Ave`yi iwng (Avby. 1785-1853)  hywî×ev`x wP¯¦vwe`| wZwb AvbygvwbK 1785 mvGji w`GK Dîi fviGZi ˆMviÞcyGi R¯ÃMÉnY KGib| ˆckvq ZuvwZ nGjI Zuvi wcZv gymvwne Avjx dviwm fvlvi cÉwZ Abyiî× wQGjb| ZvB wZwb PvBGZb ˆh, Zuvi ˆQGj Aviwe fvlv wkÞvi mvG^ mvG^ dviwm fvlvq eyÅrcwî ARÆb Ki‚K| evjÅKvGj iwng ˆNvovi wcV ˆ^GK cGo wMGq evg nvGZ AvNvZ cvb| ‰ `yNÆUbv ZuvGK cvwievwiK ˆckv MÉnY KiGZ AGhvMÅ KGi ˆZvGj, dGj wZwb wkÞv PvwjGq ˆhGZ cvGib| cGbGiv eQi eqGmi gGaÅB wZwb dviwm fvlvq eyÅrcwî ARÆb KGib ‰es kxNËB wZwb Aviwe fvlvqI `ÞZv ARÆb KGib| ZLb Zuvi wcZv ZuvGK ˆMviÞcyGii wbKUeZÆx Zvívq wbGq hvb ‰es Zuvi AvaÅvwñK c^wbG`ÆkGKi AwffveKGZ½ ˆiGL AvGmb| iwng ˆmLvGb wZb eQi AeÕ©vb KGib ‰es wewf®² welGq ævb ARÆb KGib|

1804 mvGj DœP wkÞvi RbÅ wZwb jGÞ°ŒGZ hvb| jGÞ°Œi ŠewPòÅgq eyw«¬e†wîK cwiGeGk Ave`yi iwnGgi gvbwmK RMGZ cwieZÆb AvGm| wZwb KweZv wjLGZ kyi‚ KGib| wkqv I myw®² mÁ·É`vGqi gGaÅ LyuwUbvwU welq wbGq msNwUZ Nb Nb agÆxq weev` ZuvGK ggÆvnZ KGi| jGÞ°ŒGZ ‰K eQi AwZevwnZ KGi  wZwb  w`wÍÏGZ PGj AvGmb| ˆmLvGb wZwb H mgqKvi `yRb ˆbZ‡Õ©vbxq Bmjvwg wP¯¦vwe`, kvn Ave`yj AvwRR I Zuvi fvB ˆgvÍÏv iwdDóxGbi Zî½veavGb BmjvGgi agÆxq Mɯ©mgƒn AaÅqb KGib| ˆmLvGb Zuvi mncvVx wQGjb ivqGeGijxi Šmq` Avng`| w`wÍÏGZ Ave`yi iwng `kÆbkvÕ¨ I weævGbi Ici KÑvwmKÅvj Mɯ©mgƒnI AaÅqb KGib ˆhàwj ZLb Aviwe I dviwm fvlvq cvIqv ˆhZ ‰es cÉvGPÅi Õ¼G`kRvZ wPwKrmvq wKQyUv `ÞZv ARÆb KGib|

cÉ^g RxeGb Ave`yi iwng agÆcÉvY gymjgvb wQGjb ‰es kwiqvi weavb Abyhvqx D`ÅGgi mvG^ agÆxq Abykvmb KGVvifvGe cvjb KiGZb| wK¯§ w`wÍÏi meÆmâxYÆZvgyî× cwiGeGk wewf®² aGgÆi cweò Mɯ©mgƒn cvGVi ci I `kÆbkvGÕ¨i wewf®² gGZi Ici MGelYvgƒjK Mɯ©mgƒn cvGVi dGj Zuvi gb mKj iKg agÆxq ˆMuvovwg ˆ^GK gyî× nq| Zuvi cƒGeÆi agÆxq wek¼vm I KzmsÕ•vimgƒn cyGivcywi ZÅvM KGi wZwb gyî×wP¯¦vwe` I hywî×ev`x nGq IGVb| Zuvi cÉPwjZ agÆgZweGivax aÅvb-aviYvi RbÅ wZwb ‘`vnwi’ A^Ævr Roev`x A^ev bvwÕ¦K eGj cwiwPwZ jvf KGib| Ave`yi iwnGgi gGZ, Ck¼i A^ev cig mîvi aviYv BgvgG`i (agÆxq ˆbZ‡e†±`) D«¿veb| wZwb cÉK‡wZi AvBGb wek¼vm KiGZb ‰es Zuvi gGZ mƒhÆ mKj m†wÓ¡i Drm|

1810 mvGj cuwPk eQi eqGm, Ave`yi iwng KjKvZv PGj AvGmb ‰es RxeGbi AewkÓ¡ mgq ˆmLvGbB AwZevwnZ KGib| KjKvZvq wZwb AGbK Õ¼vœQ±`ÅGeva KiGZb, KviY KmGgvcwjUvb ivRavbx kni me iKg wP¯¦vavivi AwaKvix mKj aiGbi ˆjvKRbGK AvK‡Ó¡ KiZ ‰es agÆxq AbyMvgx I cÉPwjZ agÆgGZi wei‚«¬ gZvejÁ¼x eÅwî×G`i RbÅ wQj Afq AvkÉg|

KjKvZvq Avmvi AeÅewnZ ci Ave`yi iwng BsGiwR wkLGZ ÷i‚ KGib| A͸ KGqK eQGii gGaÅ wZwb H fvlvq ‰ZUv `ÞZv ARÆb Kib ˆh,  RbwkÞv  KwgwU  ZuvGK BsGiwR  fvlvq  wjwLZ wewf®²  cyÕ¦K Aviwe I dviwmGZ AbyevG`i KvGR wbGqvwRZ KGib| KjKvZv gv`Ëvmvi wkÞv KvhÆò×Gg BDGivcxq weævb cÉeZÆGbi BÕ¡ Bw´£qv ˆKvÁ·vwbi miKvGii bxwZ evÕ¦evqGbi RbÅ ‰wU cÉGqvRb nGq cGo|

KjKvZv ^vKvKvGj Ave`yi iwng ˆek KGqK eQi UvwjMGé wUcy myjZvGbi cyò myjZvb ÷Ki‚ÍÏvn&i M†Gn AeÕ©vb KGib ‰es ivRcyGòi `yB ˆQGjGK wkÞv `vb KGib| ‰ M†Gn Kwe I mvwnZÅvGgv`xiv gvGSgGaÅ RgvGqZ nGZb ‰es Ave`yi iwng cÉvYe¯¦ we«¼rgnGji ˆK±`Êwe±`yGZ cwiYZ nb| Zuvi wcÉq QvòG`i AbÅZg wQGjb mycwiwPZ cÉvPÅwe`Åvi cwíZ, wkÞvwe` I mgvR msÕ•viK Ievq`yÍÏvn&-‰j Ievqw`|

eÅwî×RxeGb Ave`yi iwng mnR-mij I `qvjy wPGîi AwaKvix f`ËGjvK wQGjb| wZwb KLbI weevn-e®¬Gb Ave«¬ nb wb| cÉK‡wZ I cÉvYx ˆcÉwgK wnGmGe wZwb cvwL I c÷ nZÅvGK AbywPZ MYÅ KiGZb ‰es dzj ˆZvjv A^ev MvGQi kvLv ˆQuovGK wZwb MwnÆZ MYÅ KiGZb| wZwb wek¼vm KiGZb ˆh, e†Þ I jZv-àGÍÂi cÉvY AvGQ| AvKvGk cvwL DoGZ ˆ`LGj wZwb Avb±` ˆcGZb ‰es KLbI KLbI wkKvixG`i wbKU ˆ^GK cvwL wKGb wbGq ˆmàwj gyî× KGi w`GZb|

Ave`yi iwng Zuvi RxeGbi ˆkl w`bàwj cvGKÆ Zvey LvwUGq wbtmãfvGe AaÅqGb gGbvwbGek KGi wkÞv`vb KvGR AwZevwnZ KGiGQb| 1853 mvGji 29 wWGmÁ¼i wZwb ciGjvKMgb KGib| 

[‰.‰d mvjvDóxb AvnGg`]