Dw«¿`Kzj
(Flora) ˆKvb ˆ`k ev AçGji Dw«¿` mÁ·`| evsjvG`Gk iGqGQ cÉvq 6000 cÉRvwZi
MvQMvQvwj| ‰i gGaÅ cÉvq 300 cÉRvwZ weG`k ˆ^GK Avbv nGqGQ| AvUwU cÉRvwZ
‰Kv¯¦fvGeB evsjvG`Gki Õ©vbxq (endemic)| evsjvG`Gki Dw«¿` cÉRvwZi cÉvq 5,000wU Ave†ZexR
Dw«¿` (mcyÓ·K Dw«¿`) ‰es PviwU Abve†ZexR Dw«¿`| ‰G`Gk ˆh 95wU cÉRvwZ
wec®² eGj weGewPZ Zvi gGaÅ 92wU Ave†ZexR ‰es wZbwU Abve†ZexR Dw«¿`|
ˆKej Õ¼v`ycvwbi cwiGek ˆ^GKB cÉvq 300 cÉRvwZi ŠkevGji bvg wjwce«¬ Kiv
nGqGQ| A͸ ˆjvbv cvwb ‰es mvgyw`ËK AvevGm ‰G`i AviI AGbK cÉRvwZ iGqGQ|
ˆ`Gki QòvK mÁ¼G®¬ Z^Å ‰LbI mÁ·ƒYÆ bq| evsjvG`Gk cÉvq 250 cÉRvwZi eËvGqvdvBU
(bryophyte) iGqGQ ‰es ‰G`Gk cÉvµ¦ cÉvq
250wU ˆUwiGWvdvBU (pteridophyte) cÉRvwZi gGaÅ 230wU dvbÆRvZxq|
MGelYv I mgxÞv cƒeÆ
fviGZ, weGkl KGi wmGjU, my±`ieb I PëMÉvg ˆ^GK chÆvµ¦ msMÉnmn eÅvcK Dw«¿` m®¬vb Pvjvb ˆhvGmd WvjUb
üKvi (Joseph Dalton Hooker, 1817-1911) I Zuvi mnKgÆx Ugvm Ugmb (Thomas
Thomson, 1817-1878)| 1855 mvGj cÉKvwkZ Himalayan
Journal-‰
üKvi avivevwnKfvGe ögYK^v I
ˆmLvbKvi Dw«¿`RMGZi eYÆbv wjGLGQb| 1850 mvGji 1 ˆg KjKvZv ˆ^GK ‰K `xNÆ
ˆbŒhvòvq wZwb cvebv, XvKv I ˆgNbv b`x
ˆcwiGq QvZK I wmGjU ˆcŒuGQb| 1851 mvGji Rvbyhvwi gvGm KjKvZv ˆdivi cG^
wZwb wKQyUv ˆbŒKvq, wKQyUv cvGq ˆnuGU mxZvKzí, PëMÉvg, nvwZqv, my±`ieb
I XvKv AçGj ögY KGib| üKvi fviZ DcgnvG`Gki Dw«¿` f„GMvj PPÆviI AMÉ`ƒZ|
KGqKRb cÉLÅvZ Dw«¿`weG`i mnGhvwMZvq wZwb Zuvi mvZ LGíi iPbv Flora
of British India (1872-1897)
cÉKvk KGib|
Botanical Survey of India-i
cÉ^g cwiPvjK mÅvi RRÆ wKs (1840-1904) ‰Kv¯¦fvGe eGãvcmvMGii cƒeÆvçj
ˆ^GK Dw«¿` msMÉGni RbÅ 1892 mvGj wKQy ˆjvK wbGqvM KGib| wZwb Annals
of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Calcutta bvGg
ˆkÉYxwebÅvm MGelYvi ‰K mwPò gGbvMÉvd cÉKvGkiI DG`Åvî×v|
KjKvZvi ˆcÉwmGWw´Ö KGjGRi MwYGZi
AaÅvcK (1866) PvjÆm eÅvib KÑvKÆ (Charles Baron Clarke, 1812-1909) cieZÆxGZ cƒeÆeGãi
Õ•zj cwi`kÆK wnGmGe KgÆiZ ^vKvKvGj AvovB eQi ˆbŒKvq ‰es cÉvq 7000 Dw«¿G`i
bgybv msMÉn KGib| wZwb ewikvj, cƒeÆ my±`ieb, XvKv, hGkvi I PëMÉvg ˆ^GKI
bgybv msMÉn KGib| 1883 mvGj AvmvGg e`wj nGj wZwb ˆMvUv cÉG`k cvGq ˆnuGU
wecyj msLÅK bgybv msMÉn KGib| KÑvKÆ Commelinaceae, Cyperaceae
I Scrophulariaceae ˆMvGòi AvMvQvi w`GK ˆewk bRi ˆ`b| dGj ‰me Dw«¿G`i
Ici ‰KwU gGbvMÉvd iPbv KiGZ mg^Æ nb|
ievUÆ jGi´Ö ˆnBwbM (Robert
Lawrence Heinig) 1895
mvGj fviGZ ˆcuŒGQ PëMÉvg I my±`ieGb ebKZÆv ^vKvKvGj ebR Dw«¿` mÁ·GKÆ
eÅvcK Z^Å msMÉn KGib ‰es ‰àwj my±`ieGbi ebmsò×v¯¦ KgÆcwiK͸bv I Zuvi
A list of Plants of the Chittagong Collectorate
and Hill Tracts (1925) msKjbfzî× nq| ˆR.‰g ˆKvqvb (JM Cowan) 1926 mvGj The Flora
of Chakaria Sundarbans cÉKvk KGib hLb ˆmwU wQj ‰K mg†«¬ DcK„jxq AiYÅ| AvB.‰BP evwKÆj (IH
Burkil, 1870-1965)
ˆevUvwbKÅvj mvGfÆ Ae Bw´£qv-‰i A^Æ‹bwZK Dw«¿`we` wnGmGe wbR `vwqZ½ cvjGbi
ci ˆWwfW ˆcÉBGbi (David Prain, 1857-1944) mGã MvQ-Avjyi (Dioscorea) ‰kxq cÉRvwZàwji cybtchÆvGjvPbvi
KgÆKvGí kwiK nb| MGelYv wbe®¬wU Annals of the Royal Botanic
garden, Calcutta (1936, 1938) cÉKvwkZ nq| my`Þ
D`Åvbwe` ˆhvGmd cÅvÝUb (Joseph Paxton) evgÆv (eZÆgvb gvqvbgvi) ˆ^GK Amherstia nobilis
MvGQi exR msMÉGni
RbÅ Rb wMembGK (John Gibson) fviGZ cvVvb| KjKvZv ˆcuŒGQ wZwb ˆbŒKvGhvGM gv^vfvãv
I Mãv b`x ˆcwiGq XvKv AvGmb ‰es ˆmLvb
ˆ^GK ˆgNbv I myigv b`x w`Gq QvZK ˆcŒuGQb|
AZtci Lvwmqv cvnvo ˆ^GK ‰K ˆbŒKv ˆevSvB Dw«¿G`i bgybv msMÉn KGib hvGZ wQj gƒjZ AwKÆW |
‰B AçGj cÉ^g w`GKi PvGqi Avev`
eÅemvwqKfvGe MGo IGV wb| bÅv^vwbGqj IqvwjP (Nathaniel Wallich,
1786-1854) KjKvZv D`ÅvGbi AaÅÞ
^vKvKvGj Zuvi ˆbZ‡GZ½ AvGiK Dw«¿`we` DBwjqg wMÉwd^ (William Griffith,
1810-1846)
I g†wîKv weævbx Rb gÅvKGKÑjÅv´£ (John McClelland) mn ‰KwU m®¬vbx`j Kx cwiwÕ©wZGZ eGb Pv
MvQ RG¯Ã Zv ˆ`Lvi RbÅ 1835 mvGj Avmvg gvjf„wg mdi KGib| KÅv´Ÿb ˆ^GK
Pv exGRi cÉ^g Pvjvb AvGm ‰es mvw`qvi KvGQ bvmÆvwii Õ©vb wbeÆvwPZ nq|
cieZÆxKvGj beMwVZ Avmvg ˆKvÁ·vwb Pv evMvbàwji gvwjKvbv cvq ‰es 1840
mvGj PëMÉvGg ‰KwU Pv evMvb cÉwZwÓ¤Z nq| 1855 mvGj eZÆgvb evsjvG`Gki
wmGjU ˆRjvi Pv±`Lvwb cvnvGo eyGbv PvGqi m®¬vb ˆgGj| AekÅ evsjvG`Gki
cÉ^g evwYwRÅK Pv evMvb cÉwZwÓ¤Z nGqwQj 1857 mvGj wmGjU kni ˆ^GK `y’gvBj
`ƒGi gvjwbQovGZ|
AvVvGiv kZGKi ˆkGli w`GK KjKvZvq
eÅemv-evwYGRÅi RbÅ evgÆv ˆ^GK Avbv ˆmàb (Tectona grandis) w`Gq gvj cwienGbi RvnvR ŠZwi
nGZv| BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi ‰K mvgwiK wefvGMi mwPe ievUÆ wKGWi (Robert
Kid) mycvwiGk
KjKvZvi mw®²KGU üMwj b`xi ZxGi KjKvZv D`ÅvGbi ‰KvsGk 1887 mvGj cixÞvgƒjK
ˆmàbPvl ÷i‚ nq| evgÆv ˆ^GK Avbv exR w`Gq Kvµ¦vB I PëMÉvGgi cveÆZÅ ‰jvKvq
ˆmàb MvQ ˆivcY ÷i‚ nGj ebvçGj ‰B cÉ^g weG`kx cÉRvwZi mƒPbv NGU|
Dw«¿`PPÆvq mvRÆb I wgkbvwiG`i
Ae`vb
evsjvG`kmn cƒeÆ-fviZ I jvGMvqv AçGj Dw«¿` mgxÞv ÷i‚
nGqwQj 18 kZGKi ˆklvGaÆ KjKvZvq weËwUk MfbÆi ˆRbvGiGji evmfeb cÉwZÓ¤vi
ci| BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbGZ KgÆiZ Õ•wUk mvRÆb DBwjqg
iÝevMÆ (William Roxburgh, 1751-1851)
wQGjb AMÉYx
Dw«¿` chÆGeÞK| wZwb
Hortus Bengalensis (1814)
iPwqZv, hvi cieZÆx msGkvwaZ msÕ•iY Flora Indica (1832)| ZrKvjxb fviGZi Dw«¿`we`Åvq
Zuvi gƒjÅevb Ae`vGbi myevG` wZwb fviZxq Dw«¿`we`Åvi RbK wnGmGe ÕÃiYxq|
ˆWbgvGKÆi wgkbvwi DBwjqg ˆKix
(William Carey, 1761-1834) KjKvZv AvGmb 18 kZGKi ˆkl bvMv`| evsjvi Dw«¿`we`Åv
I D`Åvbwe`Åv MGelYv ‰es KvMR ŠZwi I gy`ËGYi AMÉ`ƒZ wnGmGe wZwb evsjvi
BwZnvGm wewkÓ¡ Õ©vb `Lj KGi AvGQb| ˆKwi 1832 mvGj iÝevGMÆi 3 LGíi Flora
Indica
mÁ·v`bv KGib| bxjKi wnGmGe gvj`Gn ^vKvKvGj wZwb evsjv wkGLb| ˆKwi fviGZ
AÅvGMÉv-nwUÆKvjPvivj ˆmvmvBwUiI cÉwZÓ¤vZv| Zuvi wklÅ fqU (JO
Voigt) ˆKwii evMvGbi `vwqZ½ ˆbb, ‰KwU nvGeÆwiqvg MGo
ˆZvGjb ‰es cieZÆxKvGj kÉxivgcyi I KjKvZvi evMvbàwji MvQcvjvi
ZvwjKvi msKjb wnGmGe Hortus Subarbanus Calcuttensis cÉKvk KGib| ˆWbgvGKÆi AvGiK
mvRÆb bÅv^vwbGqj IqvwjP (Nathaniel Wallich, 1786-1854) KjKvZv ˆevUvwbK MvGWÆGbi mycvwibGUbGW´Ÿ
^vKvKvGj cƒeÆ-fviZ ˆ^GK wecyj cwigvY Dw«¿` msMÉn KGib ‰es wbGRB ˆmàwj
wjG^vMÉvwdi gvaÅGg ZvwjKvfzî× KGib hv Wallich’s Catalogue bvGg cwiwPZ ‰es AvRI m®¬vbmƒò
wnGmGe AZů¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ| AvGiK Õ•wUk Dw«¿`we` dÌvw´Öm nÅvwgjUb (Francis
Hamilton, 1762-1829)
eZÆgvb ˆdbx ˆRjvi jßxcyi ˆ^GK 6 gvBj DîGi cv^yivnvU ^vKvKvGj my±`ieGbi
MvQcvjv msMÉn KGib| ‰G`Gk Zuvi Dw«¿` Rwic gƒjZ ˆgNbv b`xi cƒeÆvçGj mxwgZ
^vGK ‰es 1798 mvGj PëMÉvg ˆ^GKI Dw«¿` bgybv msMÉn KGib| RwicKvjxb g¯¦GeÅ
Zuvi ˆjLv HwZnvwmK, RvwZZvwî½K I ˆfŒGMvwjK Z^Åvw` cGi Edinburgh
Journal of Science (1825-26) cÉKvk KGi| Zuvi
RwicKvGj ˆiKWÆK‡Z wbe®¬ A Journey from Kutubdia to Comilla, 1799 ‰ AçGji Dw«¿` mÁ·GKÆ
gƒjÅevb Z^Å cÉ`vb KGi| cGi 1807 mvGj ZuvGK cÉGZÅKwU ˆRjvi evwm±`vi msLÅv
I AeÕ©v, Lv`ÅvfÅvm, ˆivMevjvB, wkÞvi Õ¦i QvovI f„msÕ©vb, Rjevqy,
AvenZî½, BwZnvm I cyivZGî½i weeiY cÉÕ§GZi `vwqZ½ ˆ`Iqv nGqwQj|
‰B weivU KvR ÷i‚ nGqwQj ZrKvjxb iscyGii Dîi-cƒeÆ ‰jvKv w`bvRcyGi 1807
mvGj|
1819 mvGj BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi
wPwKrmv wefvGM ˆhvM`vbKvix AvGiK weËwUk mvRÆb ievUÆ DBU (Robert
Wight, 1798-1872)
mGLi eGk MvQcvjvi
cÉwZ AvK‡Ó¡ nb| wZwb wjG^vMÉvwd ˆkGLb ‰es 1853 mvGj 6 LGí cÉKvwkZ Zuvi
Icones Plantarum Indiae Orientalis (cƒeÆ-fviGZi MvQcvjvi wPò) Mɯ©gvjvq Zv eÅenvi KGib|
wnD ˆKÑMnbÆ (Hugh Cleghorn)
wmwfj mvRÆb wnGmGe fviGZ ‰Gm ‰G`Gki Dw«¿`-evÕ¦eÅwe`Åvi cw^K‡r nb| wZwb
àÍÂRvZxq MvQcvjvi evÕ¦eÅwe`Åv ‰es wewf®² cwiwÕ©wZGZ ‰àwji eÅenvi wbGq
KvR KGiGQb I cieZÆxKvGj evjy-evaK Dw«¿` mÁ·GKÆ
wbe®¬I wjGLGQb|
DBwjqg wMÉwd^ (William
Griffith, 1810-1845),
ˆbŒKvGhvGM KjKvZv ˆ^GK msMÉnvwfhvb ÷i‚ KGi cvebvq ˆcuŒGQb 9 ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i,
1835, AZtci b`x I wej ˆcwiGq wmivRMGé ‰es ˆmLvb ˆ^GK Rvgvjcyi nGq eËþcyGòi
fvwUGZ gqgbwmsn ˆcuŒGQb| Zvici nweMé ˆ^GK myigv b`x DwRGq QvZK ‰es ˆmLvb
ˆ^GK ˆPivcywé| ˆbŒögGYi mgq nvIi-evIGoi RjR I Rjvf„wgi Dw«¿`KzGji ZvwjKv
cÉÕ§Z KGib| ‰ ögGYi cÉavb DGókÅ wQj AvmvGg Pv Pvl Kiv hvq wKbv Zv ˆ`Lv|
wZwb 1938 mvGj dwi`cyi, XvKv, bvivqYMé I jßxcyi chƯ¦ ˆbŒhvòvi eYÆbv
wjGLGQb| `yGhÆvMcƒYÆ AvenvIqv AMÉvnÅ KGi wMÉwd^ AvmvGgi DGóGkÅ myigv
b`x ˆeGq ˆZwiqvNvU ˆcuŒGQb| Dw«¿`we` wnGmGe mvGo evGiv eQGii msÞwµ¦
KgÆRxeGbi mgy`q kwî× wZwb m®¬vb, msMÉn, mgxÞv I wPòvâGb eÅq KGiGQb|
ˆWwfW ˆcÉBb (David Prain,
1857-1944)
1883 mvGj ‰evwWÆb I ‰wWbeiv ˆ^GK wPwKrmvwe`Åvq wWwMÉ jvGfi ci ˆgNbvi
cƒeÆZxGii jßxcyGi BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi KvivLvbvq KgÆiZ nb| wZwb KjKvZv ˆevUvwbK MvGWÆb I ˆevUvwbKÅvj mvGfÆ Ae Bw´£qviI mycvwibGUbGW´Ÿ wQGjb|
Zuvi iPbv Bengal plants
(1903) I Flora of Sundarbans (1930) AvRI hG^Ó¡ mgv`†Z|
[ˆgvt mvjvi Lvb]
AviI ˆ`Lyb iÝevMÆ, DBwjqg; KjKvZv ˆevUvwbK MvGWÆb|
Dw«¿`‹ewPòÅ üKvGii gGZ (1854) ZrKvjxb evsjv cÉG`Gk wQj gvò `ywU Dw«¿`-ˆfŒGMvwjK
wefvM 1. MvGãq mgZj I 2. my±`ieGbi DcK„jxq AiYÅ| weGklæG`i wnmve
Abyhvqx evsjvG`Gki mcyÓ·K Dw«¿` cÉRvwZi msLÅv cÉvq 5000| AeÅvnZ bZzb
MvQcvjv cÉeZÆbmn ‰GZ Õ©vbxq I weG`kx Dfq cÉRvwZB A¯¦fÆyî×|
mgf„wgi Dw«¿`‹ewPòÅ eÅvcK PvlvevG`i AbyK„j evsjvG`Gki mgf„wg DeÆi cwjgvwUi RbÅ weLÅvZ|
cÉvw¯¦K f„wg (Pi, AvBj, cG^i cvGk) I cwZZ RwgGZ ˆ`kx-weG`kx AGXj AvMvQv
RG¯Ã| ˆNuUz/fvU (Clerodendrum viscosum), NvNiv (Xanthium strumarium), AvmGkIov/`uvZg`Æb
(Glycosmis pentaphylla),
nvwZkuyo (Heliotropium indicum), mvbwP (Alternanthera sessiles),
fzuBIKov (Lippia
nudiflora), cvwbgwiP
(Croton bonplandianum), ZvivjZv (Mikania cordata) BZÅvw` AvMvQv cÉvq meÆò ˆPvGL
cGo| bvbv aiGbi Rjvkq I Rjvf„wgGZ AGbK cÉKvi RjR Dw«¿` ˆhgb,
ˆNPz (Potomageton), Þzw`cvbv (Lemna), ˆUvcvcvbv (Pistia), SuvwS (Hydrilla),
cvZv SuvwS
(Vallisnaria) ‰es wewf®² cZãfzK Dw«¿`, ˆhgb
ˆQvU SuvwS (Utricularia) BZÅvw` R¯ÃvGZ ˆ`Lv hvq| Salvinia I Azolla-i gGZv fvmgvb dvbÆ ˆWvev, Lvj,
cyKzi BZÅvw` fGi ivGL| cÉvq mvivG`GkB KPzwicvbvi (Eichornia
crassipes) cÉvPzhÆ
jÞYxq| ˆ`Gki wbÁ²vçj ˆMvUv ˆgŒmywg FZzGZ kvcjv (Nymphaea
pubescens),
kvjyK (N. stellata) I
cG«Â (Nelumbo nucifera)
Aci…c nGq IGV|
bj (Erianthes rivenae),
LvMov (Phragmites
karka), eo-bj
(Arundo domax),
Kvk (Saccharum spontaneum) BZÅvw`
eo AvKvGii Z‡YRvZxq Dw«¿G` nvIi-euvIo I b`xZxi ˆQGq ^vGK| AGbK mgGq
‰àwji gGaÅ RG¯Ã ˆnvMjv (Typha angustata), Djy (Imperata cylindrica) I ˆebv RvZxq Z‡GYi (Cyperaceae)
bvbv cÉRvwZ|
ebf„wgi Dw«¿`ŠewPòÅ ˆ`Gki meÆò wewÞµ¦ MÉvgxY AvevmÕ©j wNGi ^vKv MvQMvQov wbGq MGo IGV
emZevwoi eb (homestead forests)| ‰àwjGZ iGqGQ Kjv (Musa species) I euvkSvo (Bambusa
species); mGã
wKQy djMvQ (Avg, KuvVvj, ˆej, mycvwi, bvwiGKj, Zvj, BZÅvw`), R¾vjvwbi
RbÅ MvQ (ei‚b, KoB) ‰es wewf®² `vi‚e†Þ (ˆ`e`vi‚, QvwZg BZÅvw`)|
evsjvG`Gki DcK„j cÉvqk my±`ieb
bvGg cwiwPZ, ivqgãj I AbÅvbÅ kvLvb`xi ˆgvnbvq ˆ`Gki `wÞY-cwøg AsGk AewÕ©Z|
ˆmLvbKvi my±`wi (Heritiera fomes) I ˆMIqv (Excocearia agallocha)
cÉRvwZi mGã wf®² gvòvq wgGk
AvGQ KvKiv (Bruguiera gymnorhiza), evBb (Avicennia species), cmyi (Carapa species) I ˆKIov (Sonnerata
species)|
AGcÞvK‡Z Kg jeYvî× b`xZxi I LvjcvGoi ˆLvjv RvqMvq eGbi jÞYxq ŠewkÓ¡Å
ˆmLvbKvi `ywU `je«¬ cvg-cÉRvwZ ˆMvjcvZv (Nypa fruticans)
I ˆn¯¦vj (Phoenix
paludosa)|
Kv`v-Pi I LvjcvGo RG¯Ã KuvUvfiv nviMRv (Alanthus ilicifolius)
‰es Svo-euvav ˆfvjv (Hibiscus
tiliaceous)|
‰B eGb bvbv cÉRvwZi Nvm, AwKÆW I dvbÆ hG^Ó¡ cwigvGY ^vKGjI euvGki AbycwÕ©wZ
gÅvbGMÉvf evÕ§ZG¯¨i ‰KwU jÞYxq ŠewkÓ¡Å|
wmGjGUi cÉvK‡wZK eGb wUÇ-dvGbÆi
(Cyathaea species) DcwÕ©wZ weGklfvGe jÞYxq| ‰B AçGji nvIGii Dw«¿`Kzj wgVvcvwbi
ev`v-eGbi ŠewkÓ¡Åai, ZvGZ AvGQ wnRj (Barringtonia acutangula),
Kiév (Poungamia
glabra) ‰es
AmsLÅ Wze¯¦ I fvmgvb RjR Dw«¿`|
mgZj ebf„wgi DGÍÏLGhvMÅ D`vniY
XvKv-UvãvBj-gqgbwmsGni kvjeb| ‰B eGbi wmsnfvM kvGji (Shorea
robusta) mGã
AvGQ eGnov (Terminalia belerica), nixZKx (T. chebula), PvjZv (Dillenia pentagyna),
KoB (Albizia
spp), ˆmvbvjy
(Cassia fistula), KziwP
(Holarrhena antidysenterica), ‰es
KzwÁ¿ (Careya arborea)| e†ÞZGji MvQcvjv ‰K`v chÆvµ¦ I wewf®² RvGZi wQj, ˆhgb Av`v RvZxq
(cÉavbZ Curcuma aromatica), f„wgR AwKÆW, cvg (Phoenix acaulis), KGqK aiGbi Z‡Y I AvMvQv
cÉRvwZ| jZvàwj LyeB jÁ¼v, cÉavbZ ˆMvqvwjjZv (Butea parviflora),
ˆeüi (Bauhinia
vahlii), KzgvwiKv (smilax macrophylla), PvcoAvjy, (Dioscorea species) ‰es Vitaceae ˆMvGòi wKQy cÉRvwZ| ò×gvMZ
gvbyGli nÕ¦GÞc (cÉavbZ MvQKvUv, SivcvZv KzovGbv I AZÅwaK msMÉn) ‰B eGbi
Dw«¿`‹ewPGòÅi gƒj wec`|
PëMÉvg I cveÆZÅ PëMÉvGgi ebàwj
bvbvfvGe wPimeyR I ARmË còGgvPx cÉRvwZmn AaÆcòGgvPx eb wnGmGe wPwn×Z|
A‹ea MvQKvUv, RygPvl I AbÅvbÅ Avw`evmx KvhÆKjvGci RbÅ cÉK‡wZ, cÉRvwZ
cÉvPzhÆ I ŠewPGòÅi RbÅ ‰K`v cÉwm«¬ ‰B ebàwj ‰Lb wecäbK nvGi msKzwPZ
nGœQ| eGbi DcwifvGM (top storey)
AvGQ MRÆb (Dipterocarpus species),
ˆZjmyi (Hopea
odorata),
Pvcvwjk (Artocarpus chaplasha), Pz±`yj (Tetrameles nudiflora)
I wewf®²
cÉRvwZi KoB (Albizia)|
wbGPi Zjvi (lower storey)
cÉRvwZi gGaÅ Rvi‚j (Lagerstroemia speciosa), Zzb (Toona ciliata),
Rvg (Syzygium
species),
RjcvB (Elaeocarpus floribundas) I glochidion
DGÍÏLÅ| KvÓ¤jZv
(lianas), civkÉqx
(gƒjZ AwKÆW, dvbÆ I mcwòK gm) Dw«¿` I e†ÞZGji AvMvQv AGXj| eo eo euvkeGbi
RbÅ Kvmvjs eGb cÉavbZ gƒwj (Meloccana baccifera),
wgiwZsMv (Bambusa tulda) I Aiveuvk/jvwVeuvk (Dendrocalamus
longispathus) iGqGQ|
Z‡Yf„wgi Av`j ˆPvGL cGo b`xZxGi I b`xi wKbvGii ˆLvjv RvqMvq| ‰me RvqMvq
AvGQ LvM (Saccharum spontaneum), Djy (Imperata cylindrica) I ˆebv (Vetiveria
zizanoides)|
mvgyw`ËK Dw«¿`‹ewPòÅ eGãvcmvMGii Škevj, weGklZ ˆgvnbv I ˆm´Ÿ gvwUÆb «¼xGc hG^Ó¡
mg†«¬ I ŠewPòÅgq, wK¯§ AwZgvòvq msMÉn I h`†œQv AvniGYi dGj ‰B mÁ·`I
AvR wejxqgvb|
K‡wldmGji ŠewPòÅ evsjvG`k K‡wlcÉavb ˆ`k ‰es c†w^exi meÆvwaK ài‚Z½cƒYÆ KGqKwU dmGji
RvgƵÏvRg mÁ·G` mg†«¬| ‰àwji gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ avb, cvU, AvL, Pv, ZvgvK,
Avjy, WuvUvkvK, Kjv, ˆeàb, gwiP, Zzjv, wkg, ˆjey, wjPz, KPz, MvQAvjy,
ˆeZ, euvk BZÅvw`| dmGji AvaywbK RvZ MÉnGYi dGj (I ‰KK PvGli RbÅ) KZUv
eskvYyMZ AeÞq I PvGli Rwgi gvGbi AebwZ NGUGQ ˆmB wnmve AvRI h^vh^fvGe
wbYÆq Kiv nq wb| meàwj dmj cÉRvwZi RbÅ cÉGqvRbxq AÅvGMÉvBGKvUvBc
(agroecotype) I ZvG`i AwfGhvRÅZv, f„wgR
RvwZmgƒn I ZvG`i ŠewkÓ¡Åàwj ‘eskvYy-ZÍÏvGki’ (gene hunting) gvaÅGg AvRI gƒjÅvwqZ nq wb,
hv ‰me dmGji RbÅ AvekÅK| Rvbv hvq ˆh avGbi cÉvq 10,000 wewf®² RvZ ev
Cultivar iGqGQ|
cÞv¯¦Gi, Rxb Dcv`vb weGklZ evsjvG`Gk we`Ågvb dmj-cÉRvwZàwji ebÅ ævwZG`i
mwVK cwiPq ‰LbI AævZ| eskvYyMZ cÉKviGf` ˆh K‡wl Drcv`b evovGZ
cvGi Zv AbÕ¼xKvhÆ ‰es eZÆgvb Rxe cÉGKŒkjMZ bZzb cÉhywî×àwj weGk¼i A^Æ‹bwZK
D®²wZGZ Dóxcbv ˆhvMvGœQ| we`Ågvb Rxe‹ewPGòÅi hywî×mãZ eÅenvi I eÅeÕ©vcbvB
ˆKej wÕ©wZkxj A^Æ‹bwZK cÉe†w«¬ I ˆUKmB D®²qb wbwøZ KiGZ cvGi|
[‰.we.‰g ‰bvGqZ ˆnvGmb]
A^ÆKix Dw«¿` eÅemv-evwYRÅ I wkG͸ eÅen…Z Dw«¿` ev Dw«¿`RvZ `ËeÅ| mviv c†w^exGZ
ài‚Z½cƒYÆ A^ÆKix Dw«¿` cÉRvwZ AvGQ cÉvq 5000| evsjvG`GkI chÆvµ¦ A^ÆKix
Dw«¿` iGqGQ| ‰G`Gki ˆgvU mcyÓ·K Dw«¿` cÉRvwZi gGaÅ 320wU A^Æ‹bwZKfvGe
ài‚Z½cƒYÆ| ‰àwji gGaÅ 150wU dmj cÉRvwZB gyLÅ, evwKàwji wecYb wbw`ÆÓ¡
‰jvKv ev Õ©vbxq ˆjvKG`i gGaÅ mxwgZ| A^ÆKix Dw«¿G`i gGaÅ avb, Mg I ˆRvqvGii
gGZv `vbvkGmÅi Pvl eÅvcK| avGbi ci meÆvwaK ài‚Z½cƒYÆ A^ÆKix Dw«¿` cvU,
Pv ‰es AvL| cvU I Pv cÉavb A^ÆKix dmj| AbÅvbÅ A^ÆKix Dw«¿G`i gGaÅ AvGQ
ˆZjexR, Avjy, wgwÓ¡Avjy, ZvgvK, Zzjv I KGqK RvGZi Wvj| dj wnGmGeI AGbKàwj
cÉRvwZi Pvl nq| KuvVvj I Avg ‰G`Gk chÆvµ¦ R¯Ãvq| AbÅvbÅ mvaviY I A^ÆKix
dj KvGjvRvg, ˆcqviv, Avbvim,
wjPz, Kjv, bvwiGKj, Kzj, ˆcuGc, Avgov, bvbv RvGZi ˆjey, ZigyR, kmv,
AvZv I kwidv, ˆej I Wvwjg| wZwm, mwilv, wZj, Pxbvev`vg, Kzmyg ‰àwjB
cÉavb ˆZjcÉ`vqx dmj| kvKmewRi gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ jvD Kzgov, ˆeàb, UGgGUv,
ˆXuok, ˆcuGc, wkg, cvjs, gyjv, euvavKwc, dzjKwc, WuvUv I jZvjy| gƒjÅevb
KvV cÉ`vqx e†GÞi gGaÅ ˆmàb, MRÆb, kvj, Mvgvwi, my±`wi, KoB, ˆiBbwUÇ,
wmwfU, Rvi‚j, wk÷ I ˆZjmyi DGÍÏLGhvMÅ| PeÅÆ wnGmGe eÅen…Z mycvwiI ài‚Z½cƒYÆ|
Av`v, njy`, wcuqvR, imyb, aGb, KvGjvwRiv, gwiP, ˆMvjgwiP, ˆgw^, ˆ`kx
`viwPwb BZÅvw` gmjvI A^ÆKix| euvk I ˆeGZi AGbKàwj cÉRvwZ wbZÅw`Gbi bvbv
cYÅ ŠZwiGZ eÅenvhÆ| KvMR I gí cÉÕ§GZi cÉavb KuvPvgvj KGqK cÉRvwZi euvk,
ˆMIqv I KoB MvQ| LGqi MvQ ˆ^GK iéK cvIqv hvq| Wvwjqv, ˆMvjvc,
nvmbvGnbv, gvjwZ, RyuB, M®¬ivR, Muv`v, Rev, wRwbqv BZÅvw` evMvGbi DGÍÏLGhvMÅ
dzj| cÉavb ˆflR Dw«¿G`i gGaÅ AvGQ mcÆM®¬v, nixZKx, KzgvwiKv, N†ZKzgvwi,
hwÓ¡gay, KziwP, bÝf„wgKv, KvjGgN, wbg, welKuvUvwj I evmK| wgwÓ¡ iGmi
RbÅ Zvj I ˆLRyi cÉwm«¬| AcyÓ·K Dw«¿G`iI A^Æ‹bwZK ài‚Z½ AvGQ, ˆhgb gvki‚g
I mvgyw`ËK Škevj Hypnea| dvbÆ RvZxq Dw«¿G`i wKQy cÉRvwZ
mewR I evnvwi MvQ wnGmGe Av`†Z ˆhgb Selaginella, Nephrolepis,
Adeantum
I Asplenium| mÁcÉwZ evsjvG`Gk wKQy weG`kx
A^ÆKix Dw«¿G`i Pvl PjGQ ˆhgb fzëv, mqvweb, ˆgnMwb, AÅvKvwmqv,
mƒhÆgyLx, AvOzi I ivevi| [ˆgvÕ¦dv
Kvgvj cvkv]
ˆflR Dw«¿` ˆflR àYmÁ·®² ‰es c÷ I gvbyGli ˆivMwbeviK Dw«¿`| ‰B
DcgnvG`Gki ˆjvKwPwKrmvi mswnZvq (Materia Medica) ˆflR Dw«¿G`i msLÅv eZÆgvGb
cÉvq 2000 eGj DGÍÏL AvGQ| ‰àwji gGaÅ evsjvG`Gk RG¯Ã ‰gb 450-500 cÉRvwZi
Dw«¿` chƯ¦ kbvî× Kiv ˆMGQ|
|
|
DjUKÁ¼j |
bqbZviv |
|
|
ˆgw^ |
KziwP |
mviwY 1
evsjvG`Gki mPivPi eÅen…Z KwZcq ˆflR Dw«¿`
| Õ©vbxq bvg |
ŠeævwbK bvg |
eÅenvi |
| DjUKÁ¼j |
Abroma augusta |
iGRvóxcK; FZze«¬Zv I iRtKGÓ¡
eÅenvhÆ| |
| gyî×vSzwi |
Acalypha indica |
ˆkÏÓÃvGiPK, igbKviK, gƒòeaÆK;
eËâvBwUm I nuvcvwbGZ eÅenvhÆ| |
| AvcvO |
Achyranthes aspera |
weGiPK, gƒòeaÆK, cÉmeZ½iK, iGî×i kKÆiv e†w«¬
cÉkgK, wKWwbi ŠeKjÅRwbZ ˆkv^, AkÆ, ˆduvov I AbÅvbÅ Z½K-GÕ¹vGU
eÅenvhÆ| |
| evmK |
Adhatoda zeylanica |
ˆkÏÓÃvGiPK, ˆKÑvgbvjx-cÉmviK;
Kvwk, nuvcvwb, eËâvBwUm, wbDGgvwbqv, hßv I k¼vmGivGM eÅenvhÆ| |
| ˆej |
Aegle marmelos |
nRwgKviK, ÞzaveaÆK, g†`y-Gf`K, ˆKvÓ¤KvwVbÅ I AvgvkGq eÅenvhÆ| |
| imyb |
Allium sativum |
evqyGiPK, gƒòeaÆK, DœP iî×Pvc cÉkgK; Aw™²gv±`Å, iî×PvcvwaKÅ I eügƒGò
eÅenvhÆ| |
| QvwZg |
Alstonia scholaris |
R¾iN³, ˆKvÓ¤eaÆK, K‡wgbvkK,
iî× PvcGivaK, cvjvò×wgK ˆivM, R¾i, DœPiî×Pvc, D`ivgq I AvgvkGq
eÅenvhÆ| |
| KvjGgN |
Andrographis paniculata |
R¾ibvkK,
ÞzaveaÆK, K‡wgbvkK, wcîwbtmvix; hK‡GZi ˆivM,
kƒj, R¾i, D`ivgq I Aw™²gvG±`Å eÅenvhÆ| |
| kZgƒjx |
Asparagus racemosus |
wkKo KvGgvóxcK, gƒòeaÆK,
Õ¦bÅÞiY eaÆK; eügƒGò eÅenvhÆ| |
| wbg |
Azadirachta indica |
RxevYybvkK; R¾i, cvwbem¯¦, ˆduvov, Avjmvi, ‰KwRgv I PgÆGivGM eÅenvhÆ| |
| eËvþxkvK |
Bacopa monniera |
iî×GkvaK, gwÕ¦Ó•-Õ²vqy-nv`ÆÅ
UwbK, gƒòeaÆK ‰es g†MxGivGM eÅenvhÆ| |
| bqbZviv |
Catharanthus
roseus |
eÐvWKÅvbmvi, nRwKGbi ˆivM (Hodgkin’s
Disease) I eügƒGò eÅenvhÆ| |
| ^vbKzwb |
Centella asiatica |
cvZvi im ˆPvGLi Qvwb I AbÅvbÅ PÞzGivGM ‰es ˆMvUvMvQ
Avgvkq, evnÅ I Afů¦ixY Avjmvi I wLuPzwbGZ eÅenvhÆ| |
| evewP |
Cullen corylifolia |
exGRi wbhÆvm ˆk¼Zx, KzÓ¤ I cÉ`vnx PgÆGivGM eÅenvhÆ| |
| KvGjv ayZiv |
Datura metel |
gv`K, ˆe`bvni, cÉwZmsGKvPK; cvZv nuvcvwb, kƒj, KwUevZ, h¯¨Yv`vqK wUDgvi I MÉw¯©cÉ`vGn eÅenvhÆ| |
| Avqvcvb |
Eupatorium
triplinerve |
iî×GivaK I RxeYybvkK; Avjmvi I iî×cvGZ DcKvix;
n…r-DGîRK, egbKviK, NgÆ wbtmviK
I ˆRvjvc wnGmGe eÅenvhÆ| |
| Ab¯¦gƒj |
Hemidesmus indicus |
NgÆ wbtmviK, gƒòeaÆK I iî×GkvaK; J`vwiK wUDgvGi
eÅenvhÆ| |
| KziwP |
Holarrhena antidysenterica |
AvgvkqGivax, ˆKvÓ¤eaÆK, ÞzaveaÆK, K‡wgbvkK;
dj iGî× wPwbi gvòv Kgvq| |
| PvjgyMiv |
Hydnocarpus kurzii |
exR‹Zj KzÓ¤ I AbÅvbÅ PgÆGivGM
eÅenvhÆ| |
| ˆgGnw` |
Lawsonia inermis |
cvZv I QvGji evUv ˆcvov I
evÓ·`vGn, LykwK I bvbv PgÆGivGM eÅenvhÆ; Rw´£Gm DcKvix| |
| mcÆM®¬v |
Raulwolfia
serpentina |
wkKo DœPiî×Pvc, Awb`Ëv, DG«¼M, DGîRbv I D¯ÃîZv
wbivgGq eÅenvhÆ| |
| AGkvK |
Saraca asoca |
Kov ˆKvÓ¤eaÆK I Rivqy cÉkvw¯¦Ki; iRtmËve, AkÆ
I Avjmvi wPwKrmvq eÅenvhÆ| |
| ARyÆb |
Terminalia arjuna |
Qvj iî×Pvc Kgvq, n…r-UwbK, ˆKvÓ¤eaÆK, wjfvi wmGivwmGm UwbGKi KvR
KGi| |
| ˆgw^ |
Trigonella foenum-graecum |
gƒòeaÆK, evqyGiPK, wÕ²™¬KviK
I UwbK; iRtmËvGei ˆMvjgvj, eügƒò, DœPiî×Pvc I ˆhŒbmgmÅv
wbivgGq eÅenvhÆ| |
| Ak¼M®¬v |
Withania somniferum |
wkKo gv^veÅ^v, wLuPzwb,
Awb`Ëv, wnØv, Kvwk I ˆkvG^ eÅenvhÆ| |
| Av`v |
Zingiber officinale |
Av`vK±` (rhizome) evqyGiPK, ÞzaveaÆK, nRwgKviK; Aw™²gv±`Å, egb,
Õ¼ifã, Kvwk,Mj`vn I R¾Gi eÅenvhÆ| |
[Ave`yj Mwb]
ˆjvKR ˆflR ævb (Indigenous knowledge
and herbal medicine)
evsjvG`Gki mvaviY gvbyGli cÉv^wgK wPwKrmvq mbvZb Õ¼vÕ©ÅGmevi f„wgKv
AZů¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ| mKj cÉKvi ævb I wePÞYZvi gGZv ˆjvKcÉævI gvbyGli mij
÷«¬v÷«¬ c«¬wZi cÉGqvM ˆ^GK RG¯Ã| mbvZb c«¬wZmgƒGni gGaÅ ˆjvKcÉæv ˆivM
kYvî×KiGY I Õ¼vÕ©ÅGmevq cÉavb f„wgKvq iGqGQ| `Ë‚Z cwøgvqb I AvaywbK
JlacGòi cÉPjGbi dGj AGbK AçGjB mswkÏÓ¡ ˆjvKcÉævmn mbvZb wPwKrmv c«¬wZi
Ici cÉwZK„j cÉfve cGoGQ| `Ë‚Z wk͸vwqZ ‰jvKvàwjGZ weGklfvGe ˆjvKcÉæv
I mbvZb wPwKrmv c«¬wZ ˆjvc ˆcGZ PGjGQ| AvqyGeÆ`, ˆnwKwg I BDbvwb wPwKrmvi
gGZv mywjwLZ I mywbew®¬Z c«¬wZi
ˆÞGò wecG`i SzuwK ˆZgb ˆewk bq| wK¯§ AGbKàwj AwjwLZ c«¬wZ ev ˆjvKwPwKrmv
hv gyGL gyGL cÉR¯Ãv¯¦Gi nÕ¦v¯¦wiZ, ˆmàwji wec` AZÅwaK| MÉvgvçGji KweivwR
nGjv ˆjvKcÉævwfwîK ˆjvKwPwKrmvi ‰KwU `†Ó¡v¯¦ hv cÉv‹MwZnvwmK Kvj ˆ^GK
eÅen…Z I Av`†Z nGq AvmGQ|
DîieGãi 10wU MÉvGgi msM†nxZ
Z^Å ˆ^GK Rvbv ˆMGQ ˆivMxG`i 30 kZvsk mbvZb wPwKrmv MÉnY KGi Avi 150
Rb wPwKrmGKi gGaÅ 57 Rb ˆjvKcÉævwbfÆi KweivR| ˆMvUv evsjvG`Gk ZvwjKvfzî×
5 nvRvGii ˆewk ‰B RvZxq wPwKrmK QvovI 3000 ZvwjKv-ewnfƃZ KweivR iGqGQ|
evsjvG`Gk ˆjvKcÉævwfwîK ˆjvKwPwKrmvi
aviv AGbK ‰es ˆmàwji D«¿e I eÅenvi b†GMvÓ¤x mywbw`ÆÓ¡ ‰es wewf®² AçGj
wewf®² ŠewkGÓ¡Åi| D`vniY wnGmGe eqÕ• M†wnYx ev gwnjviv AmyL, ˆ`ŒeÆjÅ
I MfÆveÕ©vi gGZv weGkl ˆÞGò ˆjvKcÉævwfwîK wkKo-evKGoi eÅeÕ©v ˆ`b| wflK,
KweivR ev Še`Åiv ˆivMevjvBGqi RbÅ ˆjvKcÉævwfwîK cÉwZGlaK ˆhvMvq| evsjvG`Gk
‰G`i msLÅv nvRvi nvRvi ‰es eo eo MÉvGg MocoZv 4-5 Rb| MÉvgxY c÷ wPwKrmKiv
ˆjvKcÉæv I Õ©vbxq MvQMvQovi mvnvGhÅ M†ncvwjZ c÷G`i wPwKrmv KGi| nvo
wPwKrmKiv mbvZb ˆjvKcÉævi mvnvGhÅ fvOv nvo ˆRvov jvMvq| ISviv mvc,
KvuKovweQv I KzKzi BZÅvw`i KvgGoi wPwKrmv KGi| wPivqZ cÉme-mnvwqKv `vB
ˆjvKcÉævi wfwîGZB cÉme Kivq|
Dw«¿ä ˆflGRi mGã mswkÏÓ¡ ˆjvKcÉævi
mg†«¬ HwZnÅ evsjvG`Gki mKj mbvZb wPwKrmv c«¬wZi gƒjwfwî| my`ƒi AZxZ
ˆ^GK weKvGki avivq D«¿vweZ ‰KwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ wbivgq c«¬wZ axGi axGi QwoGq
cGoGQ ‰es ò×GgB cixwÞZ, cwi÷«¬, msGkvwaZ I weKwkZ nGqGQ Avi wPwKrmKG`i
gvaÅGg mbvZb c«¬wZGZ wjwce«¬ nGqGQ| ˆjvKwPwKrmvi ‰KwU eo Ask AekÅ AvRI
wewf®² evÕ§msÕ©vwbK AçGji mgvGR ZvG`i ˆjvKcÉævi gGZvB ‰Kv¯¦ Õ©vbxq nGq
AvGQ, cÉvqkB KvGji MÉvm ‰ovGZ ˆcGiGQ ‰es ˆKej ˆgŒwLKfvGeB Õ©vbv¯¦wiZ
nGqGQ| wK¯§ AvaywbK Jlacò Avmvi ci AwaKvsk ˆjvK ˆ`kR ˆflR eüjvsGk eRÆb
KGiGQ, dGj ˆjvKcÉævwbfÆi wPwKrmvàwj `Ë‚Z ˆjvc cvGœQ|
[‰g BKevj RyGeix]
AviI ˆ`Lyb Dw«¿`RvZ ˆflR; ˆflR Dw«¿`|
wec®² Dw«¿` (Threatened plants) wewf®² chÆvGqi wec®² AeÕ©vq wUGK AvGQ| 1992 mvGj eËvwRGji wiI wW
ˆRwbwiI-ˆZ AvnƒZ kxlÆ mGÁÃjGb weGk¼i mKj RvwZi cÉwZwbwaiv Rxe‹ewPòÅ
KbGfbkb (Convention on Biological Diversity/CBD) bvGgi ‰K `wjGj Õ¼vÞi KGib ‰es ZvGZ ˆMvUv gvbeRvwZi
KjÅvGYi RbÅ wbR wbR ˆ`Gk Rxe‹ewPòÅ myiÞvi `vwqZ½ ZvG`i Ici eZÆvq| evsjvG`kI
‰B mbG`i Õ¼vÞi`vZv|
mKj wkG͸v®²Z ˆ`k I AwaKvsk
D®²qbkxj ˆ`k BGZvgGaÅB wbR wbR ivR‹bwZK ˆfŒGMvwjK ‰jvKvi wec®² cÉRvwZi
mÁ·ƒYÆ ZvwjKv cÉÕ§Z ‰es bvg, kbvwî×i Z^Åvw`, wPò, ˆ`k I ˆ`Gki evBGi
cÉRvwZi weÕ¦vi, cÉvK‡wZK cwiGeGk wec®² cÉRvwZi AeÕ©vb, wec®²Zvi mywbw`ÆÓ¡
KviY, msiÞGYi mGeÆvîg Dcvq BZÅvKvi mswkÏÓ¡ Z^Åvw` mieivn KGiGQ| ‰me
ZG^Åi msKjb jvj Z^Å eB (Red Data Book)
bvGg cwiwPZ ‰es ‰wU wec®² cÉRvwZmgƒn msiÞGYi KgÆmƒwP evÕ¦evqGbi RbÅ
AZů¦ ài‚Z½cƒYÆ|
RvZxq msiÞY ˆKŒkGji RbÅ cÉGqvRbxq
mnvqK `wjGji ‰Kvsk wnGmGe (1991) evsjvG`Gki mÁ¿veÅ wec®² 25 cÉRvwZi
`vi‚-Dw«¿G`i (vascular plants) ‰KwU ZvwjKv cÉKvk Kiv nGqwQj| evsjvG`Gki wec®² mcyÓ·K Dw«¿G`i jvj
eB cÉKvGki DGóGkÅ evsjvG`k RvZxq nvGeÆwiqvg ‰KwU cÉK͸ MÉnY
KGiGQ| mvÁcÉwZK ‰K Abym®¬vGb Rvbv ˆMGQ ˆh, ˆ`Gki AbƒÅb 95wU mcyÓ·K Dw«¿`
cÉRvwZ bvbv chÆvGq wec®² nGq cGoGQ| ‰B ZvwjKvi Z^ÅvbymvGi AwejGÁ¼ eÅvcK
I A^ÆcƒYÆ msiÞGYi cwiK͸bv MÉnY I evÕ¦evqb AvekÅK| 1975 mvGj M†nxZ ‰es
evsjvG`kmn 140wU ˆ`k KZ‡ÆK mgw^ÆZ wec®² cÉRvwZi Av¯¦RÆvwZK evwYRÅ KbGfbkb
(Convention for International Trade in Endangered Species/CITES) AGbK RvGZi MvQcvjv I RxeR¯§i eÅemv-evwYRÅ wbq¯¨Y
KGi ^vGK| CITES-‰i
ZvwjKvfzî× ‰es evsjvG`Gki RbÅ mweGkl DG«¼MRbK ‰B aiGbi Dw«¿` nGjv AwKÆW
I Jlwa MvQcvjv| KvV msMÉGni mgq AwKÆGWi eÅvcK a»sGmi `i‚b bv±`wbK w`K
ˆ^GK gƒjÅevb ‰B cÉRvwZàwj AZů¦ `Ë‚Z nvwiGq hvGœQ, Avi h`†œQv msMÉGni
RbÅ ˆjvc cvGœQ ˆflR MvQMvQvwj|
[ˆgvt mvjvi Lvb]
AviI ˆ`Lyb evsjvG`k RvZxq nvGeÆwiqvg|
Dw«¿`weævb wkÞv I MGelYv Dw«¿`weævb RxeweævGbi ‰KwU kvLv ‰es Dw«¿G`i meàwj w`K, wbGRG`i gGaÅ
I cwiGeGki mGã cviÕ·wiK RwUj wg^wÓ˜qv BZÅvw` mÁ·GKÆ ŠeævwbK mgxÞv ‰B
we`Åvi AvGjvPÅ welq| evsjvG`k ‰KwU cÉvPxb K‡wlcÉavb ˆ`k| eZÆgvGb AwZwiî×
RbmsLÅv e†w«¬i `i‚b gv^vwcQy Rwgi cwigvY AZÅwaK nËvm ˆcGjI ‰LbI K‡wlB
KgÆmsÕ©vGbi cÉavb LvZ| Dw«¿`weævb K‡wli mGã NwbÓ¤ weavq eüKvj ˆ^GKB
ævGbi ‰B kvLvi cÉwZ Rxeweævbx I K‡wlwe`iv AvK‡Ó¡ nGqGQ| dGj fviZ DcgnvG`Gki
ˆh Açj wbGq eZÆgvb evsjvG`k MwVZ, Dw«¿`weævb ‰LvGbI ævbPPÆvi ‰KwU ài‚Z½cƒYÆ
ˆÞò wnGmGe mycÉwZwÓ¤Z nGqGQ|
wbw`ÆÓ¡ welq wnGmGe Dw«¿`weævGbi
cvV MÉnGYi ÷i‚ DœP gvaÅwgGKi ci A^Ævr Õ²vZK chÆvGq| ‰RbÅ 3 eQGii cvm
ˆKvmÆ I 4 eQGii AbvmÆ ˆKvGmÆi cvVò×g iGqGQ| Pvi eQGii AbvmÆ ˆKvmÆ ˆ`Gki
5wU mvaviY wek¼we`ÅvjGq Pvjy nGqGQ| RvZxq wek¼we`ÅvjGqi AaxbÕ© 1300
wWwMÉ KGjGRi AwaKvsGkB Dw«¿`weævGb Õ²vZK ˆKvmÆ ‰es 24wU KGjGR Õ²vZK
AbvmÆ I Õ²vZGKvîi ˆKvmÆ iGqGQ| ˆ`Gki meàwj K‡wl wek¼we`ÅvjGqI Dw«¿`weævb
wkÞGYi KgÆmƒwP we`Ågvb|
ˆ`Gki 4wU mvaviY wek¼we`ÅvjGq
cƒYÆvã Dw«¿`weævb wefvM Pvjy AvGQ AGbK w`b ˆ^GK| XvKv wek¼we`Åvjq
cÉwZÓ¤vi 18 eQi ci 1939 mvGj MwVZ Rxeweævb wefvGMi AaxGb Dw«¿`weævGb
wkÞv`vb ÷i‚ nq| Rxewe`Åv wefvGMi AaÅÞ wQGjb Dw«¿`we` cçvbb gGnk¼ix|
1954 mvGj Rxeweævb wefvM cÉvwYwe`Åv I Dw«¿`weævb wefvGM wefî× nq| AZtci
1963 mvGj ivRkvnx wek¼we`Åvjq, 1973 mvGj PëMÉvg wek¼we`Åvjq
‰es 1986 mvGj RvnvãxibMi wek¼we`Åvjq Dw«¿`weævb wefvM Pvjy KGi| ‰me
wefvM ˆ^GK we.‰mwm AbvmÆ, ‰g.‰mwm, ‰g.wdj I Dw«¿`weævGbi wewf®² ˆÞGò
wc‰BP.wW wWwMÉ cÉ`vb Kiv nq|
AZxGZ wek¼we`Åvj àwjGZB Dw«¿`weævGbi
MGelYv gƒjZ mxwgZ wQj| AZtci miKvi K‡wlLvGZ AGbKàwj MGelYv I D®²qb (R&D)
cÉwZÓ¤vb Õ©vcb KGi ‰es ‰me cÉwZÓ¤vGb wbw`ÆÓ¡ K‡wl dmj mÁ·GKÆ MGelYv
cwiPvwjZ nIqvq Dw«¿`weævGbi MGelYv cÉvavbÅ jvf KGi| MGelYv cÉwZÓ¤vbàwji
gGaÅ DGÍÏLGhvMÅ evsjvG`k avb MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, evsjvG`k cvU MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU,
evsjvG`k Pv MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, evsjvG`k eb MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, evsjvG`k
K‡wl MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, evsjvG`k RvZxq nvGeÆwiqvg, evsjvG`k cigvYy K‡wl
MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, evsjvG`k BÞz MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, evsjvG`k ˆikg MGelYv
I cÉwkÞY BbwÕ¡wUDU ‰es XvKv, PëMÉvg I ivRkvnxi evsjvG`k wk͸ I MGelYv
cwil`-‰i Dw«¿`weævb kvLv| ‰B msÕ©vàwj K‡wli D®²qGb DGÍÏLGhvMÅ Ae`vb
ivLGQ|
ˆ`Gk wek¼we`Åvjq chÆvGq Dw«¿`weævGbi
wkÞK msLÅv AvbygvwbK 200 Avi KGjR chÆvGq Dw«¿`weævGbi ˆKvmÆ wkÞv`vGb
iGqGQb AviI cÉvq 2 nvRvi wkÞK| wewf®² wek¼we`Åvjq ˆ^GK eQGi cÉvq 250
Rb QvòQvòx Dw«¿`weævGbi wWwMÉ jvf KGi|
MGelYv I D®²qb cÉwZÓ¤vb ‰es
mwgwZ
evsjvG`Gk Dw«¿`weævb msò×v¯¦ ŠeævwbK wbixÞv
I MGelYvi BwZnvm ‰es ‰i mGã mswkÏÓ¡ KZK msÕ©v I cÉwZÓ¤vb hG^Ó¡ cÉvPxb|
mviwY 2 Dw«¿`weævb mswkÏÓ¡ cÉwZÓ¤vb
| BbwÕ¡wUDU
I cÉwZÓ¤vKvj |
MGelYvGÞò |
| evsjvG`k
K‡wl BbwÕ¡wUDU (evsjvG`k K‡wl MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDGUi
AaxbÕ©), 1938 |
Dw«¿`
cÉRbb, ˆdÑvivj evGqvjwR, K‡wlZî½ |
evsjvG`k
K‡wl MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, 1976 |
K‡wlZî½,
D`Åvbwe`Åv, Dw«¿`
cÉRbb, K‡wl mÁ·ÉmviY |
| evsjvG`k
cvU MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, 1951 |
cvGUi
eskvYyZî½ I cÉRbb, fÅvivBwUàwji
gvVchÆvq gƒjÅvqb |
| evsjvG`k
BÞz MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, 1951 |
AvL
cÉRbb, D®²qb I gƒjÅvqb |
| Zzjv
D®²qb ˆevWÆ, 1972 |
Zzjv
cÉRbb, D®²qb I gƒjÅvqb |
| dj
MGelYv ˆÕ¡kb, 1960 |
Avg
I AbÅvbÅ AvçwjK dj cÉRbb |
| ZvgvK
MGelYv ˆÕ¡kb, 1906 |
ZvgvGKi
Drcv`b I gvb D®²qb |
| wUDevi
dmj MGelYv ˆK±`Ê, 1987 |
Avjy
MGelYv, exR Drcv`b |
| Mg
MGelYv ˆK±`Ê, 1980 |
Mg
cÉRbb, ˆivM eÅeÕ©vcbv, exRcÉhywî× |
| evsjvG`k
Pv MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, 1957 |
cÉRbb,
ˆKÑvb wbeÆvPb, K‡wlZî½, ˆivMwe`Åv |
| evsjvG`k eb MGelYv BbwÕ¡wUDU, 1955 |
cÉRbb, e†Þ D®²qb, wkG͸eÅenvhÆ
KvV
MGelYv, gÅvbGMÉvf MGelYv, Rxe‹ewPòÅ
msiÞY| |
| Avg
MGelYv ˆÕ¡kb, 1989 |
AvGgi
RvZ D®²qb, ˆivM
I KxU wbq¯¨Y |
| Wvj
MGelYv ˆK±`Ê, 1987 |
cÉRbb,
RvZ D®²qb |
| D`Åvbwe`Åv
MGelYv ˆK±`Ê, 1989 |
cÉRbb,
dGji RvZ D®²qb |
| gkjv
MGelYv ˆK±`Ê, 1995 |
gkjv MGelYv I D®²qb |
| ˆZjexR
MGelYv ˆK±`Ê, 1987 |
ˆZjexR
MGelYv I Drcv`b |
| evsjvG`k
RvZxq nvGÆewiqvg, 1970 |
evsjvG`Gki
Dw«¿`Kzj |
| RxbZî½
wefvM, |
Dw«¿`GKvlKjv
Pvl |
| Lv`Å
I wewKiY Rxewe`Åv BbwÕ¡wUDU cigvYy
kwî× MGelYv msÕ©v, 1975 |
|
| evsjvG`k weævb I wk͸
MGelYv
KvDw´Öj, 1955 |
|
| XvKv
jÅveGiUwim, 1955 |
Dw«¿ä
MGelYv, Dw«¿` cÉRbb, Škevj
Pvl |
| PëMÉvg
jÅveGiUwim, 1967 |
Dw«¿ä
MGelYv, Dw«¿` cÉRbb |
| ivRkvnx
jÅveGiUwim, 1967 |
Dw«¿ä
MGelYv, Dw«¿` cÉRbb |
1971 mvGj evsjvG`Gki AfzÅ`Gqi
ciciB evsjvG`k Dw«¿`weævb mwgwZ (1972), Bangladesh Association
for Plant Tissue Culture (1989)
‰es Bangladesh
Association for Plant Taxonomy (1992)
MwVZ nq| meàwj mwgwZ I MGelYv cÉwZÓ¤vb ˆek mwò×q| [wRqv Dwób AvnGg`]
