FZz
(Season) eQGii ‰KwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ mgGq f„-c†GÓ¤i ˆKvb ‰KwU
Õ©vGbi Rjevqyi aib| gnvKvGk mƒGhÆi AeÕ©vGbi mvGcGÞ c†w^exi AGÞi AeÕ©vGbi
cwieZÆGbi KviGY ˆKvb ‰KwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ Õ©vGb FZz cwieZÆb msNwUZ nq| bvwZkxGZvú
AÞvskmgƒGn PviwU FZz kbvî× Kiv hvq: em¯¦, MÉxÓÃ, ˆng¯¦ I kxZ| ò×v¯¦xq
AçjmgƒGni iGqGQ `ywU FZz: ÷Ó• I Av`ËÆ| fviZ gnvmvMGii AvGkcvGk AewÕ©Z
ˆgŒmywg ‰jvKvmgƒGn iGqGQ wZbwU FZz: kxZ, MÉxÓÃ I elÆv|
evsjvG`k
loFZzi ˆ`k| ˆgŒmywg evqyi cÉfvGe ‰G`Gk FZzi AvwefÆve NGU ‰es ˆmàwj chÆvqò×Gg
AvewZÆZ nq| FZzàwji Zvcgvòv, e†wÓ¡cvZ I evqycÉevn ‰KwU ˆ^GK AciwUGZ
c†^K| ˆfŒGMvwjK AeÕ©vGbi `i‚Y ‰LvbKvi Rjevqy bvwZkxGZvú| hw`I evsjvG`Gki
Rjevqy cÉavbZ Dcò×v¯¦xq ˆgŒmywg cÉK‡wZi Z^v Dú I Av`ËÆ, Z^vwc cÉPwjZ
evsjv elÆcwéGZ eQiGK QqwU FZzGZ wefî× Kiv nGqGQ, h^v: MÉxÓÃ, elÆv, kir,
ˆng¯¦, kxZ I em¯¦| cÉwZ `yB gvm A¯¦i FZz e`j nq| DGÍÏLÅ ˆh, me mgq wbaÆvwiZ
mgGqi gGaÅB FZzcwieZÆb mxgve«¬ ^vGK bv, KLbI KLbI ˆKvb ˆKvb FZzi ÷i‚
I ˆkl wKsev eÅvwµ¦GZ cwieZÆb NGU| cÉK‡ZcGÞ evsjvG`Gk myÕ·Ó¡ wZbwU FZz
we`Ågvb: gvPÆ gvm ˆ^GK ˆg gvm (dvÍšyb-ŠPò ˆ^GK ŠekvL-ŠRÅÓ¤) chƯ¦ weivRgvb
cÉvK ˆgŒmywg MÉxÓÃKvj, Ryb ˆ^GK AGÙvei gvGmi gaÅfvM (ŠRÅÓ¤-Avlvp ˆ^GK
Avwk¼b-KvwZÆK) chƯ¦ weivRgvb ˆgŒmywg evqym†Ó¡ elÆvKvj ‰es gaÅ-AGÙvei
ˆ^GK ˆdeË‚qvwi gvGmi ˆklfvM (KvwZÆK-AMÉnvqb ˆ^GK gvN-dvÍšyb) chƯ¦ weivRgvb
÷Ó• kxZKvj| evÕ¦weKfvGe, gvPÆ gvmGK em¯¦Kvj ‰es gaÅ-AGÙvei ˆ^GK gaÅ-bGfÁ¼i
chƯ¦ mgqKvjGK ˆng¯¦Kvj wnGmGe AvLÅvwqZ Kiv hvq|
AwaK
Zvcgvòv Avi SoSêv cÉvK ˆgŒmywg MÉxÓÃKvGji AbÅZg ŠewkÓ¡Å| ‰wcÉj ˆ^GK
ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i chƯ¦ Zvcgvòv ‰i…c ^vGK ˆh, ˆKvb ‰KwU gvmGK DúZg gvm eGj Avjv`v
Kiv KwVb nGq cGo| ZGe mvaviYZ ‰wcÉj gvmGKB DúZg gvm eGj MYÅ Kiv nq ‰es
Mo Zvcgvòv ˆ`Gki cƒeÆ I `wÞYfvGM 27°ˆm
ˆ^GK ˆ`Gki cwøg-gaÅfvGM 31°ˆm chƯ¦ ˆcuŒGQ ^vGK| ‰wcÉj
gvGmi cGi AvKvGk ò×gvMZ ˆgN RgGZ ^vKGj Zvcgvòvi mGã Av`ËÆZvi ˆhvM NGU
dGj fÅvcmv Mig coGZ ÷i‚ KGi| ‰ mgq evqycÉevGni w`K wÕ©i ^vGK bv, weGkl
KGi ÷i‚i w`GK ‰gbwU nGq ^vGK| evwlÆK ˆgvU e†wÓ¡cvGZi 10 ˆ^GK 25 fvM
‰mgq msNwUZ nGq ^vGK| e†wÓ¡cvGZi mGã cÉvqkB eRÊSêv msNwUZ nq|
`wÞY
A^ev `wÞY-cwøg ˆgŒmywg evqy, AZÅwaK Av`ËÆZv, cÉPzi e†wÓ¡cvZ ‰es jvMvZvi
KGqKw`b Aweivg elÆY elÆv FZzi AbbÅ ŠewkÓ¡Å| evwlÆK ˆgvU e†wÓ¡cvGZi 70
ˆ^GK 85 fvMB elÆvKvGj msNwUZ nq| ‰ mgGq e†wÓ¡cvGZi KviGY Zvcgvòv KgGZ
^vGK| eGãvcmvMi ˆ^GK AvMZ ò×v¯¦xq wbÁ²Pvc (Depression) «¼viv ‰B e†wÓ¡cvZ msNwUZ
nGq ^vGK|
kxZFZzi
ŠewkÓ¡Å nGœQ wbÁ² Zvcgvòv, cwøg A^ev Dîi-cwøg w`K ˆ^GK AvMZ ŠkZÅcÉevn,
gyî× AvKvk Avi e†wÓ¡nxbZv wKsev hrmvgvbÅ e†wÓ¡cvZ| Rvbyqvwi gvGm Mo
Zvcgvòv ˆ`Gki Dîi-cwøg I Dîi-cƒeÆfvGM 17°ˆm
ˆ^GK DcK„jxq ‰jvKvq 20°-21°ˆm chƯ¦ nGq ^vGK| ˆ`Gki
‰GKevGi Dîi-cwøGg meÆwbÁ² Zvcgvòv ^vGK wWGmÁ¼i gvGmi ˆklw`GK ‰es Rvbyqvwi
gvGmi cÉ^gfvGM, Zvcgvòv 3°
ˆ^GK 4°ˆm-‰
ˆbGg hvq|
MÉxÓÃKvj ŠekvL I ŠRÅÓ¤ (‰wcÉj gvGmi gaÅfvM ˆ^GK Ryb
gvGmi gaÅfvM chƯ¦) ‰B `yBgvm MÉxÓÃKvj| MÉxGÓÃi w`bàGjv Dú I ÷Ó•| ZGe
mvaviYZ gvGPÆi gvSvgvwS ˆ^GKB Mig coGZ ÷i‚ KGi| MÉxGÓÃi `ve`vGn b`xbvjv,
Lvjwejmn RjvkGqi cvwb ÷wKGq hvq| ‰B FZzGZ w`b eo Avi ivZ ˆQvU nq| ‰
mgq cwøgv ˆgŒmywg evqy ˆ`Gki Dci w`Gq eBGZ ÷i‚ KGi| Avevi cwøg I Dîi-cwøg
w`K ˆ^GK kxZj I ÷Ó• evqyI cÉevwnZ nq| gnvmvMi ˆ^GK AvMZ ˆgNZvwoZ evqycÉevGni
mGã kxZj I ÷Ó• evqy gyGLvgywL ciÕ·Gii msÕ·GkÆ ‰Gj Zv cÉej SGoi i…c aviY
KGi| wf®² ŠewkGÓ¡Åi ‰B `ywU evqycyém†Ó¡ SoGK Kvj‹ekvLx bvGg
AvLÅvwqZ Kiv nq hvi a»smvZÄK i…c ‰B f„LGíi AwaevmxG`i KvGQ AwZ cwiwPZ|
MÉxÓÃ
w`GqB ÷i‚ nq evsjv elÆ| MÉxGÓÃi cÉ^g w`b cGnjv ŠekvL evsjv beeGlÆi-‰i
cÉ^g w`b wnGmGe D`hvwcZ nq| ‰B FZzGZ wn±`yiv RvgvBlÓ¤xmn wewf®² agÆxq
AbyÓ¤vb cvjb KGi ^vGK| MÉxÓÃKvj dGji FZz| Avg, Rvg, Rvgi‚j,
KuvVvj, Avbvim, ˆcqviv, wjPz, ZigyR, Avgov cÉf‡wZ myÕ¼v`y dj
‰ FZzGZB RG¯Ã| ˆMvjvc, eKzj, ˆewj, UMi, Rev cÉf‡wZ myMw®¬ dzjI ‰ mgGq
ˆdvGU|
elÆvKvj evsjv eGlÆi w«¼Zxq FZz ‰es ‰i wÕ©wZ Avlvp I
kÉveY (Ryb gvGmi gvSvgvwS ˆ^GK AvMÕ¡ gvGmi gvSvgvwS chƯ¦) ‰B `yB gvm|
cÉK‡ZcGÞ ŠekvGLi ˆkl ˆ^GK KvwZÆGKi cÉ^g fvM (AGÙveGii gvSvgvwS ˆ^GK
bGfÁ¼Gii gvSvgvwS) chƯ¦ elÆvi eÅvwµ¦ ^vGK| kir I ˆng¯¦ FZz `ywU elÆv
FZzi mvgvbÅ cwiewZÆZ ˆPnviv gvò| elÆvKvGj AvenvIqv meÆ`v Dú ^vGK| ‰
mgq ˆ`Gki Dci w`Gq cÉevwnZ `wÞY-cwøg ˆgŒmywg evqy eGãvcmvMi ˆ^GK cÉPzi
cwigvGY RjxqevÓ· enb KGi AvGb hvi cÉfvGe elÆvi AvKvk cÉvqB ˆgNvœQ®²
^vGK ‰es cÉPzi e†wÓ¡cvZ msNwUZ nq| evwlÆK ˆgvU e†wÓ¡cvGZi 80 fvGMiI
AwaK elÆvKvGjB msNwUZ nGq ^vGK| AZÅwaK e†wÓ¡cvGZi `i‚Y AwaKvsk µÏvebf„wgB
elÆvKvGj µÏvweZ nGq cGo| Õ©vbxq DœPZv ˆfG` ebÅvi MfxiZv I Õ©vwqZ½Kvj
ˆ`Gki wewf®² Õ©vGb wewf®² nGq ^vGK| ˆhgb wmGjU, ˆbòGKvbv, wKGkviMé,
ˆMvcvjMé I cvebv ˆRjvi wej, wSj I nvIimgƒn eQGi Qq gvGmiI AwaKKvj aGi
µÏvweZ ^vGK| ˆ`Gki AbÅò weGkl KGi, gaÅfvGM ebÅvi Õ©vwqZ½Kvj 3 ˆ^GK 4
gvm| ‰ mgq MÉvgvçGj hvZvqvGZi RbÅ ˆbŒKv nGq IGV cÉavb gvaÅg|
MÉxGÓÃi
cÉLi DîvGc ÷Ó• I g†ZcÉvq e†ÞjZv, Z‡Y cÉf‡wZ elÆvi kxZj Rjavivq beRxeb
jvf KGi| ZLb cwÍÏ cÉK‡wZi meÆò meyGRi mgvGivn ˆ`Lv hvq| elÆvq Pviw`GK
cvwb Š^ Š^ KGi| b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej I cyKzi-ˆWvev Kvbvq Kvbvq fGi IGV|
weGj weGj ˆnGjçv I KjwgjZvi mgvGivn ˆ`Lv hvq| AviI ˆ`Lv hvq RvZxq dzj
kvcjv-i mgvGivn| elÆvKvGj ˆKqv, K`g, Kvwgbx, RuyB, M®¬ivR cÉf‡wZ
myMw®¬ dzj cÉÕ¹zwUZ nq ‰es ˆcqviv, Avbvim, evZvwe ˆjey cÉf‡wZ dj cÉPzi
cwigvGY cvIqv hvq| ‰ mgq nvGU-evRvGi cÉPzi Bwjk gvQ cvIqv hvq|
elÆvi
÷i‚GZ K‡lKKzj ˆmvbvjx Auvk cvU NGi ZzjGZ eÅÕ¦ nGq cGo ‰es ebÅvgyî×
A^ev ռ͸ µÏvweZ ‰jvKvq avGbi bZzb Pviv ˆivcY KGi| elÆvi evwiaviv ˆjvKvjGqi
AveRÆbv ayGqgyGQ ˆ`q ‰es `ƒwlZ evqy we÷«¬ KGi| elÆvB ‰ ˆ`kGK myRjv-mydjv
I kmÅ-kÅvgjv KGiGQ|
kirKvj elÆvi AemvGb Z‡Zxq FZz kir ‰K AcƒeÆ ˆkvfv aviY
KGi AvwefƃZ nq| fv`Ë I Avwk¼b (AvMÕ¡ gvGmi gaÅfvM ˆ^GK AGÙvei gvGmi
gaÅfvM chƯ¦) wgGj kirKvj| ‰ mgq bxj AvKvGk mv`v ˆgN ˆfGm ˆeovq, ZGe
ZLbI gvwUGZ ^vGK elÆvi mimZv| fv`Ë (ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i) gvGm Zvcgvòv Avevi e†w«¬
cvq, Av`ËÆZvI mGeÆvGœP ˆcuŒGQ| kiGZ ˆfviGejvq NvGmi WMvq wkwki RGg|
kiGZi ˆkGl ˆivG`i ˆZR AvGÕ¦ AvGÕ¦ KgGZ ^vGK| kirKvGj eGb-DceGb wkDwj,
ˆMvjvc, eKzj, gwÍÏKv, Kvwgbx, gvaex cÉf‡wZ my±`i I myMw®¬ dzj ˆdvGU|
weGj-wSGj ˆdvGU kvcjv Avi b`xi avGi Kvkdzj| ‰ mgq Zvj MvGQ Zvj cvGK|
wn±`yG`i `yMÆvcƒRvI ‰ mgq AbywÓ¤Z nq|
ˆng¯¦Kvj evsjv eGlÆi PZz^Æ FZz| evsjv elÆcwéGZ ‰i eÅvwµ¦Kvj
KvwZÆK I AMÉnvqY (gaÅ AGÙvei ˆ^GK gaÅ wWGmÁ¼i) gvm RyGo| gƒjZ ˆng¯¦Kvj
nGœQ kir I kxZKvGji gaÅeZÆx ‰KwU cwieZÆbkxj chÆvq| w`Gbi ˆkGl Zvcgvòvi
eÅvcK cZGbi dGj bGfÁ¼i gvGmi gvSvgvwS mgq ˆ^GKB weGKGj wng coGZ ÷i‚
KGi Avi NvGmi Ici RGg wkwki; KzqvkvI ˆ`Lv hvq cÉvqB| mvaviYfvGe mw`Æ,
Kvwk, R¾i cÉf‡wZ ˆivGMi cÉv`yfÆve ˆ`Lv hvq| ˆng¯¦KvGj gvGV gvGV ^vGK
ˆmvbvwj avb| ‰ mgq Pvlxiv avb ˆKGU NGi ˆZvGj ‰es NGi NGi bev®²
Drme ÷i‚ nq|
kxZKvj loFZzi cçZg ‰es DúZi MÉxGÓÃi wecixGZ eQGii
kxZjZi Ask| evsjv elÆcwé AbymvGi ˆcŒl I gvN (gaÅ wWGmÁ¼i ˆ^GK gaÅ ˆdeË‚qvwi)
‰B `yB gvm kxZKvj nGjI evÕ¦Ge bGfÁ¼i ˆ^GK ˆdeË‚qvwi chƯ¦ kxGZi Vvív
Abyf„Z nq| ‰ mgq mƒhÆ `wÞY ˆMvjvGaÆÆ AeÕ©vb KGi eGj evsjvG`Gk mƒGhÆi
iwkÄ wZhÆKfvGe cwZZ nq ‰es Zvcgvòvi cwigvY ^vGK Kg| Rvbyqvwi gvGm Mo
Zvcgvòv ˆ`Gki Dîi-cwøgvçj I Dîi-cƒeÆvçGj 11°ˆm
ˆ^GK ÷i‚ KGi DcKzjxq AçGj 20°-21°ˆm
chƯ¦ eRvq ^vGK| ˆ`Gki `wÞYvsGki Zzjbvq DîivsGk kxGZi ZxeËZv ˆewk ^vGK|
cÉej ŠkZÅcÉevGn ˆ`Gki DîivçGj AGbK mgq cÉvYnvwbI NGU ^vGK| kxZKvGj fviGZi
Dîi-cwøgvsGk DœPPvc ˆKG±`Êi m†wÓ¡ nq| ‰B DœPPvc ˆK±`Ê ˆ^GK cƒeÆgyLx
kxZj evqyi ‰KwU cÉevn MwZkxj nq ‰es evsjvG`Gki Dîi-cwøg ˆKvY w`Gq ˆ`Gki
Afů¦Gi cÉGek KGi|
kxZKvj
cÉavbZ ÷Ó•| evwlÆK ˆgvU e†wÓ¡cvGZi gvò 4 kZvsk ‰B FZzGZ msNwUZ nGq ^vGK|
Mo e†wÓ¡cvGZi cwigvY cwøg I `wÞGY 2 ˆmwg-‰i Kg ˆ^GK Dîi-cƒGeÆ 4 ˆmwg-‰i
mvgvbÅ wKQy ˆewk nGq ^vGK| f„gaÅmvMixq Açj ˆ^GK AvMZ RjxqevÓ·cƒYÆ evqyi
cÉfvGe kxZKvGj wKQyUv e†wÓ¡cvZ nq| ‰B evqy fviGZi Dîi-cwøgvsk w`Gq evsjvG`Gk
cÉGek KGi ˆgvUvgywUfvGe Mãv AeevwnKv AbymiY KGi cÉevwnZ nq| kxGZi ivwò
nq `xNÆ|
kxZKvj
evsjvG`Gki meGPGq my±`i I Avivg`vqK FZz| ‰ FZzGZ MvGQi cvZv SiGZ ^vGK|
AvgjKx, RjcvB, gv`vi cÉf‡wZ ˆKvb ˆKvb e†Þ còkƒbÅ nGq hvq| ‰ mgq wkwki
cGo| mKvGj Nb Kzqvkvq c^NvU ˆXGK hvq| ‰ mgq ZwiZiKvwii cÉvPzhÆ ˆ`Lv
hvq| Kwc, gyjv, ˆeàb, cvjskvK, gUi÷wU BZÅvw`GZ nvU-evRvi cƒYÆ ^vGK|
ŠK, gvài, wksmn AbÅvbÅ gvQ ‰ mgq cÉPzi cwigvGY cvIqv hvq| kxGZ
Muv`v I mƒhÆgyLx dzj ˆdvGU| KgjvGjey ‰ FZziB dj| eiB kxGZi AvGiKwU
DGÍÏLGhvMÅ dj| kxZKvGj ˆLRyi im cvIqv hvq| ‰B im ˆ^GK ŠZwi nq weLÅvZ
ˆLRyGii ào| NGi NGi fvcv, wPZB, cvwUmvcUv, cywj BZÅvw` wcVv
ŠZwi Kiv nq|
em¯¦Kvj evsjv elÆcwéi meÆGkl FZz| kxGZi ci em¯¦Kvj
evsjvG`Gki cÉK‡wZGZ igYxq ˆkvfv weÕ¦vi KGi Avwef„ÆZ nq| dvÍšyb I ŠPò
gvm (ˆdeË‚qvwii gaÅfvM ˆ^GK ‰wcÉGji gaÅfvM chƯ¦) wbGq em¯¦Kvj nGjI
cÉK‡ZcGÞ ÷aygvò gvPÆ gvGmB FZzwUi mswÞµ¦ AwÕ¦Z½ jÞÅ Kiv hvq| ‰B FZzGZ
evqy bvbv w`K ˆ^GK cÉevwnZ nq, ˆKvb wbw`ÆÓ¡ w`GK wÕ©i ^vGK bv| kxGZi
DîzGi Z^v Dîi-cwøg ˆgŒmywg evqycÉevGni cwieGZÆ MÉxGÓÃi `wÞYv A^ev `wÞY-cwøgv
evqy cÉevwnZ nGZ ÷i‚ Kivi ‰ ò×vw¯¦KvGj evqycÉevGni `yi¯¦cbv ÷i‚ nq|
emG¯¦i AvenvIqv ^vGK gGbvig, AvKvGk wKQy wKQy ˆgN ^vKGjI mvweÆK AvenvIqv
^vGK wbgÆj| K`vwPZ gvGPÆi w«¼ZxqvGaÆ AcivGn× wewœQ®²fvGe eRÊSo
msNwUZ nGq ^vGK|
‰
FZzGZ cÉvK‡wZK ˆmŒ±`hÆ eoB PgrKvi nGq IGV| Zi‚jZvmgƒn bZzb còcyGÓ· myGkvwfZ
nq| iî×eGYÆi wkgyj, cjvk I K‡úP„ov ‰ mgGqB ˆdvGU| AvgËe†ÞmKj be géixGZ
ˆkvwfZ nq| e†GÞi A¯¦ivGj ˆ^GK ˆKvwKj mygayi Kzü Õ¼Gi w`K-w`M¯¦ gyLwiZ
KGi ˆZvGj| ögi gGbi AvbG±` àéb KiGZ KiGZ myMw®¬ cyÓ· I AvgË géixi gay
cvGb gî nq| he, Mg, mwilv BZÅvw` kGmÅ gvVàGjv igYxq ˆkvfv aviY KGi|
‰ FZzGZ wn±`yG`i evm¯¦x cƒRv, ˆ`vjhvòv cÉf‡wZ Drme gnvmgvGivGn AbywÓ¤Z
nq| em¯¦GK ejv nq FZzivR| ‰ mgqwU bvwZkxGZvú, ZvB cig myLKi| gvPÆ gvGm
mviv ˆ`Gk Mo Zvcgvòv 22° ˆ^GK 25° ˆm-‰i gGaÅ DVvbvgv KGi| AvGcwÞK
Av`ËÆZv ^vGK gvò 50 ˆ^GK 70 fvM| ‰ mgq cÉfvGZ I m®¬ÅvGejvq ögY Õ¼vÕ©ÅcÉ`|
ZGe KLbI KLbI KGjiv, em¯¦ cÉf‡wZ gvivñK eÅvwaiI AvwefÆve NGU ‰ FZzGZ|
`wÞGY
mgy`Ë, DîGi wngvjq ceÆZ ‰es wekvj mgf„wgi RbÅ evsjvG`Gk kxZ ev MÉxÓÃ
ˆKvbwUiB AvwaKÅ Abyf„Z nq bv| evsjvG`Gki ‰B bvwZkxGZvú Rjevqy cÉK‡wZi
wKQy eÅwZò×g ŠewiZv Qvov AZů¦ AvivgcÉ`| evsjvG`Gki A^ÆbxwZ, cwienY
I ˆhvMvGhvM eÅeÕ©v, eÅemvevwYRÅ, mvwnZÅ-msÕ•‡wZ Z^v mvgwMÉK Rxebaviv
loFZzi «¼viv eÅvcKfvGe cÉfvweZ| [iwdK
Avng` ‰es mgevi‚ P±`Ê gn¯¦]