Z AmsLÅ JlaB cÉGqvRbxq ‰es cÉK‡ZcGÞ AwaKvskB wbw`ÆÓ¡ wKQy ˆivGMi wPwKrmvq AcwinvhÆ| wK¯§ AZÅvekÅKxq JlGai aviYv c†w^exi wewf®² ˆ`Gki Av^ÆmvgvwRK AeÕ©vi ‰es wbw`ÆÓ¡ ˆ`Gki ˆivGMi NUbv I weÕ¦‡wZi wbwiGL weKwkZ nGqGQ| Rxeb iÞvKvix mKj JlaB AekÅ AZÅvekÅKxq Jla, wK¯§ ‰KwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ Jla ˆKvb ˆ`Gki AZÅvekÅKxq JlGai ZvwjKvq Õ©vb cvGe wK bv Zv gƒjZ ˆmB ˆ`Gk IB RvZxq ˆivM AvGQ wK bv A^ev IB ˆ`Gk ‰B RvZxq ˆivM ‰KwU gvivñK Õ¼vÕ©ÅmgmÅv wKbv Zvi wfwîGZ wbaÆvwiZ nq| D®²qbkxj weGk¼i AwaKvsk ˆ`kB AZÅvekÅKxq JlGai ‰KwU ZvwjKv msiÞY KGi ‰es ‰B KvhÆò×Gg wek¼ Õ¼vÕ©Å msÕ©v (WHO) mnvqZv w`Gq ^vGK| AZxGZ, weGklZ wek kZGKi Avwki `kGK evsjvG`Gki AZÅvekÅKxq JlGai ZvwjKvq 200wU Jla A¯¦fzÆî× wQj| be»BGqi `kGK `ywU ài‚Z½cƒYÆ NUbvi cwiGcÉwÞGZ ‰B ZvwjKv `xNÆZi nq| ‰KwU nGjv be»BGqi `kGKi ˆMvovi w`GK ˆ`Gki evRvi A^ÆbxwZGZ Jla eÅemvi eÅvcK mÁ·†wî× ‰es AbÅwU nGjv ‰KwU RvZxq Õ¼vÕ©ÅbxwZ cÉYqb| cÉmãZ DGÍÏLÅ, ‰B Õ¼vÕ©ÅbxwZi AvGjvPbv cƒeÆeZÆx KGqK `kK ˆ^GK be»BGqi `kK chƯ¦ PGjwQj hv ‰LbI AvBGb cwiYZ nq wb| [wRqv Dwób AvnGg`]

AviI ˆ`Lyb AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUKm|

nuvcvwbGivax Jla  nuvcvwb cÉwZGiva, Dckg ev wPwKrmvq eÅen…Z Jla| evsjvG`Gk mvaviYZ eÅen…Z AvGivMÅKi `ËeÅ ev nuvcvwbGivax JlGai gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ ˆò×vGgvwjb ˆmvwWqvg (chromolyn sodium/disodium chromoglycate): cÉwZGlaK wnGmGe eÅen…Z ‰B Jla KvhÆKifvGe AÅvw´ŸGRb cÉfvweZ wnÕ¡vwgb| wg^vBjRÅvbw^b Jla (theophylline, aminophylline, theobromine, caffeine): ‰àwj k¼vmbvjxi cÉmviGYi mnvqK wnGmGe KvR KGi bv, wK¯§ dmGdvWvGqGÕ¡GiR bvgK DrGmPK wbtmiGY evav ˆ`q|

k¼vmbvjxi cÉmviKmgƒn ˆhgb adrenaline, ephedrine, epenehrine, isoprenaline, metaprotrenol, salbutamol, albuternol BZÅvw`| 1950 mvj ˆ^GK nuvcvwbi wPwKrmvq KiwUGKvGÕ¡iGqW eÅen…Z nGq AvmGQ| ‰àwji mwVK KvhÆmvab c«¬wZ ‰LbI ARvbv| ‰àwj evqybvjxi cÉ`vwnK cÉwZwò×qv e`jvGbv ev AvUKvGbvi KvR KGi eGj AbywgZ nq|  [mxGZk P±`Ê evQvi]

AviI ˆ`Lyb nuvcvwb|

D`ivgGqi Jla  D`ivgq cÉwZGivGai wPwKrmvq eÅen…Z ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ| D`ivgGqi wZbwU wKÑwbKÅvj aiGbi gGaÅ iGqGQ cÉPzi Rjxq gjZÅvM, Avgvkq I cÉK‡Z Õ©vqx D`ivgq| cÉwZ eQi mviv weGk¼ cuvP eQGii Kg cÉvq 7 ˆKvwU 35 jÞ wk÷ ‰GZ Avò×v¯¦ nq I cÉvq AvovB jÞ gviv hvq| Õ¼vfvweK LvevGii mGã ÷ay LvIqvi mÅvjvBb w`Gq cÉvq 95% wk÷GKB mvwiGq ˆZvjv hvq| ‰Qvov wKQy weGkl aiGbi JlaI Wvqwiqvi wPwKrmvq eÅen…Z nq ˆhgb, AvUvcvjMvBU (attapulgite), ˆKIwjb (kaolin), ˆKvGjÕ¡vBivwgb (cholestyramine) BZÅvw` hv eÅvKGUwiqvmn wewf®² RxevYywelGK wbwÓ˜q KGi ˆdjGZ cvGi| ZGe wk÷G`i ZxeË Wvqwiqvq ‰àwji ˆZgb KvhÆKiZv ˆbB|

wemgv^ mvemÅvwjmvBGjU ‘mdiKvixi D`ivgq’ (travellers’ diarrhoea) Avò×v¯¦ cÉvµ¦eqÕ•G`i NbNb gjZÅvGMi msLÅv I eÅwî×MZ Amyweavw` nËvm KGi| ‰Qvov evRvGi AGbK Jla cvIqv hvq hv cwiGkvlK, RxevYybvkK, mçvjbGivaK I AbÅvbÅ JlGai wgkÉGY ŠZwi|  [ˆgvt Igi dvi‚K Lvb]

AviI ˆ`Lyb AvBwmwWwWAvi,we; D`ivgq ˆivM; KGjiv; LvIqvi mÅvjvBb|

AvgvkGqi Jla  wkGMjv msò×gYRwbZ Avgvkq (iî× I ˆkÏÓÃvi mGã Nb Nb gjZÅvM ‰es ‰KB mGã AG¯¨i, weGklZ e†n`G¯¨i cÉ`vn, ˆcUeÅ^v BZÅvw`) wPwKrmvi Jla| Escherichia coli eÅvKGUwiqvI gvivZÄK aiGbi Avgvkq ˆivM NUvGZ cvGi| cuvP eQGii ˆewk eqmx wk÷ I eoG`i Entamoeba histolytica Avgvkq m†wÓ¡ KGi| Abƒa»Æ cuvP eQGii wk÷G`i 10 kZvsGki D`ivgq AvmGj AvgvkqNwUZ ‰es ‰G`i cÉvq 15% AvgvkqRwbZ Wvqwiqvq gviv hvq| wk÷G`i Avgvkq ejGZ mvaviYZ wkGMjv-‰i Avò×gYB ˆevSvq| wPwKrmvi PviwU cÉavb w`K nGœQ RxevYybvkK (antimicrobials) cÉGqvM, cÉPzi Rjxq `ËeÅ cvb, Õ¼vfvweK Lvevi LvIqv I ‰àwj PvwjGq hvIqv| UÇvBwgG^vwcÉg (trimethoprim), mvjdvwgG^vÝvRj (sulphamethoxazole), bvwjwWwÝK AÅvwmW (nalidixic acid) I AÅvgwcwmwjb (ampicillin) meÆvwaK eÅen…Z AvgvkGqi Jla| AvgvkGqi ÷i‚GZB Zv wkGMjvNwUZ wKbv cixÞv KGi mwVK RxevYybvkK MÉnY Kiv DwPZ| me mgGq wkGMjv kbvî× KGi mwVK RxevYybvkK ˆ`Iqv mÁ¿e bq, AwaKvsk wkGMjvi wei‚G«¬ eÅen…Z KvhÆKi RxevYybvkK eÅenviB Dîg| UÇvBwgG^vwcÉg-mvjdvwgG^vÝvRj (trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole) ‰GÞGò ˆmiv Jla, ZGe ˆKvb ˆKvb RvqMvq AÅvgwcwmwjbI KvhÆKi| mwVK ˆivMRxevYy wPwn×Z KGi mwVK RxevYybvkK eÅenviB evèbxq| wk÷G`i ˆÞGò cvwbkƒbÅZvi jÞY ˆ`Lv w`Gj LvIqvi mÅvjvBb ‰es ‰BmGã AcywÓ¡ ‰ovGZ Õ¼vfvweK Lvevi PvwjGq ˆhGZ nGe|  [ˆgvt Igi dvi‚K Lvb]

AviI ˆ`Lyb Avgvkq|

K‡wgi Jla  K‡wgbvkK wnGmGe eÅen…Z ivmvqwbK| gvbyl I AbÅvbÅ cÉvYx wdZvK‡wg I ˆMvjK‡wgRvZxq ciRxexGZ Avò×v¯¦ nq| MÉxÓÃgíjxq AçGji AÕ¼vÕ©ÅKi I mÅuvZGmuGZ cwiGeGkB ‰me cvwbevwnZ K‡wgi msò×gY AwaK gvòvq NGU| K‡wgbvkK Jla ˆcvlGKi ˆ`n ˆ^GK K‡wgi cywÓ¡ MÉnGYi ÞgZv webÓ¡ KGi A^ev Õ²vqyGckxwò×qv e®¬ KGi IG`i Aek I wb^i KGi ˆdGj| wdZvK‡wg, wcbK‡wg I ˆMvjK‡wgbvkK Jla ˆcŒwÓ¡KbvjxGZB ˆewk KvhÆKi| cÉavb cÉavb KGqKwU K‡wgi Jla nGjv: AÅvjGebWvRj (albendazole)- ˆMvjK‡wg I wdZvK‡wg a»sm KGi ‰es ‰G`i Avò×v¯¦ AG¯¨i wPwKrmvq eÅen…Z nq| cvk¼ÆcÉwZwò×qvq ˆcŒwÓ¡KZG¯¨ weN³ NGU I gvòvwZwiî× ˆmeGb hK‡GZi KvhÆvw` nËvm cvq| WvBB^vBjKveÆvgvRj mvBGUÇU (diethylcarbamazole citrate) ˆMv`GivM ev dvBGjwiqv ‰es Loa bvgK ciRxex «¼viv jwmKven msò×gGY eÅen…Z nq| ‰GZ ciRxexi g†ZzÅRwbZ cÉwZwò×qv ˆivMxi RbÅ gvivñK nGZ cvGi, ˆhRbÅ weK͸ wnGmGe AGcÞvK‡Z wbivc` BfviGgKwUb (ivermectin) eÅen…Z nq hv mvaviYZ AbGKvmviwmqvwmm (onchocerciasis) wPwKrmvq AwaK KvhÆKi I cvk¼ÆcÉwZwò×qvnxb| wjfvwgRj nvBGWÈvGKÑvivBW (levamisole hydrochloride) cÉvq me aiGbi K‡wgi wei‚G«¬B KvhÆKi, ZGe ˆMvjK‡wg I eò×K‡wgi ˆÞGòB eÅen…Z; cvk¼ÆcÉwZwò×qvi gGaÅ iGqGQ ˆcŒwÓ¡Kbvjxi Amyweav, gv^vaiv, R¾i, ˆckxeÅ^v I iGî×i Dcv`vbMZ weN³| ˆgGebWvRj (mebendazole) ˆmeGbi ci axGi axGi AG¯¨ ˆkvwlZ ‰B JlawU ˆMvjK‡wg I wdZvK‡wgi wei‚G«¬ mwò×q nGq IGV; cvk¼ÆcÉwZwò×qv gƒjZ ˆcŒwÓ¡KbvjxGZB mxgve«¬, ZGe gvòvwZwiî× ˆmeGb wjfvi I AwÕ©gävi mwò×qZv nËvm cvq| wcGcivwRb (piperazine) ˆMvjK‡wg I myZvK‡wgi wPwKrmvq eÅen…Z, kixGi fvjB mnÅ nq, ZGe AwaK ˆmeGb gvivñK Õ²vqy‹eKjÅ NUGZ cvGi| w^GqvGebWvRj (theobendazole) Z½GKi wbGP ˆMvjK‡wgi AbycÉGekNwUZ Z½K DGœQG` ‰es ˆcŒwÓ¡KbvjxGZ ˆMvjK‡wgi msò×gY wPwKrmvq eÅen…Z; ˆmeGbi ci Lye mnGRB AG¯¨ ˆkvwlZ nq, ZGe welwò×qv AÅvjGebWvRj I ˆgGebWvRGji Zzjbvq AwaK| [ˆgvt Igi dvi‚K Lvb]

AviI ˆ`Lyb  K‡wgRvZxq cÉvYx; wbgGUvW|

AGkvwaZ Jla (crude drug)  wPwKrmvKvGR eÅen…Z Dw«¿` I cÉvwYRvZ AcwiGkvwaZ `ËeÅ| ˆivM wbivgGq eÅen…Z ‰me `ËGeÅi gGaÅ A¯¦fzÆî× wewf®² MvQMvQvwj A^ev ZvG`i Ask, im, wbhÆvm I AbÅvbÅ Dcv`vb; mgMÉ cÉvwYG`n, ˆKvb Aã, MÉw¯©, wbtm†Z eÕ§ A^ev ˆKvb AGãi weGkl Dcv`vb| evsjvG`Gk mbvZb c«¬wZi wPwKrmvq ‰ aiGbi AmsLÅ eÕ§ Jla ŠZwiGZ eÅvcKfvGe eÅen…Z nq| AGbK mgq AGkvwaZ ‰me Jla ŠZwiGZ cÉwò×qvRvZ wbhÆvm, Ûv^, mswgkÉY ev cvZb c«¬wZGZ cÉvµ¦ `ËeÅvw` Dcv`vb wnGmGe eÅenvi Kiv nq|

AGkvwaZ Jla ŠZwiGZ ˆKej Õ©vbxq Dw«¿ä ‰es cÉvYx DrmB eÅen…Z nq bv, BDbvwb, AvqyGeÆw`K ‰es ˆnvwgIcÅvw^K Jla ŠZwiGZ ‰gb AGbK Dcv`vb weG`k ˆ^GKI Avg`vwb Kiv nq| ‰me `ËeÅ ˆnwKwg, KweivwR ‰es ˆjvKR Jla ŠZwiGZI KvGR jvMvGbv nq| AbyGgvw`Z AGkvwaZ Jla ŠZwiGZ eÅenvhÆ `ËeÅvw`i gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ evejv, AvgjwK, ARyÆb, AGkvK, kZgƒwj, nixZKx, Avgov, wZwm, ˆfGiív, `vi‚wPwb, njy`, wRiv, BDKÅvwj¶Ÿvm, imyb, wcuqvR, Av`v, KvjGgN, wbg, M®¬Z‡b (ˆjgb MÉvm), ˆcuGc, mcÆM®¬v, evmK BZÅvw`| cÉvwYR `ËeÅvw`i gGaÅ wewf®² cÉvYxi Pvgov, nwiGYi wks, nvwZi `uvZ, ÷÷GKi ˆZj, ZÞK, kvgyK, wSbyK, mvGci wel, ckg, Lyi BZÅvw`|  [Ave`yj Mwb]

RxeR Jla  wewf®² Rxe Drm, ˆhgb MvQMvQov, gvbylmn wewf®² cÉvYx A^ev AbyRxe ˆ^GK Drc®² ‰es wPwKrmvq eÅen…Z Jla ev ivmvqwbK `ËeÅ| gvbyl ˆ^GK cvIqv `ËeÅàwji gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ: mÁ·ƒYÆ iî× ev iGî×i ˆKvb Dcv`vb, AÅvw´ŸewW I AvBGmvAÅv™ÏywUwbb (isoagglutinins) ‰es niGgvb| KGVvi wbeÆxRGbi mveavbZvmn wbeÆvwPZ `vZvG`i KvQ ˆ^GK mÁ·ƒYÆ iî× ev iGî×i Dcv`vb ˆbIqv nq| ‰GZ AvGQ mvBGUÇU Avqbmgƒn (acid citrate dextrose, citrate phosphate dextrose) ev ZçbGivax wnGmGe ˆncvwib (heparin)| gvbyGli iî×iGm (plasma) AGbK iKGgi AÅvw´ŸewW ^vGK ˆhàwji wKQy wKQy Õ¼vfvweK AeÕ©vq cvIqv hvq, AbÅàwj msò×gGYi dGj m†Ó¡ A^ev K‡wòg DcvGq wUKv`vGbi dGj DóxwcZ| niGgvbàwji gGaÅ AvGQ MfÆeZxG`i gƒò ˆ^GK msM†nxZ ˆKvwiIwbK ˆMvbvGWvGUÇvwdb (chorionic gonadotrophins), ‰es iRtwbe†î gwnjvG`i gƒò ˆ^GK cvIqv ˆgGbvUÇwdb (menotrophins) hvGZ ^vGK dwjKj DóxcK niGgvb (FSH)| mPivPi eÅen…Z AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUKàwj nGjv: ‰wgGbv™ÏvBGKvmvBW (aminoglycosides), ˆhgb Micromonospora purpura ˆ^GK cÉvµ¦ ˆR´ŸvgvBwmb mvjGdU (gentamycin sulphate), Streptomyces kanamyceticus ˆ^GK cvIqv KÅvbvgvBwmb mvjGdU (kanamycin sulphate), Streptomyces fradiae ˆ^GK cÉvµ¦ wbIgvBwmb mvjGdU (neomycin sulphate), Streptomyces griceus ˆ^GK cÉvµ¦ ˆÕ¡ËcGUvgvBwmb mvjGdU (Streptomycin sulphate); ˆcwbwmwjbmgƒn (wewf®² Penicellium cÉRvwZ ˆ^GK cvIqv 6 ‰wgGbv ˆcwbwmjvwbK AÅvwmW wbDwKÑqvGmi AaÆmsGkÏwlZ AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUK), ‰gwcwmwjb (ampicillin), ‰gwÝwmwjb (amoxycillin), KÑÝvwmwjb (cloxacillin), ˆgw^wmwjb (methicillin), ˆcwbwmwjb-wR (penicillin G), ˆebRvw^b ˆcwbwmwjb (benzathine penicillin) cÉf‡wZ|

eÅvKGUwiqvNwUZ wUKv (mÁ·ƒYÆ g†Z A^ev `yeÆwjK‡Z eÅvKGUwiqvi ‰KwU mvmGcbkb) hvGZ AvGQ BCG fÅvKwmb hv gvbylGK RxevYyi wei‚G«¬ cÉwZGiva ÞgZv ˆ`q; Vibrio cholerae eÅvKGUwiqv ˆ^GK cÉvµ¦ KGjiv fÅvKwmb, Bordetella pertusis bvgK eÅvKGUwiqv ˆ^GK cÉvµ¦ cviUzwmm (pertusis) fÅvKwmb, ˆµÏGMi eÅvKGUwiqv Persinia pestis ˆ^GK cÉvµ¦ ˆµÏM fÅvKwmb ‰es UvBdGqGWi eÅvKGUwiqv Salmonella typhae ˆ^GK UvBdGqW fÅvKwmb|

ˆKvb ˆKvb niGgvb I DrGmPK, ˆhgb ™ÏyKvMb M†ncvwjZ Õ¦bÅcvqxi A™²vkq ˆ^GK cvIqv hvq| Mi‚ ev ˆfovi A™²vkq ˆ^GK BbmyÅwjb I KwUÆGmvb-E msM†nxZ nq| ‰àwji AGbK ˆivMwbivgqKvix àY AvGQ| UvUKv KW gvGQi wjfvi ˆ^GK cvIqv wfUvwgb ‘‰’ ‰es ‘wW’ mg†«¬ ˆZj ‰B `ywU wfUvwgGbi NvUwZcƒiGYi RbÅ eÅvcKfvGe eÅen…Z nq|  [mxGZk P±`Ê evQvi]

Õ©vwbK Jla (topical drug)  Jla ev ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb, hv Z½GKi DcwifvGM ev wgDKvm AveiYxGZ eÅenvi Kiv nq| Õ©vwbK Jlaàwji AGbKàwjGK RxevYy cÉwZGivax, cPbGivaK, KwUÆGKvGÕ¡iGqW, ˆKvGli AÕ¼vfvweK e†w«¬ cÉwZGivaK, Õ©vwbK AekKvix, AÅvbRvBbv ‰es DœP iî×Pvc cÉwZGivaK wnGmGe ŠZwi Kiv nq| wKQy wKQy ivmvqwbK gkv, gvwQ I AbÅvbÅ ÞwZKi KxUcZã ˆ^GK mvaviY myiÞvi RbÅ, wKsev mƒGhÆi ÞwZKi iwkÄ cÉwZGivaK, ˆKvgjZv eaÆK wKsev `skb cÉwZGivaK wnGmGe Õ©vwbKfvGe eÅenvi Kiv nq| Õ©vwbKfvGe eÅen…Z gjg nGZ cvGi RxevYy cÉwZGivax, QòvK wbGivaK Dcv`vb, cÉ`vn wbeviK Dcv`vb ‰es PzjKvwb cÉwZGivaK (ˆhme Jla ˆLvm-cuvPov ev PzjKvwb `ƒi KGi)|

evsjvG`Gk wewf®² Jla ˆKvÁcvwb (ˆhgb ˆewÝgGKv, dvBm´Ö evsjvG`k, ™ÏvGÝv evsjvG`k, Õ•qvi cÉf‡wZ) wf®² wf®² gvòvq ‰es wf®² wf®² ivmvqwbK bvGg Õ©vwbK Jla ‰es ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb Drcv`b KGi ^vGK| ‰àwji gGaÅ AvGQ wjbGWÝ ò×xg, ˆnwÝGUb ò×xg, mÅvfjb ò×xg, wÕ•bvjvi-‰b ò×xg, ˆebGRvwqK ‰wmW ‰es mÅvwjmvBwjK ‰wmW gjg, ˆeUGbvGfU gjg ev AGq´ŸGg´Ÿ cÉf‡wZ|  [ˆgvt mvBdzj Bmjvg]

JlaRwbZ DG«¿` (drug eruption) Jla AÅvjvwRÆ wnGmGeI cwiwPZ| gyL, k¼vmMÉnY wKsev BbGRKkGbi gvaÅGg ˆKvb Jla c«¬wZMZfvGe eÅenvGii dGj Z½GK ‰K aiGbi DG«¿` m†wÓ¡ nq| Jla AÅvjvwRÆ ˆKvb ‰KwU wPwKrmvq eÅen…Z JlGai wei…c cÉwZwò×qvq NGU| ˆKvb ˆ`Gn ˆivM cÉwZGivax eÅeÕ©v hLb AZů¦ msGe`bkxj nq ZLb ˆKvb ‰KwU c`vG^Æi DcwÕ©wZGZ ˆmB ˆ`n wei…c cÉwZwò×qv cÉ`kÆb KGi hv AbÅ AwaKvsk gvbyGli ˆÞGò KGi bv|

JlGai cÉwZwò×qv mPivPi nGZ ˆ`Lv hvq bv, ZGe ˆh ˆKvb Jla ˆKvb ˆKvb eÅwî×i ˆ`Gn AÕ¼vfvweK cÉwZwò×qv m†wÓ¡ KiGZ cvGi| ‰B wei…c cÉwZwò×qv kixGi DGîRbv m†wÓ¡, mvgvbÅ cvk¼ÆcÉwZwò×qv ˆhgb, ewg ˆ^GK ÷i‚ KGi AÅvjvwRÆRwbZ RxebNvZx cÉwZiÞv eÅ^ÆZv (anaphylaxis) chƯ¦ m†wÓ¡ KGi| wKQy Jla AÕ¼vfvweK cÉwZwò×qv cÉ`kÆb KGi| ˆ`Lv wMGqGQ AÅvmwcwib ˆmeGb PGgÆ AÅvjvwRÆwenxb AvgevZ wKsev nuvcvwb ˆ`Lv w`GZ cvGi| JlaRwbZ DG«¿` KLbI KLbI Z½GK dzmKzwo, PzjKvwb, ˆVuvU dzGj IVv cÉf‡wZ DcmMÆ wnGmGe cÉKvk cvq|

ˆcwbwmwjbmn KwZcq AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUK AGbK ˆÞGò JlaRwbZ AÅvjvwRÆi KviY| AbÅvbÅ mvaviY AÅvjvwRÆ m†wÓ¡Kvix Jlamgƒn nGœQ mvjdviRvZxq Jla, NyGgi Jla, wLPzwbi Jla, cÉvwYG`n ˆ^GK ŠZwi Bbmywjb ‰es Õ©vwbK Abyf„wZbvkK KwZcq Jla|

evsjvG`Gk JlaRwbZ DG«¿` Lye ˆewk ˆ`Lv hvq| ZGe JlaRwbZ AÅvjvwRÆGivGai ˆZgb ˆKvb Rvbv Dcvq ˆbB| ˆh me gvbyGli Jla AÅvjvwRÆ iGqGQ, ZvG`i ˆmme Jla ˆmeb bv KivB AÅvjvwRÆ cÉwZwò×qv ‰ovGbvi mGeÆvîg c^| AwaKvsk Jla-AÅvjvwRÆ wPwKrmvq `ËyZ fvj nGq hvq| A͸ wKQy ˆÞGò ZxeË nuvcvwb ˆ`Lv ˆ`q|  [ˆgvt knx`yÍÏvn]

gv`Kvmwî×  eÅenvGii wbG`ÆwkZ webÅvGmi wePzÅwZ NwUGq mPivPi Õ¼-cÉGqvGMi gvaÅGg ˆKvb JlGai eÅenvi ev AwZ eÅenvi| ‰gb JlGai gGaÅ iGqGQ ˆe`bvbvkK, wPîcÉkgbKvix, cÉkvw¯¦`vqK, wb`ËvKviK wcj, ˆPZbvbvkK BZÅvw`, hv ˆivM wPwKrmvGZ wKQy wbw`ÆÓ¡ jÞY `ƒixfzZ Kivi cÉGqvRGb eÅenvi Kiv nq| wK¯§ ‰me JlGai gGaÅ KGqK iKGgi Jla myÕ© gvbyl eÅenvi KiGj ZvG`i ˆ`Gn bvbv iKGgi gvbwmK I AvPiYMZ cÉwZwò×qvi m†wÓ¡ nq hv ZvG`i gvbwmK AeÕ©vGK cÉfvweZ KGi ^vGK ˆhgb Õ¼Gµ²i gGZv Abyf„wZ ev D«¿U iKGgi Dcjwº¬RvZ AwfæZv m†wÓ¡|

JlGai AceÅenvi mviv weGk¼B ‰KwU ài‚Zi Õ¼vÕ©Å mgmÅv hv wkG͸v®²Z wek¼ ‰es D®²qbkxj wek¼ DfqGKB ÞwZMÉÕ¦ KGi| ‰wkqv I `wÞY AvGgwiKvi AGbK D®²qbkxj ˆ`Gk ‰me JlGai AGbKàwj ˆeAvBwbfvGe ŠZwi Kiv nGq ^vGK| ‰àwji ŠZwii Ici wbq¯¨GYi AfvGe ‰es cÉwZK„j AvenvIqvi KviGY ‰B `ËeÅàwj A‹ea cG^ weò×q nq ‰es cÉvq ˆÞGòB DœP gƒGjÅ, KviY cvøvGZÅi ˆMvcb evRviàwjGZ ‰mGei cÉPzi Pvwn`v we`Ågvb| ‰me fxwZKi `ËeÅ ‰G`i cÉÕ§ZKvix ˆ`kmgƒnGK Qvo ˆ`q bv| Drcv`bKvix ˆ`kàwjB `Ë‚Z ˆfvî×v ˆ`Gk cwiYZ nq|

gv`Kvmwî× gvbyGli mgvGR ˆKvb bZzb welq bq| mfÅZvi ÷i‚ ˆ^GKB ‰i mƒPbv hLb gvbyl K‡wlKvGR gGbvwbGek KGi ‰es Õ¼vfvweKfvGe R¯Ãjvf Kiv MvQMvQov AvweÓ•vi KGi, ˆhàwj eÅenvi KiGj ˆgRvGRi cwieZÆb NGU ‰es myLKi Abyf„wZ nq| ‰B DcgnvG`Gki Ask weGkGl MuvRv I AvwdGgi AceÅenvi cÉvPxb Kvj ˆ^GKB wQj| g`RvZxq cvbxGqi eÅenviI LyeB mvaviY eÅvcvi wQj hw`I gG`i ˆbkvGK mgvGR me mgqB AMÉnYGhvMÅ eGj MYÅ Kiv nGZv|

ˆhme gv`K`ËeÅ mPivPi eÅenvi nGq ^vGK ‰àwjGK QqwU ˆkÉYxGZ fvM Kiv hvq| AvwdgRvZ gv`K, Aemv`Kvix-wb`Ëv AvbqbKvix gv`K, DGîRK, `†wÓ¡ög m†wÓ¡Kvix gv`K, MuvRv RvZxq ‰es k¼vGmi mGã ˆUGb ˆbIqv `ËeÅmgƒn| AvwdgRvZ gv`GKi gGaÅ AvGQ Avwdg, giwdb ‰es ˆnGivBb| ‰àwj ŠZwi nq cwc dzGji ÷wU ˆ^GK| Aemv`Kvix I wb`Ëv-AvbqbKvix gv`K`ËeÅ nGœQ eviwePzGiU, ˆhàwj ˆewkifvM ˆÞGòB DG«¼M cÉkgb ‰es wb`Ëv AvbqGbi RbÅ eÅenvi Kiv nGq ^vGK| ˆKvGKb `wÞY AvGgwiKvi ˆKvGKb MvGQi ‰KwU Drc®² `ËeÅ| ‰wU ˆPZbvniGYi RbÅ eÅenvi Kiv nGq ^vGK ‰es ‰wU LyeB Avmwî×KviK| ˆKvb ˆKvb KÅvKUvm ev dYxgbmv RvZxq MvQ ‰j.‰m.wW (wjmviwRK ‰wmW WvBB^vBj‰gvBW)-‰i gGZv `†wÓ¡weög m†wÓ¡Kvix `ËeÅ Drc®² KGi ^vGK ˆhgb, ˆgmKvjvBb| ˆdbmvBwKÑwWb (ˆhwU evsjvG`Gki KvGjvevRvGi ˆdbwmwWj bvGg cvIqv hvq) ‰KwU kwî×kvjx `†wÓ¡ weögKvix|

evsjvG`Gk gv`Kvmwî× ‰KwU ò×geaÆgvb cÉavb mvgvwRK mgmÅvi…Gc wPwn×Z| AZxGZ Avmwî× AvbqbKvix `ËeÅmgƒn Õ©vbxqfvGe mnGR cvIqv ˆhZ bv ‰es ˆcGj mxwgZ cwigvGY cvIqv ˆhZ| wK¯§ eZÆgvGb mnRZi ˆhvMvGhvM eÅeÕ©vi KviGY cYÅ `ËGeÅi PjvPj `Ë‚Z nGqGQ ‰es ‰KB mGã Jla I gv`K`ËGeÅi eÅemviI mÁcÉmviY NGUGQ| ˆ`Gki cÉvq 20 jÞ gvbyl ˆdbwmwWj gv`GKi wbqwgZ eÅenviKvix, ‰QvovI AvGQ MuvRv, ˆnGivBb ‰es ˆcw^wWb BbGRKkb, NyGgi ewUKv, cÉkvw¯¦`vqK, Aemv`KviK ev Abyi…c ˆKvbI Jla|

ˆ`Gk gv`Kvmî× ˆjvGKi msLÅv `Ë‚Z e†w«¬ cvGœQ| ‰B DG«¼MRbK cwiwÕ©wZi wecixGZ AGbK gv`Kvmwî× wbivgq ˆK±`Ê ˆ`Gki eo eo kniàwjGZ Õ©vcb Kiv nGqGQ| wK¯§ mgmÅvi ài‚GZ½i AbycvGZ ‰àwji msLÅv AcÉZzj| gv`Kvmî×G`i cybeÆvmb cÉGPÓ¡v hG^Ó¡ eÅqeüj I mgq mvGcÞ| gv`Kvmî×G`i cybeÆvmGbi RbÅ miKvwi cwiK͸bvi AvIZvq 1989 mvGj XvKvi ˆZRMuvI-‰ ‰KwU gv`Kvmwî× wbivgq cÉwZÓ¤vb (KwgDwbwU WÈvM ‰wWKkb BbwÕ¡wUDU) cÉwZÓ¤v Kiv nGqGQ| gv`Kvmî×G`i msLÅv e†w«¬ mGî½I ‰wUi myGhvMmyweav cÉ^g w`K ˆ^GKB AcÉZzj wQj| Aaybv ‰i myGhvM myweavi AviI AebwZ nGqGQ| eZÆgvGb ‰B cÉwZÓ¤vbwU eÕ§Z AKvhÆKi|

1990 mvGji gvSvgvwS mgq ˆ^GK ˆemiKvwi LvGZ hw`I AGbK cybeÆvmb ˆK±`Ê cÉwZwÓ¤Z nGqGQ, ‰àwjGZ cÉGqvRbxq h¯¨cvwZ, ˆjvKej ‰es wPwKrmv myweav AchÆvµ¦| cÉK‡ZcGÞ ‰B ˆK±`Êàwj msGkvabgƒjK Aei‚«¬ ^vKvi Õ©vb wnGmGeB eÅen…Z nq, ˆhLvGb gv`Kvmî×iv wPwKrmGKi Zî½veavGb wKQyKvj KvUvb ‰es gv`K wbfÆiZvi wKQy D®²wZ cwijwÞZ nGj ZvG`i ˆQGo ˆ`Iqv nq|  [wRqv Dwób AvnGg`]

AviI ˆ`Lyb  gv`K`ËeÅ|

JlGai m«¼Åenvi (rational use of drug)  ‰gb ‰K wPwKrmv eÅeÕ©v hv mvaviY ˆgŒwjK bxwZi IcGi wfwî KGi cÉ`î; A^ev hywî×wm«¬ cÉwò×qv, wePÞYZv wKsev myÕ© ˆPZbvi gvaÅGg ˆKvb JlGai cÉGqvM ev eÅenvi| Jla ‰KwU mvaviY kõ hv ˆKvb ivmvqwbK `ËeÅGK ˆevSvq ‰es Zv ˆKvb Rxe¯¦ cÉvYx MÉnY KiGj Zvi ‰K ev ‰KvwaK kvixwiK KvhÆò×Ggi cwieZÆb NUvGZ mÞg| mPivPi ˆivGMi wPwKrmvGZB JlGai eÅenvi nGq ^vGK| `ywU mvaviY ˆkÉYxi JlGai ‰KwU nGœQ AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUK ‰es AbÅwU ˆhme JlGa ˆbkv nGq ^vGK| cÉ^gwU ‰KwU AcwinvhÆ ˆkÉYxi Jla hv mviv c†w^exGZ cÉwZ eQi jÞ jÞ Rxeb evuwPGq ^vGK| AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUGKi AwZwiî× I hG^œQ eÅenvi cÉvq mywbwøZfvGeB RxevYyG`i gGaÅ ‰gb eskMwZ ŠewkÓ¡ÅmÁc®² cÉRG¯Ãi weKvk NUvq hv ‰B JlGai KvhÆKvwiZvi wei…G«¬ cÉwZGiva cÉ`kÆb KGi ^vGK| ‰wU eÅvKGUwiqvi AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUK cÉwZGivGai eüj cwiwPZ mgmÅv| w«¼Zxq ˆkÉYxi Jla ˆhàwjGK AfÅvm ev ˆbkv m†wÓ¡Kvixi…Gc MYÅ Kiv nq ˆmàwji ˆÞGò ‰gb cwiYwZ nq bv| ZGe ˆbkvMÉÕ¦ ˆjvGKiv mnGRB KGqK iKGgi ˆivGMi wei‚G«¬ cÉwZGivanxb ^vGK ‰es AGbK ˆbkvMÉÕ¦ ˆjvKB mgvRweGivax I `yÓK‡wZgƒjK KvGRi mGã hyî× nGq cGo|

weGk¼i AbÅvbÅ D®²qbkxj ˆ`Gki gGZvB evsjvG`GkI AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUGKi eÅenvi wewae«¬ Kiv ‰KwU mgmÅv| ‰LvGb fvBivm, RxevYy ev ciRxexNwUZ msò×vgK ˆivGMi cwigvY LyeB ˆewk| gvbyGli Rxeb evuPvGZ AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUGKi f„wgKv ˆh LyeB ài‚Z½cƒYÆ Zv AbÕ¼xKvhÆ| ‰LvGb cÉwZ 10,000 ˆjvGKi RbÅ wPwKrmGKi msLÅv gvò 2.6 Rb, hv c†w^exGZ meÆwbÁ² ejv hvq| ‰ KviGY h^vh^ wPwKrmGKi Zî½veavGb AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUGKi eÅenvi gvò RbMGYi ‰KwU AsGki ˆÞGòB nGq ^vGK| ‰Qvov eÅeÕ©vcò c«¬wZI ˆgvGUB Av`kÆ bq| meGPGq DG«¼MRbK NUbv nGœQ bvbviKGgi miKvwi I ˆemiKvwi msÕ©v «¼viv cwiPvwjZ wewf®² Õ¼vÕ©Å mGPZbZv KgÆmƒwPi KviGY ‰es JlGai ˆ`vKvbmgƒGni eÅvcK msLÅve†w«¬i KviGY ˆ`Gki cÉZů¦ AçGj AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUK ‰i mnRjfÅZv| dGj wPwKrmGKi AbyGgv`b QvovB ˆ`Gk cÉPzi cwigvGY AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUK weò×q nq| AGbK nvZzGo Wvî×vi ‰gbwK mvaviY MÉvgevmxivI hvG`i wKQyUv wkÞv AvGQ, Zviv AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUKmn AGbK iKGgi JlGai wbR wbR cÉwZÓ¤vwbK bvGgi eËvG´£i mGã cwiwPZ| ‰mGei eÅenvi mÁ¼G®¬ ‰G`i wKQy fvmv fvmv aviYv AvGQ| dGj cÉvq ˆÞGòB ‰iv wbGRG`i RbÅ A^ev gvGS gvGS AbÅG`iI eÅenvGii civgkÆ w`Gq ^vGK| Kg `vwg AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUKmgƒn hv mvaviY gvbyGli RbÅ cÉ^g mvwii AÕ¨ eGj MYÅ, cÉwZGiva weKvGki KviGY ‰àwji KvhÆKvwiZv  `Ë‚Z nvwiGq hvq| D`vi I ˆLvjv evRvi bxwZi KviGY ‰Lb AwaK gƒGjÅi AÅvw´ŸevGqvwUK mnGRB cvIqv hvq| ZGe ‰wU ÷ay ZvG`i RbÅ hvG`i mvg^ÆÅ AvGQ|

ˆbkvq cwiYZ nq ‰ aiGbi JlGai ˆÞGò evsjvG`Gki wPòUv Lye DrmvneÅéK bq| eÅeÕ©vcò eÅwZGiGK bvbv Jla eÅenvi nGœQ ˆhgb R¾i I cÉ`vn DckgKvix, cÉkvw¯¦`vqK, ˆe`bvbvkK, NyGgi ewo ‰me| ˆdbwmwWj bvgK ‰KcÉKvi ˆPZbv niYKvix Jla hv gb, AvPvi-AvPiY ev ˆgRvGRi Ici wò×qvkxj ‰es Õ¼Gµ²i ev D«¿U Dcjwº¬i Abyf„wZ m†wÓ¡ KGi Zv AbÅvbÅ AGbK ˆ`Gki gGZv evsjvG`GkI AceÅen…Z ‰KwU ˆRvivGjv Jla|  [wRqv Dwób AvnGg`]

Jla AvBb, 1940  ˆ`Gk JlGai Avg`vwb, iµ¦vwb, ŠZwi, cwiGekb I weò×q wbq¯¨K miKvwi wewa| ‰ AvBb meÆcÉ^g fviZ miKvi KZƆK 1940 mvGji 10 ‰wcÉj cÉYxZ nq ‰es cieZÆxKvGj cwiewZÆZ AeÕ©vi mGã mãwZ iÞvò×Gg msGkvwaZ I 1957 mvGji 21 Rvbyqvwi cvwKÕ¦vb miKvi KZ‡ÆK M†nxZ nq| ‰wU evsjvG`Gk M†nxZ nq 1974 mvGj [Bangladesh Laws (Revision and Declarations) (Amendment) Act No. LIII of 1974]|

‰B AvBb ‰Kw`GK ˆ`Gk wbÁ²gvGbi I ÞwZKi JlGai AbycÉGek ˆivGai RbÅ JlGai Avg`vwb wbq¯¨Y KGi, AbÅw`GK ‰wU ˆ`Gk wbÁ²gvGbi ev ˆfRvj Jla ŠZwi eG®¬i RbÅ Jla ŠZwii Ici wbq¯¨Y AvGivc KGi| Jla ò×q-weò×q, wgkÉY, weZiY I cwiGekb eÕ§Z weGklGæi KvR weavq AvBGb ‰gb wewa AvGQ hvGZ ÷ay myGhvMÅ I cÉwkÞYcÉvµ¦ eÅwî×ivB ‰ KvR mÁ·®² KiGZ cvGi|

‰ AvBGb miKvi cÉ`î h^vGhvMÅ AbyGgvw`Z jvBGm´Ö ev cviwgGUi gvaÅGgB ˆKej ˆKvb ˆKvb ˆkÉYxi Jla Avg`vwb PjGZ cvGi| ˆ`Gk Avg`vwbK‡Z mKj ˆkÉYxi JlGai ˆÞGòB wbaÆvwiZ gvb ‰es Zdwmj wbaÆvwiZ ˆjGej I cÅvwKs Abyhvqx ˆgvoKe«¬ nIqv evaÅZvgƒjK| me ˆkÉYxi Jla ŠZwii ‰es weZiY ev weò×Gqi RbÅI jvBGm´Ö MÉnGYi weavb AvGQ| ‰ AvBGb weGklfvGe wbGqvMcÉvµ¦ Jla cwi`kÆK «¼viv jvBGm´ÖK‡Z Õ©vbmgƒGn wbqwgZ cwi`kÆGbi gvaÅGg Jla ŠZwi ev weò×q wbq¯¨Y Kiv nGq ^vGK| ‰Qvov ŠZwi ev weGò×q JlamgƒGni bgybv msMÉn, ˆmàwjGK ˆK±`Êxq Jla cixÞvMvGi cixÞv I weGkÏlGYi gvaÅGg JlGai gvGbi Ici bRi`vwi ivLvi weavbI ivLv nGqGQ|

‰ AvBGbi AvIZvq cÉYxZ KwZcq Jlawewa ˆgvZvGeK wewf®² ˆkÉYxi JlGai cÅvwKs I ˆjGewjsGqi wbw`ÆÓ¡ aib ewYÆZ AvGQ| AvBbwUi A¯¦fzÆî× 20wU ZdwmGj wewf®² Jla, gv`K, wel BZÅvw`i ZvwjKv, Jla weGkÏlGYi RbÅ cÉG`q wd-i nvi, JlGai ˆgqv` BZÅvw` welq ewYÆZ iGqGQ|

AvBGbi AvIZvq MwVZ Jla msò×v¯¦ ‰KwU DcG`Ó¡v ˆevWÆ (Drugs Technical Advisory Board) ‰B AvBGbi cÉGqvM I cwiPvjbvi KvwiMwi w`Kàwji eÅvcvGi miKviGK civgkÆ w`Gq ^vGK| miKvi I ˆevWÆGK ˆ`keÅvcx mgfvGe ‰B AvBGbi cÉGqvM I cÉkvmGbi eÅvcvGi civgkÆ `vGbi RbÅ Jla civgkÆ`vZv KwgwU (Drugs Consultative Committee) MwVZ nGqGQ| [Ave`yj Mwb]

Jla (wbq¯¨Y) AaÅvG`k, 1982  evsjvG`Gk me aiGbi Jla ŠZwi, Avg`vwb, cwiGekb, wecbb I weò×q wbq¯¨K AaÅvG`k| 1982 mvGj MYcÉRvZ¯¨x evsjvG`k miKvGii cÉavb mvgwiK AvBb cÉkvmK KZ‡ÆK RvwiK‡Z ‰ AaÅvG`kwU 1982 mvGji 8bs AwWÆbÅv´Ö bvGg cwiwPZ| ‰B AaÅvG`Gki weavbmgƒn 1940 mvGji Jla AvBGbi avivàwji AwZwiî× msGhvRb|

‰B AaÅvG`Gki gvaÅGg miKvi 1. ‰KwU Jla wbq¯¨Y cwil` (Drug Control Committee) MVb KGi, hvGZ ‰KRb ˆPqvigÅvb ‰es KGqKRb m`mÅ ^vGKb; ‰es 2. ‰KwU RvZxq Jla DcG`Ó¡v cwil`I (National Drug Advisory Council) MVb KGi, ˆhLvGb ‰KRb ˆPqvigÅvb ‰es KGqKRb m`mÅ ^vGKb|

‰B AaÅvG`k eGj 1. jvBGmw´Ös KZ‡ÆcÞ KZ‡ÆK bw^fzî× bv nIqv chƯ¦ ˆKvb Jla weò×Gqi DGóGkÅ cÉÕ§ZKiY, Avg`vwb, weZiY ev weò×q wbwl«¬; 2. jvBGmw´Ös KZ‡ÆcGÞi cƒeÆ AbyGgv`b eÅZxZ ˆKvb Jla ev JlGai KuvPvgvj ˆ`Gk Avg`vwb wbwl«¬; 3. Jla wbq¯¨Y cwil` KZ‡ÆK AbbyGgvw`Z ˆKvb Jla jvBGmw´Ös KZ‡ÆcÞ bw^fzî× KiGZ cvGi bv; 4. Jla wbq¯¨Y cwil` ˆKvb JlGai wbivcîv I eÅenviGhvMÅZv mÁ¼G®¬ m¯§Ó¡ bv nGj ‰i…c Jla evwZGji mycvwik KiGZ cvGi; 5. miKvi ˆKvb JlGai ò×xZ KuvPvgvGji gƒGjÅi wbwiGL JlGai mGeÆvœP LyPiv gƒjÅ wbaÆviYò×Gg miKvwi ˆMGRU ˆbvwUwdGKkb Rvwi KiGZ cvGi; 6. evsjvG`k dvGgÆwm KvDw´ÖGji ‘‰’ ˆMÉWfzî× ˆKvb ˆiwRwÕ¡ËK‡Z Jla cÉÕ§ZKvixi eÅwî×MZ Zî½veavb eÅZxZ ˆKvb Jla ŠZwi wbwl«¬; 7. evsjvG`k dvGgÆwm KvDw´ÖGji bw^fzî× ˆKvb Jla cÉÕ§ZKvixi eÅwî×MZ Zî½veavb eÅZxZ ˆKvb LyPiv weGò×Zv KZ‡ÆK ˆKvb Jla wewò× wbwl«¬; ‰es 8. miKvwi ˆMGRU ˆbvwUwdGKkGbi gvaÅGg miKvi cÉGqvRGb Jla Av`vjZ MVb KiGZ cviGe|

‰B AaÅvG`Gki AaxGb DcGi DGÍÏwLZ wewamgƒn j›NbKvixG`i wei‚G«¬ wewf®² aiGbi kvwÕ¦ weavGbi (Rwigvbv, Kviv`í, ˆiwRGÕ¡Ëkb cÉZÅvnvi, jvBGm´Ö evwZj BZÅvw`) eÅeÕ©vI iGqGQ|

RvZxq Jla DcG`Ó¡v cwil` miKviGK ˆhme welGq civgkÆ `vb KiGZ cviGe Zvi gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ RvZxq JlabxwZ evÕ¦evqGb KiYxq; Õ©vbxq JlawkG͸i weKvk ‰es ˆ`Gki Pvwn`v wgUvevi gGZv cÉGqvRbxq Jlacò I KuvPvgvGji Avg`vwb; ‰es Jla ŠZwi, Avg`vwb, weZiY I weò×q welGq miKvGii wewf®² g¯¨Yvjq I msÕ©vi gGaÅ mg¯¼q mvaGbi c«¬wZ|  [Ave`yj Mwb]

JlabxwZ  ˆivM ev AfveRwbZ eÅvwa AvGivMÅ, Dckg ev cÉwZGivGai RbÅ evwnÅK ev Afů¦ixYfvGe eÅen…Z JlGai Dcv`vbàwji ˆhŒwî×K eÅenvGii jGÞÅ miKvi KZ‡ÆK M†nxZ I Abym†Z KgÆbxwZ| weGk¼ evsjvG`kB cÉ^g ˆ`k ˆh ‘Avjgv-AvZv’i (Alma-ata) bxwZgvjv cÉeZÆb ‰es 1982 mvGj M†nxZ JlabxwZ MÉnGYi gvaÅGg ˆgŒwjK JlabxwZ evÕ¦evqb KGiwQj| RvZxq JlabxwZi cÉavb DGókÅ wQj: (K) ‰Kk cçvkwU cÉGqvRbxq JlGai ‰KwU ZvwjKv ‰es 100wU weGkl ˆkÉYxi JlGai cwicƒiK ‰KwU ZvwjKv cÉÕ§Z| cÉavb ZvwjKvwU Avevi wZbwU eÅenvwiK Õ¦Gi wefî× wQj; 12wU Jla MÉvgxY KgÆxG`i RbÅ, 45wU Jla cÉv^wgK Õ¼vÕ©ÅcwiPhÆvi RbÅ ‰es ˆgvU 150wU JlaB Z‡Zxq chÆvGqi cwiPhÆvi RbÅ; (L) cqZvwÍÏkwU cÉv^wgK cwiPhvÆi Jla ŠZwi I weò×Gqi RbÅ ˆRGbwiK bvg eÅenvi; (M) 1983 mvGji gGaÅ ‰KwU RvZxq Jlawewa cywÕ¦Kv cÉYqb I cÉKvk; (N) DrcvG`i ˆcGU´Ÿ cwinvi ‰es cÉGmm ˆcGU´Ÿ eÅenvi mxwgZKiY; (O) 1940 mvGji Jla AvBb msGkvab, hvGZ ^vKGe AvqyGeÆw`K, BDbvwb I ˆnvwgIcÅvw^K JlGai RbÅ ‰KwU ˆiwRGÕ¡Ëkb cÉ^v; Dchyî× gvbwbq¯¨Ymn Dîg Drcv`b AbykxjGb evaÅKiY (wR‰gwc); ˆjGej I weævcY wbq¯¨Y; `vg wbq¯¨Y; UwÝK/welvî× I Lvivc AfÅvm MVbKvix JlGai eÅeÕ©vcò wbq¯¨Y; weGkl WÈvM ˆKvUÆ Õ©vcb I Rwigvbv; weG`kx mnGhvMxG`i mGã Pzwî×, jvBGmw´Ös I cÉhywî× nÕ¦v¯¦i wbq¯¨Y; 1985 mvGji gGaÅ ‰KwU RvZxq Jla wbq¯¨Y cixÞvMvi Õ©vcb; eÅ^vbvkK, wfUvwgb, AÅv´ŸvwmGWi gGZv mvaviY Jla cÉÕ§Z ˆ^GK eüRvwZK KGcÆvGikbàwjGK weiZKiY; cÉGZÅK miKvwi nvmcvZvGj wkwÞZ dvgÆvwmÕ¡G`i Zî½veavGb LyPiv ˆiwRÕ¡vWÆ dvGgÆwm cÉwZÓ¤v ‰es mKj ^vbv Õ¼vÕ©Å cÉkvmKGK Jla cwi`kÆK wnGmGe KvR Kivi RbÅ cÉwkÞY `vGbi gvaÅGg Jla cÉkvmb kwî×kvjxKiY|

1982 mvGj 12 Ryb JlabxwZ MÉnGYi cƒGeÆ Pvi nvRvGiiI ˆewk Jla evRvGi wQj, ˆhàwji AwaKvskB wQj AKvhÆKi, ‰gbwK ÞwZKiI| 1940 mvGji Jla AvBb KvuPvgvj ‰es dvgÆvwmDwUKÅvj Drcv`Gbi gƒjÅ wbq¯¨GY AcÉZzj wQj| evRvGi bKj Jla I wbK‡Ó¡ gvGbi Jla Drcv`b, A‹bwZK wecYb ‰es AcÉGqvRbxq I ÞwZKi JlGai msLÅve†w«¬ cÉwZGivGaI AvBbwU eÅ^Æ nGqwQj| ˆ`Gki wek†›LjvcƒYÆ Jla evRvGii AeÕ©v chÆvGjvPbv ‰es ‰KwU RvZxq JlabxwZ cÉYqb mycvwiGki RbÅ miKvi 1982 mvGji 27 ‰wcÉj 8 m`GmÅi ‰KwU weGklæ KwgwU wbhyî× KGi| 

[gybxi Dwób AvnGg`]

ÞwZKi Jla AvBb, 1951 (dangerous drug act, 1951)  evi evi eÅenvGi AfÅvGm cwiYZ nq ‰es AevwèZ, KLbI KLbI wec`RbK cvk¼ÆcÉwZwò×qv m†wÓ¡ KGi ‰gb me Jla ŠZwi, weò×q, eÅemv, cwiGekb I eÅenvi wbq¯¨K AvBb| ˆKvGKb, Avwdg I MuvRv, ‰àwji ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb ‰es Zv ˆ^GK Drc®² mvgMÉx ÞwZKi JlGai AvIZvfzî×| wPwKrmvq ‰àwj gƒjZ ˆe`bvbvkK wnGmGe eÅen…Z nq| wK¯§ ‰me Jla AGbK mgq wKQy wKQy AbvKvw›ÞZ cvk¼ÆcÉwZwò×qv– myGLvœQ¾vm, ˆgRvGRi cwieZÆb, gvbwmK AvœQ®²Zv, k¼vmKvGhÆi kÏ^Zv, iî×Pvc nËvm, egGbœQv I ewg, ˆKvÓ¤e«¬Zv, gƒò nËvm ‰es A¯¦tmËvex MÉw¯© I Õ²vqyZG¯¨i ŠeKjÅ NUvq| AfÅvm m†wÓ¡Kvix I ˆbkvKi weavq ‰mGei Awbqw¯¨Z eÅenvi mvgvwRK w`K ˆ^GK ÞwZKi| eÅwî× PwiGòi Ici ‰me JlyGai ˆbwZevPK cÉfvGei wbwiGL ˆKej wbGfÆRvj wPwKrmv eÅZxZ ‰àwji AbÅvbÅ cÉGqvM mxwgZ nIqvi AvekÅKZv ˆ`Lv ˆ`q|

1930 mvGj fviZxq AvBbmfv ÞwZKi Jla AvBb, 1930 (Dangerous Drugs Act, 1930) MÉnY KGi| 1947 mvGji ci 1951 mvGj cvwKÕ¦vb miKvi cwiewZÆZ cwiwÕ©wZGZ ‰B AvBbwU ÞwZKi Jla AvBb 1951 wnGmGe Dchyî× msGkvabmn MÉnY KGi| ÞwZKi Jla AvBb 1951, ‰Lb ÞwZKi Jla wbq¯¨GYi RbÅ evsjvG`GkI cwiewZÆZ cwiwÕ©wZi mGã mãwZcƒYÆ msGkvabxmn cÉGqvM Kiv nGœQ|

‰B AvBGbi AvIZvq ˆKvKv MvQ, MvuRv I Avwdg-cwci Pvl, msMÉn, gRy`, Avg`vwb, iµ¦vwb ‰es cÉÕ§ZK‡Z Avwdg ‰es AvwdgRvZ `ËeÅ mÁ·ƒYÆ wbwl«¬ Kiv nGqGQ| Avwdg Drcv`bmn ÞwZKi Jla ŠZwi ev ŠZwi `ËeÅmvgMÉx ‰es ÞwZKi Jla Avg`vwb-iµ¦vwb miKvi KZ‡ÆK ˆKej AbyGgvw`Z jvBGm´ÖcÉvµ¦ KZ‡ÆcÞ KiGZ cviGe| wbÁ²ewYÆZ `ËeÅmgƒn ÞwZKi Jla bvGg msævwqZ:

ˆKvKv cvZv Erythroxylon MGYi ˆKvb cÉRvwZi cvZv I KwP Kuywo wKsev ˆmàwji wgkÉY hvGZ 0.10 kZvsGki ˆewk   ˆKvGKb ^vGK|

Avwdg ‰wU Papaver somniferum cÉRvwZi exRGKvl ˆ^GK wbÓ•vwkZ Kl ev àuGov hvGZ ^vGK 0.20 kZvsGki ˆewk giwdb|

MuvRv Cannabis sativa cÉRvwZi Õ¨x Dw«¿G`i cvZv, ˆeuvUv, géwi ev KwPdjàœQ ‰es ‰àwj ˆ^GK cÉÕ§ZK‡Z MuvRv, wmw«¬, fvs, Pim, nvwkk ev ‰àwji mGã wgwkÉZ wbwÓ˜q eÕ§mn cÉÕ§Z cvbxq|

ŠZwi Jla hvGZ ^vGK ˆKvKv RvZ `ËeÅ, ˆflR MuvRv ‰es wewf®² iKGgi AvwdgRvZ mvgMÉx|

ÞwZKi gv`K`ËeÅ wbGq AbbyGgvw`Z KvRKgÆ ˆhgb ‰àwj ŠZwi, weò×q ev gRyZ `íbxq Aciva| ‰GZ cÉ^g AcivGai RbÅ `yB eQi Kviv`í ev Rwgivbv ev DfqB ‰es cieZÆx AcivGai ˆÞGò 4 eQi Kviv`í ev Rwigvbv ev DfqB nGZ cvGi| AcivGai aib AbymvGi kvwÕ¦i aib I gvòv ‰B AvBGbi AvIZvq wbaÆvwiZ wewa ˆgvZvGeK i`e`j nGZ cvGi| ÞwZKi gv`KwelqK hveZxq eÅeÕ©vMÉnGYi KvhÆò×g ‰es wewf®² cÉKvi AvBbfãKvixi wei‚G«¬ MÉnYxq Šea eÅeÕ©vw` AvBGb ewYÆZ AvGQ|  [Ave`yj Mwb]

AviI ˆ`Lyb  Avwdg; MuvRv|

Jla cÉkvmb  ˆ`Gk Jla ŠZwi, Avg`vwb ‰es gvb wbq¯¨GYi eÅvcvGi `vwqZ½ cvjbKvix KZ‡ÆcÞ| evsjvG`Gk ‰B msÕ©vwUi AvbyÓ¤vwbK bvg Jla cÉkvmb Awa`µ¦i| ‰wU Õ¼vÕ©Å I cwievi KjÅvY g¯¨YvjGqi ‰KwU Aã| Awa`µ¦Gii Awdm XvKv gnvbMGii ˆZRMuvI wk͸ ‰jvKvq AewÕ©Z|

Jla cÉkvmb Awa`µ¦i wbeÆvwPZ ‰KwU ZvwjKv ˆ^GK JlGai KuvPvgvj ‰es cÅvGKUe«¬ Jla Avg`vwb Kivi RbÅ wewf®² Jla ˆKvÁ·vwb ‰es Avg`vwbKviKG`i jvBGm´Ö cÉ`vb KGi ^vGK| ‰B Awa`µ¦i Jla cixÞv MGelYvMvi ‰GRw´Ö «¼viv evRviRvZ JlGai àYMZ gvb chÆGeÞY KGi| D®²ZgvGbi cixÞY myweavhyî× ‰B MGelYvMviwU RbÕ¼vÕ©Å BbwÕ¡wUDU, gnvLvjxGZ AewÕ©Z|

ˆ`kxq AvqyGeÆw`K ‰es BDbvwb c«¬wZi Jla ‰B Awa`µ¦Gii cÉkvmwbK AvIZvq cGo| ˆnvwgIcÅvw^K c«¬wZi Jla AekÅ ‰B Awa`µ¦Gii wbq¯¨Yvaxb bq| cÉK‡ZcGÞ ˆ`Gk ˆnvwgIcÅvw^K c«¬wZi Jla wbq¯¨GYi RbÅ ˆKvb msÕ©v ˆbB| KviY ‰B c«¬wZi Jla mÁ·GKÆ weævbmÁÃZ ævGbi AcÉZzjZvi RbÅ cixÞY I chÆGeÞY c«¬wZ ‰LbI wbYÆxZ nq wb, ZGe evsjvG`k I AbÅvbÅ ˆ`Gk ˆhLvGb ˆnvwgIcÅvw^K wPwKrmv c«¬wZ Pvjy AvGQ ˆmme RvqMvq ‰B c«¬wZ myweavRbK ‰K M†nwPwKrmvi ghÆv`v ARÆb KGiGQ| 

[wRqv Dwób AvnGg`]