‰.‰d AvGZvqvi ˆnvGmb (1918-1987)  A^ÆbxwZwe`, RvZxq AaÅvcK (1987)| 1918 mvGji 21 AvMÕ¡ ˆbvqvLvjx knGi R¯ÃMÉnY KGib, ˆmLvGb Zuvi wcZv ˆWcywU gÅvwRGÕ¡ËU wnGmGe KgÆiZ wQGjb| wcZv wQGjb eàov knGii ‰KwU mÁÀv¯¦ gymwjg cwievGii m`mÅ|

AvGZvqvi ˆnvGmb ˆbvqvLvjx wRjv Õ•zj ‰es XvKv KGjR ˆ^GK gvaÅwgK I DœP gvaÅwgK cixÞvq DîxYÆ nGq 1938 mvGj XvKv wek¼we`Åvjq ˆ^GK A^ÆbxwZ ‰es ivÓ¡ËweævGb cÉ^g ˆkÉYxGZ we.‰ mÁÃvb wWwMÉ jvf KGib| ‰KB eQi wZwb miKvwi e†wî wbGq hyî×ivRÅ Mgb KGib ‰es j´£b Õ•zj Ae BGKvbwgKm-‰ fwZÆ nb| ˆmLvGb wZwb 1943 mvj chƯ¦ Av¯¦RÆvwZK evwYGRÅ A^ÆbxwZGZ we.‰mwm ‰es ‰g.‰mwm wWwMÉ ARÆGbi RbÅ AaÅqb KGib| 1943 ˆ^GK 1948 mvj chƯ¦ wZwb j´£b wek¼we`ÅvjGqi ‰KRb AwZwiî× cÉfvlK wQGjb| wZwb 1948 mvGj XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGq ˆhvM ˆ`b| A^ÆbxwZ wefvGM mivmwi ‰KRb wiWvi wnGmGe ˆhvM`vbKvix wkÞKG`i gGaÅ wZwbB cÉ^g| 1951 mvGj wZwb ingZ Avivi mGã weevne®¬Gb Ave«¬ nb| ingZ Aviv ˆnvGmb BGWb MvjÆm KGjR ‰i AaÅÞv ‰es XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi ˆivGKqv nGji cÉGfvÕ¡ wQGjb|

‰.‰d AvGZvqvi ˆnvGmb

1953 mvGj ‰.‰d.‰ ˆnvGmbGK XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi evwYRÅ wefvGMi cÉGdmi wbhyî× Kiv nq ‰es wZwb evwYRÅ wefvGMi wefvMxq cÉavb nb| ‰KRb MGelK wnGmGe wZwb weGkl ˆhvMÅZvi cwiPq ˆ`b| wZwb mvgvwRK A^ÆbxwZ MGelYv ˆK±`Ê cÉwZÓ¤vi DG`ÅvM MÉnY KGib| Zuvi Zî½veavGb cwiPvwjZ cÉ^g MGelYvKgÆ wQj cvwKÕ¦vGbi cÉhywî×MZ cwieZÆbmgƒGni gvbweK ‰es mvgvwRK cÉfve mÁ·wKÆZ| ‰wU BDGbGÕ•vi A^ÆvqGb cwiPvwjZ nq| cieZÆx mgGq AÝGdvWÆ BDwbfvwmÆwU ˆcÉm KZ‡ÆK cÉKvwkZ MGelYv cÉwZGe`bwU ˆ`Gk I weG`Gk mgv`†Z nq| cÉGdmi ˆnvGmb eyÅGiv Ae BGKvbwgK wimvPÆ KZ‡ÆK cÉKvwkZ eü MGelYv KGgÆi `jGbZv wQGjb| ‰àwji gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ nGœQ, ‰gµÏqGg´Ÿ Ae wgWj KÑvm gymwjg DBGgb Bb XvKv (1958); i‚ivj ˆò×wWU AÅv´£ Avb-‰gµÏqGg´Ÿ Bb cvwKÕ¦vb (1959); gvGKÆwUs Ae RyU Bb BÕ¡ cvwKÕ¦vb (1962); ‰es ˆmvkÅvj BG´ŸGMÉkb Ae B´£vwÕ¡Ëqvj IqvKvmÆ Bb Lyjbv (1965)| Z‡Zxq cçevwlÆK cwiK͸bv cÉYqGbi RbÅ cUf„wggƒjK MGelYv wmwiGRi gGaÅ cÉGdmi ˆnvGmb cvwievwiK mçq (1985) mÁ·wKÆZ MGelYvi ‰KRb DcG`Ó¡v wQGjb| wZwb ˆcbwmjfvwbqv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi cÉGdmi Avi.wW jÅvÁ¼vUÆ ‰es wkKvGMv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi cÉGdmi we.‰d ˆnvmwjUR KZ‡ÆK mÁ·vw`Z `Å wccj Ae ˆmwfs AÅv´£ IGqj^ Bb mvD`vbÆ ‰wkqv AÅv´£ `Å IGqÕ¡ kxlÆK BDGbGÕ•vi cÉKvkbvq cvwKÕ¦vGbi Ici AaÅvqwU iPbv KGib|

1956 mvGj wZwb wmGqGUv-i BGKvbwgK Awdmvi cG` wbhyî× nb ‰es 1958 mvGj cƒeÆ cvwKÕ¦vb miKvGii cwiK͸bv ˆevGWÆ ˆhvM`vb KGib| cieZÆxGZ wZwb cvwKÕ¦vb miKvGii cwiK͸bv KwgkGbi ‰KRb m`mÅ nb ‰es 1972 mvGj Zuvi PvKwii Aemvb nIqv chƯ¦ ˆmLvGb KvR KGib|

evsjvG`Gk wdGi ‰Gm ‰KRb civgkÆK wnGmGe wZwb evsjvG`k miKvGii cwiK͸bv KwgkGb ˆhvM`vb KGib| 1973 mvGj wZwb biIGqGZ wò×wøqvb gvBGKjmb BbwÕ¡wUDU Ae evGMÆb cwi`kÆb KGib ‰es 1976 mvGj j´£Gb KgbIGqj^ mwPevjGq ‰KRb cwiPvjK wnGmGe KvR KGib| wZwb 1976-77 ˆgqvG` weAvBwW‰m-‰i wfwRwUs cÉGdmi wQGjb| 1980 mvGj gvjGqwkqvi mvivIqvK-‰ ‰d‰I-BD‰bwWwc-i A^ÆvqGb MÉvgxY `vwi`ËÅ welqK MGelYv`Gji wZwb `jGbZv wQGjb| Zuvi meÆGkl wbGqvM wQj evsjvG`k miKvGii A^Æ, eÅvswKs ‰es FYmÁ·wKÆZ Kwgkb-‰i ˆPqvigÅvb wnGmGe| wZwb eü miKvwi KwgwU ‰es KwgkGb KvR KGib| wZwb cvwKÕ¦vb A^ÆbxwZ mwgwZi mfvcwZ wQGjb| wZwb BGKvbwgK ‰GcÉBRvj KwgwUiI ‰KRb m`mÅ wQGjb|

1987 mvGj cÉGdmi ‰.‰d.‰ ˆnvGmbGK RvZxq AaÅvcK wbGqvM Kiv nq| wK¯§ ‰B wbGqvGMi gvò ‰K mµ¦vn ci Zuvi g†ZzÅ nq| cÉGdmi ˆnvGmb XvKv ˆivUvix KÑve nvmcvZvGj Zuvi wcZvi bvGg ‰KwU IqvGWÆi RbÅ A^Æ cÉ`vb KGib| Zuvi Õ¨x ingZ Avivi gGZvB wZwb XvKv wek¼we`ÅvjGqi wkÞv^ÆxG`i RbÅ e†wî ‰es MGelYvGK c†Ó¤GcvlKZv cÉ`vGbi RbÅ evsjvG`k ‰wkqvwUK ˆmvmvBwU-‰i ZnweGj A^Æ cÉ`vb KGib| 

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