AmnGhvM AvG±`vjb  ‰g.ˆK Mv®¬xi ˆbZ‡Z½vaxGb cÉewZÆZ fviGZi ‰KwU kwî×kvjx RvZxqZvev`x AvG±`vjb| wewf®² KviGY fviZxq RvZxq KsGMÉm 1920 mvGj cÉZÅÞ msMÉvGgi bxwZ AbymiGYi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbq| ivIjvU AvBb, RvwjqvbIqvjv evM nZÅvKví I cvévGe mvgwiK AvBb hy«¬Kvjxb mgGq weËwUkG`i cÉ`î D`vi AãxKviGK wg^Åv eGj cÉwZc®² KGi| ÞwZKi eGj weGewPZ Š«¼Z-kvmGbi KgÆ-cwiK͸bvmn gG´Ÿà-ˆPgm&GdvWÆ wiGcvUÆ Lye A͸msLÅK ˆjvKGKB m¯§Ó¡ KiGZ ˆcGiwQj| ‰Zw`b chƯ¦ miKvGii bÅvqcivqYZv I wbiGcÞ wePvGi AvÕ©vkxj Mv®¬x ‰Lb Abyfe KiGZ cviGjb ˆh evaÅ nGqB miKvGii mGã AmnGhvM AviÁ¿ KiGZ nGe| ‰KB mgq, wgò kwî×eMÆ I ZziGÕ•i gGaÅ Õ¼vÞwiZ ˆmfi Pzwî×i KGVvi kZÆvewj fviZxq gymjgvbG`i Þzº¬ KGi ˆZvGj| gymjgvbMY wLjvdZ AvG±`vjb ÷i‚ KGi ‰es Mv®¬x wbGRGK ZvG`i mGã AweGœQ`Åi…Gc ‰KvZÄ Kivi wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbb| Mv®¬xi ‘`ÞZvcƒYÆ DuPzÕ¦Gii ivR‹bwZK PZziZv’ fviGZ ÷i‚ nGZ hvIqv AmnGhvM AvG±`vjGb gymjgvbG`i mg^Æb jvf wbwøZ KGi|

1920 mvGji 22 Ryb ZvwiL Mv®¬x fvBmiqGK ˆjLv ‰KwU wPwVGZ ‘ÕÃiYvZxZ Kvj ˆ^GK PGj Avmv KzkvmGbi AvkÉq ˆbIqv kvmKGK mvnvhÅ cÉ`vb cÉZÅvLÅvb Kivi eÅvcvGi cÉRve†G±`i’ Õ¼xK‡Z AwaKvGii K^v `†pi…Gc ˆNvlYv KGib| H wPwVGZ cÉ`î mZKÆxKiGYi ˆgqv` ˆkl nIqvi ci 1 AvMÕ¡ AvbyÓ¤vwbKfvGe AvG±`vjb Pvjy Kiv nq| KjKvZv AwaGekGb (ˆmG¶ŸÁ¼i 1920) AvG±`vjGbi KgÆmƒwP Õ·Ó¡i…Gc wee†Z Kiv nq| ‰GZ A¯¦fzÆî× wQj ˆLZve I miKvwi c` ZÅvM Kiv ‰es Õ©vbxq msÕ©vmgƒGni gGbvbxZ c`mgƒn ˆ^GK BÕ¦dv cÉ`vb Kiv| wm«¬v¯¦ ˆbIqv nq, AmnGhvMKvixiv miKvwi `vwqZ½, `ievi I AbÅvbÅ AbyÓ¤vGb DcwÕ©Z ^vKGe bv ‰es Zviv Õ•zj-KGjR ˆ^GK ZvG`i m¯¦vbG`i cÉZÅvnvi KiGe, cwieGZÆ RvZxq Õ•zj-KGjR Õ©vcb KiGe| Zviv weËwUk Av`vjZ eRÆb KiGe ‰es wbRÕ¼ mvwjwk Av`vjZ cÉwZÓ¤v KiGe; Zviv Õ¼G`kx eÕ¨ eÅenvi KiGe| AmnGhvMKvixG`iGK KGVvi wbqgvbyeZÆxfvGe mZÅ I Awnsmv cvjb KiGZ nGe|

KsGMÉGmi bvMcyi AwaGekGb (wWGmÁ¼i 1920) KjKvZvi wm«¬v¯¦ AbyGgv`b Kiv nq| ˆmLvGb `jxq msMVGbi D®²wZmvaGbi Ici ˆRvi ˆ`Iqv nq| Pvi Avbv Puv`v cÉ`vb mvGcGÞ mKj eqtcÉvµ¦ cyi‚l I bvixi RbÅ KsGMÉGmi m`mÅc` D¯Ãyî× KGi ˆ`Iqv nq| KsGMÉm KZ‡ÆK AmnGhvGMi cÉÕ¦ve MÉnY Kiv nGj Zv ‰wUGK bZzb KgÆkwî× ˆhvMvq ‰es 1921 mvGji Rvbyqvwi gvm ˆ^GK ‰Uv meÆfviZeÅvcx ˆek wKQyUv mvdjÅ ARÆb KiGZ ÷i‚ KGi| Avjx övZ‡«¼Gqi mGã Mv®¬x mviv fviZ mdi KGib ‰es kZ kZ Rbmfvq fvlY ˆ`b|

cÉ^g gvGm 9,000 Qvò-Qvòx Õ•zj-KGjR cwiZÅvM KGi ‰es mgMÉ ˆ`keÅvcx MGo ˆZvjv AvUkiI AwaK RvZxq cÉwZÓ¤vGb ˆhvM`vb KGi| wPîiéb `vk I myfvlP±`Ê emyi ˆbZ‡Z½vaxGb evsjvq wkÞv-cÉwZÓ¤vb eRÆb weGklfvGe mvdjÅgwíZ nq| cvéveI wkÞv-cÉwZÓ¤vb eRÆGbi WvGK mvov ˆ`q ‰es ‰ eÅvcvGi jvjv jvRcr ivq wewkÓ¡ f„wgKv cvjb KGib| AbÅvbÅ ˆh mKj ‰jvKv AmnGhvM AvG±`vjGb mwò×q wQj ˆmàwj nGjv gyÁ¼vB, Dîi cÉG`k, wenvi, DwolÅv I Avmvg; gv`ËvR ˆZgb ‰KUv HKvw¯¦KZv cÉ`kÆb bv  KGi wcQGb cGo ^vGK|

AvBbRxexG`i Av`vjZ eRÆb wkÞv-cÉwZÓ¤vb eRÆGbi gGZv ZZUv mdj wQj bv| wm.Avi `vk, gwZjvj ˆbni‚, ‰g.Avi RqvKi, ‰m.wKPjy, wf.cÅvGUj, Avmd Avjx Lvb I AbÅvbÅG`i gGZv AGbK wewkÓ¡ AvBbRxex ZuvG`i jvfRbK eÅemvq cwiZÅvM KGib, ‰es ZuvG`i ‰ AvZÄZÅvM AGbGKi RbÅ AbyGcÉiYvi DrGm cwiYZ nq| AveviI msLÅvi w`K ˆ^GK evsjvi AeÕ©vb wQj mKGji kxGlÆ ‰es ‰ici AvGm A®¬Ì, Dîi cÉG`k, KYÆvUK I cvéve|

wK¯§ mÁ¿eZ ‰ KgÆmƒwPi meGPGq mdj w`K nGjv weG`kx eÕ¨ eRÆb| weG`k ˆ^GK ˆh mKj eÕ¨ Avg`vwb Kiv nq Zvi gƒjÅ 1920-21 mvGji 102 ˆKvwU UvKv ˆ^GK ˆbGg ‰Gm 1921-22 mvGj 57 ˆKvwUGZ `uvovq|

1921 mvGji RyjvB gvGm miKvGii cÉwZ ‰KwU bZzb PÅvGjé ˆQuvov nq| ‘gymjgvbG`i RbÅ weËwUk ˆmbvevwnbxGZ PvKwi PvwjGq hvIqv agÆxq w`K ˆ^GK AvBb-wei‚«¬’, ‰ gZ ˆcvlY Kivi KviGY AbÅvbÅ ˆbZ‡e†G±`i mGã gynÁÃ` AvjxGK ˆMÉdZvi Kiv nq| Mv®¬x ‰es Zuvi mGã KsGMÉm gynÁÃ` AvjxGK mg^Æb KGib ‰es ‰Zw«¼lGq cÉKvkÅ wjwLZ ˆNvlYv cÉPvi KGib| cieZÆx bvUKxq NUbv nGjv 1921 mvGji 17 bGfÁ¼i ZvwiL ÷i‚ nIqv wcÉ´Ö Ae IGqjGmi fviZ mdi| wcÉ´Ö ˆhw`b gyÁ¼vB ‰Gm ˆcuŒGQb ˆmw`b mgMÉ fviZeÅvcx niZvj cvwjZ nq| wZwb ˆhLvGbB hvb ˆmLvGb ZuvGK ivÕ¦vNvU RbkƒbÅ I `iRv Rvbvjv AMÆje«¬ ivLvi gvaÅGg wei…c mseaÆbv RvbvGbv nq| miKvGii cÉwZ AeævcƒYÆ weGivwaZvq mvdjÅ ARÆGbi «¼viv mvnmx nGq AmnGhvMKvixiv ò×GgB AwaKZi Avò×gYvZÄK nGq IGV| KsGMÉGmi ˆÕ¼œQvGmeK evwnbx cywjGki cÉwZcÞ kwî×kvjx `j wnGmGe Avwef„ÆZ nq ‰es ‰i m`mÅG`i mvwie«¬fvGe I ‰KB iKg ˆeGk mwäZ nGq KzPKvIqvR KGi MgGbi `†kÅ miKvGii wbKU ˆKvbò×GgB AwfGcÉZ wQj bv| KsGMÉm BZtcƒGeÆB cÉvG`wkK KsGMÉm KwgwUmgƒnGK ˆhLvGb Zviv gGb KiZ RbMY cÉÕ§Z ˆmLvGb UÅvÝ cÉ`vb bv Kivmn eÅvcK AvBb AgvbÅKvix AvG±`vjb ejer Kivi AbygwZ cÉ`vb KGi ˆiGLwQj| AmnGhvM AvG±`vjGbi AbÅvbÅ AcÉZÅÞ djvdjI wQj| Dîi cÉG`Gk AmnGhvGMi mfv I PvlxG`i mfvi gGaÅ cv^ÆKÅ wbG`Æk Kiv KwVb nGq `uvovq| ‰ AvG±`vjb ˆKivjvi gvjvevGi gymjgvb cÉRvG`i ZvG`i f„Õ¼vgxG`i wei‚G«¬ weÞzº¬ nGZ mvnvhÅ KGi| AvmvGg Pv evMvGbi kÉwgKMY agÆNGU hvq| cvévGe AvKvwj AvG±`vjb wQj meÆRbxb AmnGhvM AvG±`vjGbi ‰KwU Ask|

evsjvqI ‰wU cÉPí kwî× ARÆb KGi| ÷ay KjKvZvqB bq, MÉvg evsjvqI cÉv^wgK RvMiY cwijwÞZ nq| Puv`cyi b`xe±`Gi àLÆviv KzwjG`i ˆe-AvBwbfvGe Š`wnK AvNvZ Kivi ci (20-21 ˆg) ‰Uv Pig mxgvq ˆcuŒGQ| ˆR.‰g ˆmbàGµ¦i ˆbZ‡Z½vaxGb mgMÉ cƒeÆevsjv wQj D| wK¯§ meGPGq myÓ¤zfvGe msMwVZ MÉvgxY AvG±`vjb wQj ˆgw`bxcyGi exGi±`Êbv^ kvmgGji ˆbZ‡GZ½ cwiPvwjZ BDwbqb ˆevWÆ-weGivax weGÞvf|

AmnGhvM AvG±`vjb hZ PjGZ ^vGK ZZB ‰Uv cwiÓ•vii…Gc cÉwZfvZ nGZ ^vGK ˆh, evsjvi bvixiv cÉwZev` AvG±`vjGb mwò×q f„wgKv cvjb KiGZ BœQyK| bvix RvZxqZvev`xiv ‰LvGb eãxq cÉG`k KsGMÉm KwgwUi gwnjv KgÆ mgvR A^ev gwnjvG`i msMVb ˆevGWÆi AvIZvaxGb wbGRG`iGK msNe«¬ KGi| mgvGRi bvixiv mfvi AvGqvRb KGi I AmnGhvGMi ggÆ RGb RGb cÉPvi KGi| bvix ˆÕ¼œQvGmweKvMY ‰wMGq AvGm| wm.Avi `vGki h^vò×Gg Õ¨x I fwMbx evm¯¦x ˆ`ex I EwgÆjv ˆ`ex, ˆR.‰g ˆmbàGµ¦i Õ¨x ˆbjx ˆmb൦v, AbÅvbÅG`i ˆhgb ˆgvwnbx ˆ`ex, jveYÅcÉfv P±`GK mGã wbGq ‰ AvG±`vjGb wewkÓ¡ f„wgKv cvjb KGib| NUbvò×Gg ZuvG`i KgÆKvGíi cÉavb ˆÞò wQj weG`kx g` I eGÕ¨i ˆ`vKvGb wcGKwUs Kiv ‰es ivÕ¦vNvGU LóGii Kvco wewò× Kiv|  

AvG±`vjGbi wewf®² ˆKG±`Ê miKvi ˆdŒR`vwi AvBGbi 108 I 144 aviv Rvwi KGi| ˆÕ¼œQvGmeK evwnbxGK ˆeAvBwb ˆNvlYv Kiv nq ‰es wWGmÁ¼i gvm bvMv` fviGZi mKj Õ©vb ˆ^GK 30,000 eÅwî×GK ˆMÉdZvi Kiv nq| wewkÓ¡ ˆbZ‡e†G±`i gGaÅ ÷ay Mv®¬x ˆRGji evBGi wQGjb| wWGmÁ¼i gvGmi gvSvgvwS gvjGeÅi DG`ÅvGM Avcm-gxgvsmvq ˆcuŒQGZ Avjvc-AvGjvPbvi eÅ^Æ cÉGPÓ¡v PvjvGbv nq| wK¯§ ‰GZ ‰gb kZÆvewj RyGo ˆ`Iqv nq hvi A^Æ `uvovq wLjvdZ ˆbZ‡e†±`GK ewj ˆ`Iqv| ‰ c¯©v MÉnGY Mv®¬x ivwR wQGjb bv| H mgq wZwb KsGMÉGmi mvaviY KgÆxG`i wbKU ˆ^GK eÅvcK AvBb AgvbÅKvix AvG±`vjGbi ceÆ ÷i‚ Kivi welGq ˆek wKQyUv PvGci gGaÅI wQGjb| Mv®¬x miKvGii mgxGc Pigcò ˆcÉiY KGib| wK¯§ miKvi ‰GZ ˆKvb mvov bv ˆ`Iqvq wZwb myivU ˆRjvi evi`wj ZvjyGK AvBb AgvbÅKvix AvG±`vjb cÉeZÆb ÷i‚ KGib| ‰ mgq ˆPŒwiGPŒivi `ytLRbK nZÅvKví msNwUZ nq hv AvG±`vjGbi MwZ cwieZÆb KGi| 3,000 eÅwî×i ‰K DœQ†›Lj RbZv 25 Rb cywjk I ‰KRb B´ÖGcÙiGK nZÅv KGi| ‰ NUbv Mv®¬xi wbKU ˆewk evovevwo gGb nq| ‰i dj nGjv ˆh, wZwb ZrÞYvr AvG±`vjb Õ©MwZ KGi ˆ`Iqvi wbG`Æk ˆ`b| ‰fvGe 1922 mvGji 12 ˆdeË‚qvwi AmnGhvM AvG±`vjGbi cwimgvwµ¦ NGU|

AmnGhvM AvG±`vjGbi mxgve«¬Zv I ARÆb mÁ·GKÆ ejv hvq, ‰wU wLjvdZGK wbwøZ KiGZ I cvévGei AbÅvq cÉwZweavGbi jÞÅ ARÆGb AvcvZfvGe eÅ^Æ nq| ‰K eQGii gGaÅ cÉwZkÉ‚Z Õ¼ivR AvGm wb| ZrmGî½I, 1922 mvGji 12 ˆdeË‚qvwi ˆh cøv`cmiGYi wbG`Æk ˆ`Iqv nGqwQj Zv wQj ÷ay AÕ©vqx c`GÞc| ‰KwU Líhy«¬ ˆkl nGjI e†nîi msMÉvg AeÅvnZ wQj|  [iwér ivq]