Bgvgeviv AvÞwiK AG^Æ BgvGgi evmfeb| Bgvg nGjb agÆxq ˆbZv A^ev gymwjgG`i bvgvh cwiPvjbvi cÉavb| fviZxq DcgnvG`Gk Bgvgeviv kõwU w`Gq wkqvG`i «¼viv gyniiGgi AbyÓ¤vb D`hvcGbi RbÅ wbwgÆZ feb ev mGÁÃjb KÞGK ˆevSvGbv nq| gymwjg cwéKvi cÉ^g gvm gyniig gvGm ‰es wkqvG`i wbKU ài‚Z½cƒYÆ AbÅvbÅ AbyÓ¤vbvw`GZ BgvgevivGZ gRwjm (mfv/ mGÁÃjb) AbywÓ¤Z nGZv| nRiZ Bgvg ˆnvGmb (iv.)-‰i gyZzÅ evwlÆKx DcjGÞ Kvievjvi Kvwnbx eYÆbv, gwmÆqv (ˆkvKMuv^v) Ave†wî, ˆkvKwgwQj I gvGZvg (ˆkvGKi wPn× wnGmGe eyK PvcovGbv) Kiv nGZv|

Bgvgeviv cÉavbZ fviZxq ‰KwU cÉwZÓ¤vb hvi AvwefÆve nGqwQj AvVvGiv kZGK| md`vi RO (1708-54) gyniig gvGmi `k ZvwiGL ‘Av÷iv’ cvjGbi RbÅ w`wÍÏGZ ‰KwU feb wbgÆvY KGib| wK¯§ ‰ febGK Bgvgeviv ejv nGZv bv| md`vi RGOi ˆcŒò AvmvdzGóŒjvI Abyi…c ‰KwU feb jGÞ°ŒGZ wbgÆvY KGib| ‰wU Bgvgeviv-B-Avmvdx bvGg cÉwmw«¬ jvf KGi| Dîi fviGZ Bgvgeviv Av÷iv Lvbv bvGgI cwiwPZ|

Bgvgeviv, gywkÆ`vev`

cwøg evsjvq ˆek KGqKwU Bgvgeviv AvGQ| ‰àwji gGaÅ gywkÆ`vevG`i nvRvi`yqvwi cÉvmvG`i Bgvgeviv ‰es nvRx gynÁÃ` ˆgvnmxb dv´£ «¼viv cwiPvwjZ üMwji Bgvgeviv DGÍÏLGhvMÅ| evsjvG`GkI ˆek msLÅK Bgvgeviv AvGQ| ‰àwji AeÕ©vb XvKv, gvwbKMé, wKGkviMé, AÓ¡MÉËvg, Šmq`cyi, VvKziMuvI ‰es wmGjGU| ‰Kmgq ÷ay XvKvGZB 15wU Bgvgeviv wQj| ‰i gGaÅ meGPGq weLÅvZ Bgvgeviv nGjv Šmq` gxi gyiv` KZƆK wbwgÆZ ˆnvGmbx `vjvb| [gynvÁÃ` kwdKzÍÏvn]

Bgvgeviv (üMwj)  ˆgvnmxb Znwej KZ‡ÆK cwiPvwjZ ‰KwU IqvK&dK‡Z wkqv cÉwZÓ¤vb| `kÆbv^ÆxG`i RbÅ üMwj knGii meGPGq AvKÆlYxq Õ©j nGœQ wekvj Bgvgeviv KgGµÏÝ| Õ©vcZÅGmŒKhÆgq gGbvig BgviZ ˆkvwfZ ‰ KgGµÏGÝ iGqGQ KGjR, Õ•zj, gv`Ëvmv, gmwR`, nvmcvZvj, wecwY ˆK±`Ê, AvevmÕ©j, wkqv mvaKG`i mgvwa, nvRx gynÁÃ` ˆgvnmxb I Zuvi cwievGii m`mÅG`i mgvwa| ˆdŒR`vi mvjvnDóxb gynÁÃ` Lvb AÓ¡v`k kZvõxi ˆklw`GK Bgvgeviv KgGµÏÝwU wbgÆvY KGib| nvRx gynÁÃ` ˆgvnmxb Zuvi wbm¯¦vb ŠewcGòq ˆevb gy®²yRvb LvbGgi KvQ ˆ^GK mvqv`cyGii Rwg`vwi DîivwaKvimƒGò jvf KGib| ˆgvnmxb NUv KGi RuvKRgGKi mGã agÆxq Drme I AbyÓ¤vb D`hvcb KGi cvwievwiK HwZnÅ AeÅvnZ ivGLb|

Bgvgevivi msiÞY I cvwievwiK HwZnÅ AÞzY³ ivLvi cÉGqvRGb wPiKzgvi ˆgvnmxb 1806 mvGj ‰KwU IqvK&d `wjj mÁ·v`b KGib| ‰ `vbcGò Rwg`vwii cyGiv Avq bqwU mgvb AsGk fvM Kiv nq| ‰i gGaÅ wZbwU Ask Bgvgevivi iÞYvGeÞY, KgÆPvixG`i ˆeZbfvZv ‰es agÆxq Drme AbyÓ¤vGbi eÅq wbeÆvGni RbÅ wbaÆvwiZ ivLv nq| Pig AeÅeÕ©v I gyZvIqvÍÏxMY KZ‡ÆK A^Æ ZQi‚Gci KviGY 1818 mvGj miKvi ‰ ZnweGji `vwqZ½ MÉnY KGi| ZnweGji miKvwi Zî½veavqK Rwg`vwii Avq evwoGq wecyj cwigvY A^Æ D«¼†î ˆ`Lvb ‰es ‰ D«¼†î AG^Æ cçvGki `kGK Bgvgevivq bZzb BgviZ wbgÆvY Kiv nq| mµ¦`k kZvõxi ˆkl `kGK wbwgÆZ KwZcq gƒj BgviGZi msÕ•vi mvab Kiv nq| Dbwesk kZvõxi ˆkl fvGM bZzb RgKvGjv BgviZ ˆkvwfZ üMwj Bgvgeviv meÆvwaK AvKlÆYxq `kÆbxq Õ©vGb cwiYZ nq| gmwR` I mivBLvbvmn meàwj BgviGZi ˆgGS ggÆi cv^Gi euvavGbv wQj ‰es ˆ`qvjàwj wQj cweò KziAvGbi evYx «¼viv AjsK‡Z| Aci…c Kvi‚KvhÆLwPZ gmwRG`i gƒjÅevb Avmevecò, fvÕ•hÆ, SvoevwZ, j¥¤b I i…cvi cvGZ ˆgvovGbv wgÁ¼i ‰es `Þ KgÆPvix «¼viv cwiPvwjZ nvmcvZvj I KGjRmn Bgvgeviv KgGµÏÝwU Ebwesk kZvõxi lvGUi `kK ˆ^GK ‰K gGbvgy™¬Ki i…c cwiMÉn KGi AvmwQj| eZÆgvGb Bgvgeviv cƒGeÆi bvq myeÅewÕ©Z bv nGjI fviGZi cwøgeã ivGRÅi ‰KwU AvKlÆYxq chÆUb ˆKG±`Ê cwiYZ nGqGQ| 
[wmivRyj Bmjvg]

Bgvgeviv (VvKziMuvI)  VvKziMuvI ˆRjvi m`i DcGRjvi ivqcyi BDwbqGbi wm±`yibv MÉvGg AewÕ©Z| VvKziMuvI m`i ˆ^GK 20 wKwg `wÞY-cwøg w`GK wm±`yibv MÉvg| MÉvgwUi cƒeÆw`GK kvjevwo gmwR` ˆ^GK 200 MR DîGi Bgvgevivi Õ©vb|

Bgvgevivi mgqKvj wbG`ÆkK `ywU wkjvwjwc cvIqv hvq| ‰i ‰KwU evsjvq, AbÅwU dviwmGZ ˆjLv| evsjvq wjwLZ wkjvwjwcwU IqvGî×i bvgvGhi RbÅ MÉvGgi gvwUGZ ŠZix gmwRG`i evBGii cƒeÆ ˆ`qvGj msÕ©vwcZ AvGQ| dviwmGZ wjwLZ wkjvwjwcwU wm±`yibv MÉvGgi Awaevmx, Rbve nvwKgDóxb AvnGg`-‰i KvGQ msiwÞZ AvGQ| evsjvq wjwLZ wkjvwjwcGZ 1215 ‰es dviwmGZ wjwLZ wkjvwjwcGZ 1210 evsjv mGbi DGÍÏL iGqGQ| wK¯§ Dfq wjwcGZ ˆkL gynÁÃ` ivR KZƆK ‰ Bgvgeviv wbwgÆZ, K^vwUi DGÍÏL iGqGQ| AviI ˆjLv AvGQ ˆh, wbgÆvZvi wcZvi bvg ˆkL LvGqiDóxb ‰es `v`vi bvg ˆkL m`i‚óxb| Õ©vbxq RbkÉ‚wZ ˆ^GK Rvbv hvq ˆh, ‰iv cƒwYÆqv ˆRjvi kxZjcyi Rwg`vGii eskai ˆkL Pvb-‰i Dîimƒwi|

BgvgevivwU ‰LbI we`Ågvb| ‰wU ‰KwU AvqZvKvi KÞ| ‰i DœPZv cÉvq 6.10 wgUvi| evBGii w`K ˆ^GK ‰i Š`NÅÆ 5.80 wgUvi ‰es cÉÕ© 3.95 wgUvi| KGÞ cÉGeGki RbÅ cƒeÆ I cwøg w`GK iGqGQ `ywU KGi PviwU ‰es Dîi I `wÞY w`GK ‰KwU KGi `ywU wLjvb c^| wLjvbàwji cÉÕ© 0.90 wgUvi ‰es DœPZv cÉvq 2.15 wgUvi| ˆ`qvGji cÉkÕ¦Zv 0.90 wgUvi| BgviGZi Qv` ˆPŒPvjv AvK‡wZi, ‰i KvwbÆm mgv¯¦ivj|

eZÆgvGb BgviZwUi AeÕ©v LyeB RivRxYÆ| QvG`i DcGi MvQcvjv MwRGqGQ, evBGii AjâiGYi ˆKvb wKQy AewkÓ¡ ˆbB| BgviZwU Lye mÁ¿eZ Bgvgevivi cÉGekKÞ, ˆKbbv ‰wU DuPz wfGZi Dci ŠZwi, PvicvGk cwZZ Rwg ‰es RwgGZ BGUi UzKiv BZÕ¦Z QwoGq AvGQ| ‰ ˆ^GK Abygvb Kiv hvq ˆh, ‰LvGb AviI BgviZ wQj| mÁ¿eZ gƒj BgvgevivwU a»sm nGq ˆMGQ|  [mvwbqv wmZviv]