Bw±`iv
ˆ`ex ˆPŒayivbx
(1873-1960) mãxZwk͸x, ˆjLK I Abyev`K| wcZv mGZű`Êbv^ VvKzi ‰es wcZ‡eÅ iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi| Zuvi gvZv ævb`vbw±`bxI
wQGjb ‰KRb we`ylx gwnjv| wP¯¦vGPZbv I Av`kÆMZ w`K ˆ^GK Bw±`iv ˆ`ex wQGjb
iex±`ÊbvG^i fvewklÅv| meÆmvaviGYi wbKU wZwb ‘wewew`’ bvGg cwiwPZ wQGjb|
1873 mvGji 29 wWGmÁ¼i wcZvi KgÆÕ©j `wÞY fviGZi weRvcyGi Zuvi R¯Ã| 1881
mvGj cÉ^Gg wmgjvi AKjÅv´£ nvDGR ‰es cGi KjKvZvi ˆjvGiUv nvDGR covGkvbv
KGib| 1887 mvGj wZwb ‰´ŸÈv´Ö I cGi ‰d.‰ cixÞvq DîxYÆ nb| 1892 mvGj KjKvZv
wek¼we`ÅvjGqi we.‰ cixÞvq ˆgGqG`i gGaÅ cÉ^g Õ©vb jvf KGi wZwb ‘c«ÂveZx’
Õ¼YÆc`GK f„wlZ nb| wUÇwbwU KGjR Ae wgDwRK ˆ^GK wZwb wWGµÏvgv ARÆb KGib
‰es evw`Ë`vm gyKzGji wbKU DœPvãmãxZ (K¥¤) wkÞv KGib| 1899 mvGj
wZwb cÉg^ ˆPŒayixi mGã cwiYqmƒGò Ave«¬ nb|
Abyev`K
wnGmGe Bw±`iv ˆ`ex A͸eqGmB LÅvwZ ARÆb KGib| ŠKGkvGi wZwb iex±`Êbv^
cwiPvwjZ I gvZv ævb`vbw±`bx mÁ·vw`Z evjK cwòKvq ivwÕ•Gbi
iPbvi evsjv Abyev` cÉKvk KGib| cGi divwm wkGL wZwb ˆiGb MÉ‚Gmi
fviZelÆ, wcGqi ˆjvwZi Kgj KzgvwiKvkÉg ‰es gv`vg
ˆjwfi fviZögY Kvwnbx Abyev` KGib| iex±`ÊbvG^i eü KweZv,
M͸ I cÉe®¬mn Rvcvbhvòxi Wvqix-i BsGiwR Abyev`I
wZwb cÉKvk KGib| cieZÆxKvGj evgvGevwabx, eãjßx,
mvabv, cwiPq, meyRcò cÉf‡wZ
cwòKvq mãxZ I mvwnZÅwelGq Zuvi AGbK ˆgŒwjK iPbv cÉKvwkZ
nq| eãbvixi ÷fv÷f welGq Zuvi gZvgZ ‘bvixi Dwî×’ bvgK cÉeG®¬ wea†Z
nGqGQ| |
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Bw±`iv
ˆ`ex |
Bw±`iv
ˆ`ex iex±`ÊmãxGZ ‰es wcqvGbv, ˆenvjv I ˆmZviev`Gb cvi`wkÆbx wQGjb| iex±`ÊmãxGZi
Õ¼iwjwc iPbv Zuvi ‰K Agi KxwZÆ| ‘gvqvi ˆLjv’, ‘fvbywmsGni c`vejx’,
‘Kvjg†Mqv’ cÉf‡wZmn AviI `yGkv iex±`ÊmãxGZi Õ¼iwjwc iPbv ‰es iex±`ÊmãxGZi
eü Õ¼iwjwc Mɯ© wZwb mÁ·v`bv KGib| Zuvi K¥¤a†Z myGi iex±`Êbv^ AGbKàwj
MvbI iPbv KGiGQb| gwnjvG`i mãxZmG›Ni gyLcò Avb±` mãxZ cwòKvi
wZwb AbÅZg hy™Â mÁ·vw`Kv wQGjb| Õ¼vgxi mGã hyî×fvGe wjwLZ wn±`ymãxZ
Zuvi mãxZwP¯¦vi cwiPvqK| Zuvi wbGRi iwPZ wKQy Mvb Õ¼iwjwcmn myiãgv
cwòKvq cÉKvwkZ nGqGQ| iex±`ÊbvG^i g†ZzÅi ci Õ¼vgxi mGã wZwb kvw¯¦wbGKZGb
Õ©vwqfvGe emevm KGib ‰es ZLb ˆ^GKB kvw¯¦wbGKZGbi mãxZfeGb wbqwgZ iex±`ÊmãxZ
wkÞv`vb KGib|
kvw¯¦wbGKZGb
Bw±`iv ˆ`ex ‘Avjvcbx gwnjv mwgwZ’ cÉwZÓ¤v I Zvi gyLcò NGivqv cÉKvk
KGib| gwnjv KjÅvGY MwVZ ‘ˆeãj DBGg´Ö ‰WzGKkb jxM’, ‘Aj Bw´£qv DBGg´Ö
KbdvGi´Ö’, ‘wniYÄqx weaev AvkÉg’ BZÅvw` msMVGbi mfvGbòx wQGjb wZwb|
1956 mvGj wek¼fviZx wek¼we`ÅvjGqi DcvPvGhÆi `vwqZ½I cvjb KGib|
Bw±`iv
ˆ`exi KGqKwU ˆgŒwjK iPbv nGjv: kÉ‚wZ ÕÆwZ, iex±`ÊmãxGZ wòGeYx
mãg (1954) I iex±`ÊÕÆwZ (5 Lí, 1959)| Zuvi mÁ·vw`Z MÉG¯©i
gGaÅ iGqGQ: bvixi Dwî× (1920), evsjvi Õ¨x-AvPvi (1956),
ÕÆwZK^v, cyivZbx (1957) I MxZcçkZx| 1944 mvGj
KjKvZv wek¼we`Åvjq ZuvGK ‘fzebGgvwnbx’ Õ¼YÆc`K, 1957 mvGj wek¼fviZx
‘ˆ`wkGKvîg’ Dcvwa ‰es 1959 mvGj iex±`ÊfviZx mwgwZ cÉ^gevGii gGZv ‘iex±`ÊcyiÕ•vi’-‰
f„wlZ KGi| 1960 mvGji 12 AvMÕ¡ wZwb g†ZzÅeiY KGib| [`yjvj miKvi]
