‰.‰d
AvGZvqvi ˆnvGmb
(1918-1987) A^ÆbxwZwe`, RvZxq AaÅvcK (1987)| 1918 mvGji
21 AvMÕ¡ ˆbvqvLvjx knGi R¯ÃMÉnY KGib, ˆmLvGb Zuvi wcZv ˆWcywU gÅvwRGÕ¡ËU
wnGmGe KgÆiZ wQGjb| wcZv wQGjb eàov knGii ‰KwU mÁÀv¯¦ gymwjg cwievGii
m`mÅ|
AvGZvqvi
ˆnvGmb ˆbvqvLvjx wRjv Õ•zj ‰es XvKv KGjR ˆ^GK gvaÅwgK I DœP gvaÅwgK cixÞvq DîxYÆ nGq 1938 mvGj XvKv wek¼we`Åvjq ˆ^GK A^ÆbxwZ ‰es ivÓ¡ËweævGb cÉ^g ˆkÉYxGZ we.‰ mÁÃvb wWwMÉ
jvf KGib| ‰KB eQi wZwb miKvwi e†wî wbGq hyî×ivRÅ Mgb KGib ‰es
j´£b Õ•zj Ae BGKvbwgKm-‰ fwZÆ nb| ˆmLvGb wZwb 1943 mvj chƯ¦ Av¯¦RÆvwZK
evwYGRÅ A^ÆbxwZGZ we.‰mwm ‰es ‰g.‰mwm wWwMÉ ARÆGbi RbÅ AaÅqb KGib|
1943 ˆ^GK 1948 mvj chƯ¦ wZwb j´£b wek¼we`ÅvjGqi ‰KRb AwZwiî×
cÉfvlK wQGjb| wZwb 1948 mvGj XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGq ˆhvM ˆ`b| A^ÆbxwZ
wefvGM mivmwi ‰KRb wiWvi wnGmGe ˆhvM`vbKvix wkÞKG`i gGaÅ wZwbB
cÉ^g| 1951 mvGj wZwb ingZ Avivi mGã weevne®¬Gb Ave«¬ nb| ingZ
Aviv ˆnvGmb BGWb MvjÆm KGjR ‰i AaÅÞv ‰es XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi ˆivGKqv nGji cÉGfvÕ¡ wQGjb| |
|
‰.‰d
AvGZvqvi ˆnvGmb |
1953
mvGj ‰.‰d.‰ ˆnvGmbGK XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi evwYRÅ wefvGMi cÉGdmi wbhyî×
Kiv nq ‰es wZwb evwYRÅ wefvGMi wefvMxq cÉavb nb| ‰KRb MGelK wnGmGe wZwb
weGkl ˆhvMÅZvi cwiPq ˆ`b| wZwb mvgvwRK A^ÆbxwZ MGelYv ˆK±`Ê cÉwZÓ¤vi
DG`ÅvM MÉnY KGib| Zuvi Zî½veavGb cwiPvwjZ cÉ^g MGelYvKgÆ wQj cvwKÕ¦vGbi
cÉhywî×MZ cwieZÆbmgƒGni gvbweK ‰es mvgvwRK cÉfve mÁ·wKÆZ| ‰wU BDGbGÕ•vi
A^ÆvqGb cwiPvwjZ nq| cieZÆx mgGq AÝGdvWÆ BDwbfvwmÆwU ˆcÉm KZ‡ÆK cÉKvwkZ
MGelYv cÉwZGe`bwU ˆ`Gk I weG`Gk mgv`†Z nq| cÉGdmi ˆnvGmb eyÅGiv Ae BGKvbwgK
wimvPÆ KZ‡ÆK cÉKvwkZ eü MGelYv KGgÆi `jGbZv wQGjb| ‰àwji gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ
nGœQ, ‰gµÏqGg´Ÿ Ae wgWj KÑvm gymwjg DBGgb Bb XvKv (1958); i‚ivj
ˆò×wWU AÅv´£ Avb-‰gµÏqGg´Ÿ Bb cvwKÕ¦vb (1959); gvGKÆwUs Ae RyU
Bb BÕ¡ cvwKÕ¦vb (1962); ‰es ˆmvkÅvj BG´ŸGMÉkb Ae B´£vwÕ¡Ëqvj
IqvKvmÆ Bb Lyjbv (1965)| Z‡Zxq cçevwlÆK cwiK͸bv cÉYqGbi RbÅ cUf„wggƒjK
MGelYv wmwiGRi gGaÅ cÉGdmi ˆnvGmb cvwievwiK mçq (1985) mÁ·wKÆZ MGelYvi
‰KRb DcG`Ó¡v wQGjb| wZwb ˆcbwmjfvwbqv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi cÉGdmi Avi.wW jÅvÁ¼vUÆ
‰es wkKvGMv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi cÉGdmi we.‰d ˆnvmwjUR KZ‡ÆK mÁ·vw`Z `Å
wccj Ae ˆmwfs AÅv´£ IGqj^ Bb mvD`vbÆ ‰wkqv AÅv´£ `Å IGqÕ¡ kxlÆK
BDGbGÕ•vi cÉKvkbvq cvwKÕ¦vGbi Ici AaÅvqwU iPbv KGib|
1956
mvGj wZwb wmGqGUv-i BGKvbwgK Awdmvi cG` wbhyî× nb ‰es 1958 mvGj cƒeÆ
cvwKÕ¦vb miKvGii cwiK͸bv ˆevGWÆ ˆhvM`vb KGib| cieZÆxGZ wZwb cvwKÕ¦vb
miKvGii cwiK͸bv KwgkGbi ‰KRb m`mÅ nb ‰es 1972 mvGj Zuvi PvKwii Aemvb
nIqv chƯ¦ ˆmLvGb KvR KGib|
evsjvG`Gk
wdGi ‰Gm ‰KRb civgkÆK wnGmGe wZwb evsjvG`k miKvGii cwiK͸bv KwgkGb ˆhvM`vb
KGib| 1973 mvGj wZwb biIGqGZ wò×wøqvb gvBGKjmb BbwÕ¡wUDU Ae evGMÆb cwi`kÆb
KGib ‰es 1976 mvGj j´£Gb KgbIGqj^ mwPevjGq ‰KRb cwiPvjK wnGmGe KvR KGib|
wZwb 1976-77 ˆgqvG` weAvBwW‰m-‰i wfwRwUs cÉGdmi wQGjb| 1980 mvGj gvjGqwkqvi
mvivIqvK-‰ ‰d‰I-BD‰bwWwc-i A^ÆvqGb MÉvgxY `vwi`ËÅ welqK MGelYv`Gji
wZwb `jGbZv wQGjb| Zuvi meÆGkl wbGqvM wQj evsjvG`k miKvGii A^Æ, eÅvswKs
‰es FYmÁ·wKÆZ Kwgkb-‰i ˆPqvigÅvb wnGmGe| wZwb eü miKvwi KwgwU ‰es KwgkGb
KvR KGib| wZwb cvwKÕ¦vb A^ÆbxwZ mwgwZi mfvcwZ wQGjb| wZwb BGKvbwgK ‰GcÉBRvj
KwgwUiI ‰KRb m`mÅ wQGjb|
1987
mvGj cÉGdmi ‰.‰d.‰ ˆnvGmbGK RvZxq AaÅvcK wbGqvM Kiv nq| wK¯§ ‰B wbGqvGMi
gvò ‰K mµ¦vn ci Zuvi g†ZzÅ nq| cÉGdmi ˆnvGmb XvKv ˆivUvix KÑve nvmcvZvGj
Zuvi wcZvi bvGg ‰KwU IqvGWÆi RbÅ A^Æ cÉ`vb KGib| Zuvi Õ¨x ingZ Avivi
gGZvB wZwb XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi wkÞv^ÆxG`i RbÅ e†wî ‰es MGelYvGK c†Ó¤GcvlKZv
cÉ`vGbi RbÅ evsjvG`k ‰wkqvwUK ˆmvmvBwU-‰i ZnweGj A^Æ cÉ`vb KGib|
[‰g.
nweeyÍÏvn&]