Bw´£qvb
Õ¡ÅvwUmwUKÅvj BbwÕ¡wUDU
1931 mvGj cÉv^wgKfvGe KjKvZvi
ˆcÉwmGWw´Ö KGjR cÉvãGY ‰KwU cÉavb MGelYv cÉwZÓ¤vbi…Gc w` Bw´£qvb Õ¡ÅvwUmwUKÅvj
BbwÕ¡wUDU Õ©vwcZ nq ‰es 1932 mvGj AvbyÓ¤vwbKfvGe ‰wU wbew®¬Z nq| cÉGdmi
cÉkv¯¦P±`Ê gnjvbwek I wek kZGKi weGki `kGK ˆcÉwmGWw´Ö KGjGR ZuvGK wNGi
RGov nIqv ‰K`j Zi‚Y MGelK ‰ BbwÕ¡wUDGUi cwiK͸bv KGiwQGjb| cÉvK‡wZK
weævGb AbvmÆmn wWwMÉ cixÞv ˆkl KGi 1915 mvGj ˆKwÁ¼ËR ˆ^GK wdGi ‰Gm gnjvbwek
KjKvZv ˆcÉwmGWw´Ö KGjR ‰ c`v^Æwe`Åvq AaÅvcbv ÷i‚ KGib| ˆKwÁ¼ËR
ZÅvGMi mvgvbÅ AvGM Zuvi wkÞK WweÐD.‰BP ˆgKGj Zuvi mGã KvjÆ wcqvmÆGbi
‘evGqvGgwUÇK ˆUejm’ ‰es mvgwqKx evGqvGgwUÇKvi cwiPq NUvb| wZwb
evGqvGgwUÇKvi mÁ·ƒYÆ ˆmU mGã KGi KjKvZvq AvGmb| ‰ me
mvgwqKx ˆ^GK wZwb cwimsLÅvb welGq covGkvbv KiGZ ÷i‚ KGib|
1917
mvGj KjKvZv wek¼we`Åvjq cixÞvc«¬wZ Z`¯¦ Kivi RbÅ `kÆGbi Z`vbx¯¦b
AaÅvcK eËGR±`Êbv^ kxjGK mfvcwZ KGi ‰KwU KwgwU MVb KGi| kxj Rxe cwimsLÅvbwe`Åvi
mvÁ·ÉwZK weKvGki mGã cwiwPZ wQGjb| cwimvsLÅwbK c«¬wZ eÅenvi KGi Z`¯¦KvGR
mnvqZv Kivi RbÅ wZwb gnjvbwekGK AbyGiva KGib| ‰wUB gnjvbwekGK cwimvsLÅwbK
mgmÅv mÁ·GKÆ eÅenvwiK KvR ÷i‚ KiGZ D«¼y«¬ KGi|
1926
mvGj gnjvbwek BsjÅvG´£ cÉLÅvZ cwimsLÅvbwe` Avi.‰. wdkvGii mvÞvr jvf
KGib ‰es mGiRwgGb cixÞv-wbixÞvi wdkvixq c«¬wZi mGã cwiwPZ nb| 1927 mvGj
gnjvbwek ˆcÉwmGWw´Ö KGjGR ‰KwU cwimvsLÅwbK MGelYvMvi cÉwZÓ¤v KGib| KGjGR
wZwb Zuvi wbGRi AwdmKÞGK fvM KGi MGelYvMvGii RvqMvi eÅeÕ©v KGib| 1926
mvj ˆ^GK ‰KhyM aGi ‰ cwimvsLÅwbK MGelYvMvi K‡wlmsò×v¯¦ Z^Åvbym®¬vGb
cwimvsLÅwbK c«¬wZ cÉGqvGMi cixÞv-wbixÞvi ˆK±`Êwe±`yi…Gc KvR KiGZ ^vGK|
1931 mvj ˆ^GK ‘Bw´£qvb KvDw´Öj Ae AÅvwMÉKvjPvivj wimvPÆ’-‰i Aby`vb ‰àwji
eÅqfvi enb KGi|
1931
mvGj ‰ MGelYvMvGii MGelKMY fviGZ ‰KwU cwimsLÅvb mwgwZ cÉwZÓ¤vi c`GÞc
MÉnY KGib| 1931 mvGji 17 wWGmÁ¼i cÉg^bv^ eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq (A^ÆbxwZi wgG´Ÿv
cÉGdmi), wbwLjiéb ˆmb (dwjZ MwYZ kvGÕ¨i Lqiv cÉGdmi) ‰es cÉkv¯¦P±`Ê
gnjvbweGki Õ¼vÞGi ‰KwU Rbmfv Avn»vb Kiv nq| cÉLÅvZ wk͸cwZ Avi.‰b gyGLvcvaÅvq
‰GZ mfvcwZZ½ KGib| ‰ mfvq meÆmÁÃwZò×Gg ‘Bw´£qvb Õ¡ÅvwUm&wUKÅvj BbwÕ¡wUDU’
cÉwZÓ¤vi wm«¬v¯¦ M†nxZ nq| 1860 mvGji ‘ˆmvmvBwUR ˆiwRGÕ¡Ëkb AÅvÙ 21’
‰i AaxGb 1932 mvGji 28 ‰wcÉj AjvfRbK ‰KwU we«¼vb mwgwZ i…Gc ‰wU wbew®¬Z
nq| wjã, eYÆ, agÆ, ˆkÉYx ev RvZxqZv wbweÆGkGl cwimsLÅvGb Drmvnx mKj
eÅwî×i RbÅ ‰i m`mÅc` D¯Ãyî× wQj|
BbwÕ¡wUDGUi
cÉv^wgK eQiàwjGZ eQGi `k ˆ^GK eviwU mfvi eÅeÕ©v KGi cwimsLÅvGbi Zvwî½K
I dwjZ mgmÅvewj mÁ·GKÆ eîׇZv I AvGjvPbv Kiv nGZv| fviGZi me ‰jvKv ˆ^GK
Avmv cwimvsLÅwbK wewf®² aiGbi cÉGk²i Reve ˆ`Iqv wQj ZLb BbwÕ¡wUDGUi
KvGRi ‰K ài‚Z½cƒYÆ Ask| 1942 mvj chƯ¦ weÕ¦‡Z cwimGi cwimvsLÅwbK mgmÅv
mÁ·wKÆZ cÉGk²i ˆgvU msLÅv wQj 130| BbwÕ¡wUDGUi MGelYvjº¬ dj cÉKvk Kivi
RbÅ 1933 mvGj msLÅv bvGg ‰KwU mvgwqKxi cÉKvk ÷i‚ nq| ‰KwU e†nr
‰jvKvq ‰Gjvcv^vwofvGe bgybv cixÞv KGi Rwgi cwigvY I dmj Drcv`Gbi AvbygvwbK
wnmve Kivi bZzb ˆKŒkj D«¿veb Kiv nq ‰es 1937 mvGj Zv evsjv cÉG`Gki cvGUi
djGbi ˆÞGò cÉGqvM Kiv nq|
1938
mvGji RvbyqvwiGZ KjKvZvq cÉ^g fviZxq cwimsLÅvb mGÁÃjb AbywÓ¤Z nq| Avi.‰
wdkvi ‰GZ mfvcwZZ½ KGib| Bw´£qvb mvGq´Ö KsGMÉGmi Rywewj AwaGekGbi AeÅewnZ
ciB ‰Uv AbywÓ¤Z nGqwQj| cGi 1945 mvj ˆ^GK mvGq´Ö KsGMÉm cwimsLÅvGbi
RbÅ ‰KwU Avjv`v wefvM ÷i‚ KiGZ mÁÃZ nq| 1959 mvGj cvjÆvGg´Ÿ Bw´£qvb
Õ¡ÅvwUm&wUKÅvj BbwÕ¡wUDUGK RvZxq ài‚Z½mÁ·®² BbwÕ¡wUDUi…Gc ˆNvlYv
KGi ‰es ‰wUGK cwimsLÅvGb wWwMÉ cÉ`vb Kivi ÞgZv `vb KGi| wek kZGKi cçvGki
`kGK BbwÕ¡wUDUwUGK ˆcÉwmGWw´Ö KGjR cÉvãY ˆ^GK mwiGq eÅvivKcyi UÇvâ ˆivGWi
cvGk ‰i eZÆgvb cÉvãGY Õ¯¦i Kiv nq|
[Dgv `vm൦]