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evsjvi NUbvewj eYÆbvi ÷i‚GZ Aveyj dRj ‰K weGkl ixwZ AbymiY KGib, ˆhgb ‘NUbvewji ‰KwU’, ‘evsjv nGZ cÉvµ¦ Lei,’ ‘evsjv ˆ^GK Avmv ÷f-msev`’ BZÅvw`| ‰i «¼viv cÉZxqgvb nq ˆh, wZwb wewf®² Drm ˆ^GK cvIqv evsjv welqK Z^Åvw` msMÉn KiGZb| myevn`vi, ˆmbvcÉavb I AbÅvbÅ ivRKgÆPvixiv ‰ mKj weeiY cvVvGZb| AvKeGii mgGq cÉwZ cÉG`Gk IqvwKqvbwek bvGg ‰KRb evZÆv ˆcÉiK wbGqvwRZ wQGjb| ài‚Z½cƒYÆ Leivw` ivRavbxGZ cvVvGbv wQj Zvi `vwqZ½| ‰fvGe msM†nxZ Z^Å AvKeibvgvi gƒj Drm i…Gc eÅen…Z nGqGQ|

Aveyj dRGji wcZv ˆkL gyeviK I eo fvB ˆkL ŠdRx mgËvU AvKeGii Dci cÉfve LvUvGZb| Aveyj dRj wbGRI mgËvGUi e®¬z wQGjb weavq AvKeGii wewf®² weRq I K‡wZGZ½i eYÆbv w`GZ wMGq wZwb cÞcvZ`yÓ¡ nGq cGob| Zuvi ˆPvGL AvKei ‰KRb ‘ˆLw`e’ wQGjb ‰es AvKeGii mKj mvdjÅ wQj ‘ˆmŒfvMÅcÉmƒZ’|

Mɯ©Kvi wbGR KLbI evsjvq AvGmb wb ‰es evsjvi ˆfŒGMvwjK welqvw` mÁ·GKÆ Zuvi ˆKvb eÅwî×MZ cwiwPwZ wQj bv| ZvB gvGS gGaÅ wewf®² RvqMv wbw`ÆÓ¡KiGY Aveyj dRj weövw¯¦i wkKvi nGqGQb| evsjvq gyMj hy«¬weMÉGni weeiY w`GZ wMGq wZwb gyMj KgÆKZÆv-KgÆPvixG`i mdjZv, wedjZv, loh¯¨ I msNvGZi eYÆbv w`GZ fzGjb wb| ZvQvov gyMj weRGqi cÉvØvGj evsjvi ivR‹bwZK cwiwÕ©wZ, ‰es f„uBqv I Rwg`viG`i cwiPq Rvbvi RbÅ AvKeibvgv ‰K gƒjÅevb Drm-Mɯ©| mvgËvRÅev`x gyMj kwî×i wei‚G«¬ evsjvi fuƒBqv I Rwg`viiv ‰K `yeÆvi cÉwZGiva MGo ZzGjwQj| ‰ MÉG¯© evsjvi Cmv Lvb, ˆK`vi ivq, LvRv Dmgvb cÉgyL fuƒBqvi cÉv^wgK Rxeb I Dïvb welGq Rvbv hvq| ‰ mKj weeiY hw`I mswÞµ¦ I Qvov-Qvov ZeyI Lye wbfÆiGhvMÅ ‰es AbÅvbÅ ˆ`kR I Õ©vbxq  Dcvî ˆhgb wjwcgvjv, gy`Ëv I RbkÉ‚wZ cÉf‡wZ ‰i mGã mgw¯¼Z KGi cÉGPÓ¡v PvjvGj evsjvi ZrKvjxb ˆbZv I Rwg`viG`i mwVK BwZnvm ˆgvUvgywUfvGe cybMÆVb Kiv mÁ¿e| ‰ mgqKvi Kvjò×g wbG`ÆkbvqI AvKeibvgv  meÆvwaK wbfÆiGhvMÅ Drm|

`vwÞYvZÅ ˆ^GK ˆdivi cG^ hyeivR ˆmwjGgi (cieZÆxKvGj mgËvU Rvnvãxi) cÉGivPbvq exi wms eyG±`jv 1602 wLËÓ¡vGõ A^Ævr AvKeGii ivRGZ½i ˆQPwÍÏkZg eQGi Aveyj dRjGK nZÅv KGi| AZ‰e H eQGiB Aveyj dRGji eYÆbv ˆkl nq| cieZÆx mgGq BbvGqZDÍÏÅv AvKeibvgvi eYÆbv AvKeGii g†ZzÅi eQi 1605 chƯ¦ ewaÆZ KGib|  [Avõyj Kwig]

Mɯ©cwé  Abul Fazl, Akbarnamah, Bibliotheca Indica, Calcutta; H Beveridge (Tr) Akbarnamah, III, Calcutta Reprint 1973; A Karim, History of Bengal, Mughal Period, I, Rajshahi, 1992.