BeGb
eZzZv
(1304-1377) giGØvi
chÆUK| myjZvb dLi‚óxb gyeviK kvn ‰i kvmbvgGj (1338-49) ˆkL Avey
Ave`yÍÏvn gynÁÃ` BeGb eZzZv evsjvq mdi KGib| ‰ mdGii weeiY Zuvi ˆinjv
bvgK MÉG¯© wjwce«¬ AvGQ| 1325 wLËÓ¡vGõ wZwb chÆUGb ˆei nb ‰es AvU eQGii
gGaÅ Dîi AvwdÌKv, Avie, cvimÅ, f„gaÅmvMGii cƒeÆ ZxieZÆx Açj I KbÕ¡vw´ŸGbvcj
cwiögY KGib| 1334 wLËÓ¡vGõ wZwb w`wÍÏGZ ˆcuŒGQb| myjZvb gynÁÃ` web ZzMjK ZuvGK w`wÍÏi KvRx wbhyî× KGib| AvU eQiKvj wZwb ‰ cG`
envj wQGjb| ‰ici myjZvb ZuvGK PxGb ivÓ¡Ë`ƒZ wbhyî× KGi cvVvb (1342)|
cG^ RvnvR Wzwei dGj Zuvi PxGb hvIqv nq wb| AeGkGl gvjq «¼xccyé (1342),
kÉxjâv (1345) I `wÞY fviZ cwiögY KGi wZwb evsjvq AvGmb| wmGjGU (ZLbKvi
Kvgi…c) nhiZ kvnRvjvj ‰i `kÆb jvGfi DGóGkÅB evsjvq Zuvi
AvMgb| 1346 wLËÓ¡vGõ evsjvG`Gki ˆh kniwUGZ BeGb eZzZv cÉ^g ˆcuŒGQb ˆmwU
nGœQ my`KvI (PëMÉvg)| ˆmLvb ˆ^GK wZwb mivmwi AvmvGg (Kvgi…)
hvb ‰es wmGjGU kvnRvjvGji mGã mvÞvr KGib| `iGeGki `iMvq wZb w`b AeÕ©vGbi
ci wZwb bni Dj-AvhivK b`xi (bxj b`x, myigv) ZxieZÆx neâ (nweMé) knGi
ˆcuŒGQb| ˆmLvb ˆ^GK b`xcG^ cGbi w`Gb wZwb ˆcuŒGQb ˆmvbviMuvGq| ˆmvbviMuvI
ˆ^GK ‰KwU e†nr Pxbv evwYRÅ RvnvGR KGi wZwb Rvfvq Mgb KGib| `ygvGmiI
Kg mgq wZwb evsjvq mdi KGib (RyjvB-AvMÕ¡, 1346)|
BeGb
eZzZvi weeiGY evsjvi AwaevmxG`i RxeGbi wewf®² w`K mÁ·GKÆ AvGjvKcvZ Kiv
nGqGQ| wZwb mdi KGiGQb ‰gb KGqKwU ài‚Z½cƒYÆ Õ©vGbi ˆfŒGMvwjK weeiY w`GqGQb
ˆhgb, ‘wekvj mgy`Ë DcK„jeZÆx e†nr kni’ my`KvI (PëMÉvg), ‘myweLÅvZ I
my`†kÅ bMix’ neâ, ‘myiwÞZ I `yGfÆ`Å bMi’ mybziKuvI| wZwb ˆbŒKvGhvGM
ögY KGiGQb ‰gb KGqKwU b`xi eYÆbv w`GqGQb ˆhgb, Mãv (c«Âv), hyb (hgybv)
I bni Dj-AvhivK| bni Dj-AvhivGKi `y ZxGii cÉvK‡wZK `†kÅ, weÕ¦xYÆ meyR
dmGji gvV, RwgGZ RjGmGPi cvwbKj, evMvb I MÉvGgi `†GkÅ wZwb ˆgvwnZ nb
‰es g¯¦eÅ KGib ˆh, b`xi `ycvGki MÉvg I dGji evMvGbi gaÅ w`Gq ˆhGZ ˆhGZ
Zuvi gGb nwœQj ˆhb wZwb ‰KwU evRvGii gaÅ w`Gq PGjGQb|
BeGb
eZzZv myjZvb bvwmi‚óxb gvngyG`i mgq ˆ^GK dLi‚óxb gyeviK kvn I AvjvDóxb Avjx kvn ‰i ÞgZv jvGfi mgq chƯ¦ ivR‹bwZK NUbvewji eYÆbv w`GqGQb|
Zuvi weeiGY iGqGQ ˆkL kvnRvjvGji Rxebaviv mÁ·GKÆ Z^Å, gymwjg I Agymwjg
wbweÆGkGl Avcvgi mKGji Dci mywd-`iGekG`i cÉfve, evsjvq `vmcÉ^vi cÉPjb,
Kvgi…Gci AwaevmxG`i hv`ywe`Åv I mGÁÃvnbx g¯¨Z¯¨ PPÆv, evsjvq PvDGji
cÉvPzhÆÅ I wbZÅeÅenvhÆ `ËGeÅi mÕ¦v `i| wZwb ‰ AçGji Afů¦ixY I ewneÆvwYGRÅi
D®²wZi K^v eGjGQb, cÉZÅÞ KGiGQb b`xi `y ZxGii nvUevRvi ‰es b`xGZ gvbyl
I cYÅevnx AmsLÅ ˆbŒKv PjvPGji `†kÅ| wZwb DGÍÏL KGiGQb b`xGZ cÉwZwU ˆbŒKvq
XvK wcwUGq msGKZ ˆ`Iqvi cÉ^vi K^v| ivGZ ˆbŒKv PjvPGji mgq ‰ XvGKi msGKZ
w`Gq hvòxiv kbvî× KiZ ˆKvbwU ˆ`kx Avi ˆKvbwU wfbG`kx ev AvM¯§K ˆbŒKv|
‰ KGi Zviv MGo ZzjZ Rj`myÅG`i mÁ¿veÅ Avò×gGYi wei‚G«¬ KvhÆKi cÉwZGiva|
wZwb Pxb, Rvfv I gvjq «¼xccyGéi mGã ˆmvbviMuvGqi ewneÆvwYwRÅK mÁ·GKÆi
DGÍÏL KGiGQb| ‰Kw`GK RxebaviGYi cÉGqvRbxq mvgwMÉi cÉvPzhÆÅ I gGbvig
cÉvK‡wZK `†kÅ ‰es AbÅw`GK KzqvkvœQ®² AvenvIqv I cxov`vqK Zvc`vGni cwiGcÉwÞGZ
‰ ˆ`kGK ‘ˆ`vRL-B-cyi-AvR wbqvgZ’ ev cÉvPzhÆcƒYÆ biK eGj weG`kxG`i ˆ`Iqv
AvLÅvGK BeGb eZzZv h^v^Æ eGjB gGb KGiGQb|
[gyqvh&hg ümvqb Lvb]